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Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Published by Universitas Sains Dan Teknologi Komputer
ISSN : 29876737     EISSN : 29877539     DOI : 10.51903
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Sub Rumpun ILMU POLITIK 1 Ilmu Politik 2 Kriminologi 3 Hubungan Internasional 4 Ilmu Administrasi (Niaga, Negara, Publik, Pembangunan, Dll) 5 Kriminologi 6 Ilmu Hukum 7 Ilmu Pemerintahan 8 Ilmu Sosial dan Politik 9 Studi Pembangunan (Perencanaan Pembangunan, Wilayah, Kota) 10 Ketahanan Nasional 11 Ilmu Kepolisian 12 Kebijakan Publik 13 Bidang Ilmu Politik Lain Yang Belum Tercantum Sub Rumpun ILMU SOSIAL 1 Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 2 Sosiologi 3 Humaniora 3 4 Kajian Wilayah (Eropa, Asia, Jepang, Timur Tengah Dll) 5 Arkeologi 6 Ilmu Sosiatri 7 Kependudukan (Demografi, dan Ilmu Kependudukan Lain) 8 Sejarah (Ilmu Sejarah) 9 Kajian Budaya 10 Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam 11 Ilmu Komunikasi 12 Antropologi 13 Bidang Sosial Lain Yang Belum Tercantum
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 209 Documents
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The Role of Digital Literacy in Preventing Cybercrime Among Adolescents: A Social Study in Urban Areas Risma, Siti Sya'ada Alda; Fachuda, Fatimah Azzahro
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/6h49sp97

Abstract

This study discusses the theoretically relevant concepts and the objectives of preventing cybercrime among adolescents in urban settings; technically, the author perceives this as of paramount importance, as adolescents are being conditioned to view themselves as victims due to a lack of awareness of cybercrimes. The significant target populations in this study include 384 adolescents randomly selected from Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya. Their levels of digital literacy were assessed using quantitative research methods, including the distribution of structured questionnaires. It aims to develop a construct of digital literacy in the technical, cognitive, social, and ethical domains. The study established a meaningful statistical association (r = 0.642; p < 0.001), indicating that 41.2% of the variance in cybercrime prevention ability is explained by digital literacy. Based on the significant findings, it can be stated that there is strong technical skill, whereas there remains a weak understanding of digital ethics and privacy. Regarding theory, this research has added a social dimension to the understanding of digital literacy and, in practice, has identified the need for educational interventions, community programs, and the upgrading of public policy to promote adolescent digital literacy. This implies that the findings would draw attention to the urgent need for a national digital literacy strategy integrated into a curriculum for schools, public campaigns for awareness, and the regulation of data protection with a scope of work. Such would create a safe and ethical space for adolescents in a digital world
The Transformation of Social Norms and Legal Adaptation in Responding to the Phenomenon of Digital Bullying Among Urban Adolescents Sitompul, Abdul Romadon; Dalimunteh, Nur Amannah
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/6v05v805

Abstract

The transition of digital technology has altered the social norms of urban adolescents, generating an online culture that often validates digital bullying as part of everyday life. The present study aims to investigate the dynamics of shifting social norms among adolescents in digital spaces and to assess the Indonesian legal system's adaptive capacity in responding to the phenomenon of digital bullying. The qualitative exploratory case study employed a multipronged data collection strategy, comprising interviews, digital ethnography, and document analysis, in the large cities of Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung. The results indicate that adolescents are allowing permissive norms regarding verbal aggression in interactions through digital media. In contrast, the law is seen as reactive, not child-friendly, and not oriented toward education. Adolescents tend to have a general distrust of formal legal mechanisms. The study concludes that the law's effectiveness ultimately depends on its ability to adapt to evolving digital norms. The main contribution of this research is combining the legal sociology and digital culture perspectives to propose a legal policy that is contextual, participatory, and focused on educating adolescents and ensuring their social protection. In practical terms, the findings provide policy recommendations to strengthen digital literacy programs in schools, develop adolescent-friendly reporting mechanisms, and encourage cross-sectoral collaboration to prevent and address digital bullying effectively.
Juridical Analysis of Supreme Court Decisions on Gender Bias in Domestic Violence Case Rulings Jannah, Nadifa; Adab, Jauhirul
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/1ve7ch74

