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Current Biomedicine
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 29628490     EISSN : 29854784     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29244/currbiomed
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Aim. Current Biomedicine aims to publish scientific article in the biomedical fields. Scope. Current Biomedicine will publish widely relevant topic in the field of biology (life science), directly or indirectly, support the improvement of human health. These fields include, but are not limited to: anatomy, physiology, histology, embryology, genetics, pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacy, parasitology, pathology, microbiology, clinics, radiology and imaging, surgery, experimental surgery, reproduction, ethnomedicine, phytopharmaceuticals, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, bioinformatics, public health, epidemiology, legislation and bioethics, and one health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 54 Documents
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Preparation of avian influenza H5N1 and Newcastle disease antigens for hemagglutination inhibition assay applications Poetri, Okti Nadia; Salsabila, Syaharani; Pebriana, Nada Adinda
Current Biomedicine Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.4.1.8

Abstract

Background Avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) are major poultry diseases in Indonesia, where monitoring of vaccination efficacy commonly relies on the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The HI assay requires viral antigens, which are generally obtained commercially from PUSVETMA. However, independent antigen preparation would be beneficial for private laboratories. Objective This study aimed to prepare and validate in-house AI and ND antigens as HI assay reagents. Methods Viruses were propagated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECE), inactivated using buffered neutral formalin (BNF), precipitated with polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000), and preserved with glycerol. Validation was conducted by parallel HI testing of 24 chicken sera for AI and 22 chicken sera for ND using both in-house and PUSVETMA’s antigens. Antibody titers were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), with sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and kappa (κ) tests performed for agreement.   Results ANOVA revealed no significant differences in geometric mean titers between in-house and PUSVETMA’s antigens (P<0.05). Both the AI and ND in-house antigens demonstrated Se and Sp values of 100% and κ values of 1, indicating perfect agreement. Conclusion These findings confirm that in-house AI and ND antigens are comparable to their commercial counterparts and can serve as reliable and cost-effective reagents for HI testing in private laboratories.
Canine monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Alaskan Malamute dog in GloriaVet Pet Health Solution, Bandung, Indonesia Amani, Aqila Zata; Rahma, Kinanti Dwi; Satyaningtijas, Aryani Sismin; Satriawan, Ivan; Nadelia, Nurul; Widhyari, Sus Derthi
Current Biomedicine Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.4.1.24

Abstract

Background Ehrlichiosis is an infection caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia canis, which attacks monocytes. Ehrlichiosis is characterized by anemia, lethargy, lameness, pancytopenia, hemorrhage, and weight loss. Objective This study aimed to describe the clinical findings and treatment of a dog diagnosed with Ehrlichia canis infection. Case A 5-year-old female Alaskan Malamute dog named Salt was brought to the clinic of GloriaVet Pet Health Solution, Bandung, Indonesia, with lameness and weakness, accompanied by high fever and very pale mucous membranes (pallor). Examination and treatments Dog was examined using a general examination, hematology test, biochemistry test, native smear, and IDExx SNAP© 4dx test kit. The examinations showed a positive result for Ehrlichia canis infection, along with severe pancytopenia, hyperglobulinemia, and thrombocytopenia. Diagnosis heavily relied on serology and clinical manifestation, and further PCR testing was not performed. The treatment consisted of doxycycline 10 mg/kg/day for 28 days, a 0.75% ketamine drip infusion, darbepoetin alfa, and a blood transfusion. Conclusion Dog was infected with chronic ehrlichiosis with several clinical symptoms including severe anemia. Treatment with doxycycline as the treatment of choice for ehrlichiosis infection and a blood transfusion for treating severe anemia showed signs of improvement, but were ultimately ineffective due to the poor prognosis associated with chronic ehrlichiosis and severe pancytopenia.
mTOR signaling in airway epithelial homeostasis, aging, and diseases Khatun, Ziasmin; Saikat, Shoaib; Haque, Shaila
Current Biomedicine Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.4.1.30

Abstract

Through the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of various stem and progenitor cells, the airway epithelium preserves homeostasis. To regulate these activities, mTOR signaling combines metabolic and environmental factors. The study reviews the role of mTOR signaling in airway epithelial homeostasis and its dysregulation in airway aging, emphysema, ARDS, and lung cancer. This review combines experimental and clinical data from lineage tracing, organoid systems, genetic mouse models, and patient-derived samples to identify the cell-specific roles of mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in airway epithelial stem/progenitor cell homeostasis, aging, and the pathology of disease. Balanced mTOR signaling is crucial for airway epithelial integrity by regulating basal stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and epithelial cell survival. Temporary activation of mTORC1 promotes proper differentiation during organoid formation, whereas persistent hyperactivation leads to stem cell exhaustion, cellular senescence, and impaired regeneration during aging. Aberrant mTOR activation contributes to alveolar degradation in emphysema, worsens inflammation and autophagy suppression in ARDS, and promotes carcinogenesis through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway dysregulation in lung cancer. Pharmacological manipulation of mTOR, particularly context-specific and dose-controlled inhibition, explains therapeutic potential but also contains risks of compromised tissue repair when used over an extended period of time. In conclusion, the mTOR signaling is a key modulator of aging, disease progression, and airway epithelial homeostasis. Its dual function emphasizes that accurate disease-specific stage adjustment is more important than widespread inhibition. Understanding cell-type-specific mTOR activities will allow future research on targeted therapeutic strategies to maintain epithelial healing and reduce bad outcomes.
Multidrug resistance in enteric pathogens from smallholder poultry farms in peri-urban Dhaka: One Health implications Islam, K. B. M. Saiful; Shiraj-Um-Mahmuda, Syeeda; Khan, Md. Roknuzzaman; Islam, Md. Khairul; Zabed, Md. Akib; Zahan, Afroj; Shiraj-Um-Monira, Syeeda; Talukdar, Faisol
Current Biomedicine Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.4.1.14

Abstract

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in food animal pathogens poses a growing public health threat, particularly in low-resource settings where zoonotic transmission is poorly monitored. Objective This study investigated the occurrence, spatial distribution, and AMR profiles of enteric pathogens isolated from chickens reared in smallholder commercial poultry farms in Bangladesh. Methods Cecal samples (n=100) were collected from broiler and layer chickens across ten peri-urban locations within 50 km radius of Dhaka city. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed according to standard protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using disk diffusion against 12 commonly used antibiotics. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index and prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) were calculated. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t-tests. Results A total of 270 bacterial isolates were recovered, predominantly Escherichia coli (55.9%) and Salmonella spp. (16.7%). Resistance was highest to Amoxicillin (93.3%), Streptomycin (52.6%), and Tetracycline (46.3%), while Ceftriaxone showed the lowest resistance (6.7%). Overall, 71.5% of isolates were multidrug-resistant with broiler-derived strains showing significantly higher MDR prevalence (78.8%) and MAR index (0.41 ± 0.11) than layer-derived strains (62.2%, 0.30 ± 0.09; p<0.001). Spatial analysis revealed significant variation in isolate counts and resistance burden across locations, with Narsingdi, Savar, and Araihajar identified as high-risk zones (p<0.05). Conclusion The high prevalence of MDR enteric pathogens and elevated MAR indices in broiler farms highlight the zoonotic risk posed by poultry feces. These findings emphasize the need for targeted antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance within the One Health framework.

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