Abstract

Domestic Violence (DV) is a subject matter that disturbs human rights, but is usually neglected or inadequately dealt with in the judicial system, also at the Supreme Court level. This study is intended to make a juridical analysis of the gender bias in the decision of the Supreme Court on domestic violence cases in Indonesia. The research would apply a qualitative-juridical approach with a case-study design and analyze 10 purposively selected Supreme Court rulings from 2015 to 2024, using a gender-bias indicator framework to examine them. The study shows that 70% have exhibited gender bias in the ruling, counted by stereotypes about women, ignoring power relations, and also through legal reasoning that does not consider substantive justice. Only three decisions show clear and constant consideration for the victims, aligning with gender equality principles and international obligations such as the CEDAW. This study aims to develop an interdisciplinary approach between law and gender studies through a replicable, evaluative framework for assessing gender bias. The findings subsequently bear practical implications for the preparation of technical guidelines and judicial training and reform for a fairer and much more equitable justice system for victims of domestic violence. Ultimately, these insights underline the urgent need for judicial reform in Indonesia, particularly within the Supreme Court, to strengthen institutional capacity, enhance judges’ gender-sensitive training, and ensure that court decisions truly reflect substantive justice.
Model Restorative Justice dalam Diversi Anak Menggunakan Pendekatan Yuridis-Empiris Jesari, Jihan; Aliya, Yuni
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/e96y7j93

Abstract

The Indonesian juvenile justice system has increasingly recognized the importance of restorative justice as an alternative to retributive approaches, with diversion serving as a key instrument to protect children’s rights and ensure the best interests of the child. This study aims to analyze judges' roles in implementing diversion and to formulate a conceptual model that integrates normative legal provisions with empirical practices. Using a juridical-empirical approach, the research combines normative analysis of the Child Criminal Justice System Law and related regulations with empirical data obtained from in-depth interviews, courtroom observations, and judicial decisions across several district courts. The findings reveal significant variations in the implementation of diversion, influenced mainly by judges’ interpretations, children’s psychological conditions, family support, and victims’ involvement. While normative frameworks strongly guide judicial decisions, non-legal factors are equally decisive in determining the success of diversion. The study contributes theoretically by offering an integrated model of restorative justice in Indonesian juvenile courts and, practically, by recommending strengthening judges’ capacity, providing mediation facilities, and increasing victim participation. This research concludes that diversion in Indonesia should be understood not only as a legal obligation but also as a restorative mechanism that ensures balanced recovery for children, victims, and society.
E-Court dan Keadilan Prosedural: Studi Empiris Perspektif Hakim Indonesia Adinda Ratih, Soleh
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/wp8x7946

Abstract

The rapid digital transformation in the judicial sector has brought significant changes to procedural justice, particularly through the implementation of electronic courts (e-courts) in Indonesia. This study explores how judges perceive and apply procedural justice principles in digital trials. Using a qualitative research design with an empirical approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 25 judges from district and high courts in 12 cities, supported by courtroom observations and document analysis. Thematic analysis identified five major themes: transparency of proceedings, parties’ participation, procedural consistency, technical challenges and digital literacy, and the balance between efficiency and substantive justice. The findings show that while e-court improves administrative efficiency and transparency, it also raises concerns regarding equal participation and substantive fairness due to technological barriers and reduced face-to-face interaction. Nearly one-third of the judges viewed e-court as potentially hindering procedural justice, indicating that digitalization has not yet ensured a uniform perception of fairness. The novelty of this research lies in presenting judges’ empirical perspectives, which remain understudied compared to normative or technical analyses. Academically, this study contributes to the discourse on e-justice in developing countries and, practically, offers policy implications for strengthening digital judicial governance. The findings highlight the need for enhanced judicial training, improved technological infrastructure, and more inclusive guidelines to ensure equitable participation in digital trials. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that the e-court should function not merely as a symbol of modernization but as a genuine instrument of substantive justice.
Model Plea Bargaining pada Sistem Penuntutan Indonesia dalam Perspektif Jaksa Gunowo, Salis
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/nhz9av63

Abstract

This study explores the feasibility of adopting plea bargaining within the Indonesian criminal prosecution system from the perspective of public prosecutors. Unlike common law jurisdictions such as the United States and Canada, where plea bargaining has become the dominant mechanism for resolving criminal cases, Indonesia still relies on full trials, resulting in significant case backlogs and overcapacity in correctional institutions. Employing a socio-legal qualitative approach, this research collected data through in-depth interviews with 25 prosecutors from three different jurisdictions, complemented by document analysis and limited observations. The findings reveal that while 72% of prosecutors support the potential adoption of plea bargaining—either entirely or with conditions—28% express rejection due to concerns over legal certainty, possible abuse of power, and the erosion of defendants’ rights to a fair trial. Comparative analysis indicates that prosecutors in urban jurisdictions tend to adopt a more pragmatic stance due to heavy caseloads. At the same time, those in regions dominated by narcotics cases exhibit more conservative views. The study proposes a contextual adaptation model for Indonesia that balances efficiency with substantive justice by involving judicial oversight in the negotiation process. This research contributes academically by providing empirical insights into prosecutors’ perceptions, which are rarely discussed in the Indonesian literature, and, practically, by offering policy recommendations to reform the criminal justice system. The conclusion emphasizes that adopting plea bargaining in Indonesia is feasible, provided it is accompanied by strict regulations, transparent oversight mechanisms, and apparent limitations on its application.
Strategi Penuntutan Kejahatan Siber dengan Artificial Intelligence di Era Digital Tania, Cindy; Gidalty, Janwan
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/j928ts68

Abstract

The rapid escalation of cybercrime in Indonesia and worldwide highlights the urgent need for adaptive legal strategies that integrate emerging technologies. This study investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to strengthen prosecution strategies against cybercrime, focusing on law enforcement readiness, implementation challenges, and the opportunities it presents. Using a qualitative approach supported by empirical data, the research combines doctrinal legal analysis, socio-legal perspectives, and case studies through in-depth interviews with prosecutors, investigators, and digital forensic experts, alongside secondary data from national and international reports. The results reveal that while awareness of AI’s potential is relatively high, its actual use in legal practice remains limited, with only 30 percent of respondents having direct experience with AI tools. Statistical data also confirm a significant increase in cyberattacks from 215 million anomalies in 2022 to nearly 400 million in 2024, underscoring the urgency of adopting AI. Findings show that AI can enhance the identification of digital evidence, detect hidden patterns in cyberattacks, and improve the effectiveness of prosecution. However, concerns about algorithmic bias and the lack of legal frameworks persist. This study contributes to academic discourse by offering an applied framework for AI-based prosecution strategies in developing countries and by providing practical recommendations for prosecutors and policymakers to accelerate digital legal reforms. The novelty lies in bridging theoretical discussions with an operational model contextualized to Indonesia’s legal environment.
Restorative Justice pada Perkara Lingkungan Hidup dalam Perspektif Penuntutan Jaksa Susanti, Huni; Nufninu, Misi
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/z8bqm132

Abstract

This study explores the potential application of restorative justice in environmental crime cases in Indonesia from the perspective of public prosecutors. While the conventional litigation process in environmental law is often lengthy, costly, and ineffective at ensuring ecological recovery, restorative justice offers an alternative that emphasizes efficiency, participation, and direct environmental rehabilitation. Employing a qualitative approach with grounded theory methodology, data were collected through in-depth interviews with prosecutors, supported by document analysis and constant comparative coding. The findings reveal that most prosecutors view restorative justice positively as a mechanism to accelerate case resolution and enhance ecological restoration. However, normative and institutional barriers, as well as the risks of misuse, remain critical challenges. Axial and selective coding led to the construction of a substantive theory that highlights the central role of prosecutors in navigating regulatory gaps and facilitating multi-actor commitments for ecological justice. This research contributes conceptually by integrating restorative justice with the unique characteristics of environmental law and practically by providing recommendations for policymakers to design regulations and technical guidelines that support its consistent and transparent implementation.
Analisis Peran Jaksa Pengacara Negara pada Sengketa Ekonomi Digital Luciana, Luciana; Yulianingsih, Sri; Kossay, Methodius
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/pp7kbp86

Abstract

The rapid growth of the digital economy has transformed the landscape of legal disputes, particularly in Indonesia, where e-commerce transactions continue to increase significantly. This study examines the role of the State Attorney (Jaksa Pengacara Negara/JPN) in handling digital economic disputes, which remain limited despite the normative authority granted by law. Using a juridical-empirical approach, the research combines document analysis, in-depth interviews with prosecutors, judges, consumer protection officials, and digital law experts, and observation of selected cases. The findings reveal that JPN’s involvement remains concentrated on conventional disputes, such as breaches of electronic contracts and online fraud. In contrast, their role in strategic issues such as data protection and digital monopoly remains negligible. Comparative analysis with other jurisdictions highlights that prosecutors in the United States, the European Union, and Singapore have adopted more proactive and efficient roles in protecting public interests in the digital domain. The study concludes that the gap between JPN’s normative authority and its practical implementation reflects weaknesses in technical capacity, regulatory framework, and inter-institutional coordination. This research contributes to academic discourse by providing empirical and comparative insights into JPN’s role in digital disputes and by offering practical recommendations to strengthen its function through regulatory reform, capacity building, and institutional synergy. Strengthening JPN’s role is not only necessary to protect consumers and ensure legal certainty but also essential to enhance Indonesia’s legal competitiveness in the global digital economy.

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