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Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Published by Universitas Sains Dan Teknologi Komputer
ISSN : 29876737     EISSN : 29877539     DOI : 10.51903
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Sub Rumpun ILMU POLITIK 1 Ilmu Politik 2 Kriminologi 3 Hubungan Internasional 4 Ilmu Administrasi (Niaga, Negara, Publik, Pembangunan, Dll) 5 Kriminologi 6 Ilmu Hukum 7 Ilmu Pemerintahan 8 Ilmu Sosial dan Politik 9 Studi Pembangunan (Perencanaan Pembangunan, Wilayah, Kota) 10 Ketahanan Nasional 11 Ilmu Kepolisian 12 Kebijakan Publik 13 Bidang Ilmu Politik Lain Yang Belum Tercantum Sub Rumpun ILMU SOSIAL 1 Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 2 Sosiologi 3 Humaniora 3 4 Kajian Wilayah (Eropa, Asia, Jepang, Timur Tengah Dll) 5 Arkeologi 6 Ilmu Sosiatri 7 Kependudukan (Demografi, dan Ilmu Kependudukan Lain) 8 Sejarah (Ilmu Sejarah) 9 Kajian Budaya 10 Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam 11 Ilmu Komunikasi 12 Antropologi 13 Bidang Sosial Lain Yang Belum Tercantum
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 228 Documents
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Reorientasi Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia dari Pengaturan Parsial Menuju Model Perlindungan Terpadu Siti Fadila Nuramelia; Riski Ananda Kusuma Putri; Muhammad Abdul Azis; Alya Synthia Kurniawati; Misshouw Meilany Putri
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/j66vnn80

Abstract

The criminal justice system should not only focus on identifying offenders, proving criminal acts, and imposing punishment, but also on preventing further harm to witnesses and victims. In Indonesia, witness and victim protection has developed from a limited procedural arrangement under the Criminal Procedure Code toward broader protection through sectoral statutes, Law No. 13 of 2006, Law No. 31 of 2014, and the more recent Law No. 3 of 2026 on Witness and Victim Protection. This study aims to analyse the development of witness and victim protection within the Indonesian criminal justice system and to formulate an integrated criminal law policy model for strengthening such protection. This research uses a normative juridical method with a qualitative orientation. The analysis is conducted through statutory, conceptual, historical, and legal policy approaches by examining primary legal materials and secondary legal literature related to victimology, criminal law, restitution, compensation, and victim recovery. The findings show that Indonesian law has gradually expanded the scope of protected subjects, strengthened the institutional role of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency, and introduced new mechanisms such as the Victim Endowment Fund, regional government support, and information technology-based coordination. However, the existing framework still faces fragmented protection standards, obstacles in restitution enforcement, weak inter-institutional coordination, and the need for more operational implementing regulations. This study contributes by offering an integrated protection model that connects risk assessment, witness security, victim recovery, restitution, compensation, institutional coordination, regional support, and secure information technology.
Analisis Komparatif Kualifikasi dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Atas Tindakan Memasuki Area Terbatas Tanpa Izin Antara Hukum Amerika Serikat dan Hukum Indonesia Yosep
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/jg5kyy57

Abstract

The growing phenomenon of “rooftopping”, unauthorized climbing of tall buildings publicized through social media, raises new legal questions, particularly regarding the qualification of criminal acts and criminal liability for unauthorized entry into restricted areas. The marriage proposal staged atop the antenna of the Empire State Building, New York, on 1 July 2026 illustrates how an act perceived as romantic can carry serious criminal consequences under United States law. This article examines the regulation of unauthorized entry into restricted areas under United States law and compares it with Indonesian law to identify similarities, differences, and implications should a similar act occur within Indonesian jurisdiction. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, case, comparative, and conceptual approaches. The findings show that United States law, through New York Penal Law Article 140, regulates trespassing and burglary in a tiered manner based on location, means, and time of the act, with penalties ranging from violations to serious felonies. In contrast, Indonesian law, both under Article 167 of the old Criminal Code and Article 257 of the new Criminal Code (Law Number 1 of 2023), regulates such conduct in a single article with comparatively lighter penalties and a narrower “forcible entry” element compared to the broader “knowingly entering without right” element under United States law. This structural difference implies a potential legal gap should a similar event occur in Indonesia, particularly concerning the still-unregulated phenomenon of high-rise building climbing stunts.
Politik Hukum Perlindungan Lahan Sawah Dilindungi untuk Ketahanan Pangan Maruli Jonathan; Rahadi Wasi Bintoro; Sri Wahyu Handayani
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/krx18j71

Abstract

The Indonesian Constitution positions the right to food as an essential part of the right to life, welfare, and human dignity. This article analyzes the legal politics of protecting sustainable food agricultural land through the policy of Protected Rice Fields (Lahan Sawah Dilindungi/LSD) and its relationship with Sustainable Food Agricultural Land (Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan/LP2B). The study uses normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, and descriptive-analytical approaches to examine the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 41 of 2009, Presidential Regulation No. 59 of 2019, ministerial decisions on LSD designation, and relevant legal literature. The findings show that LSD is not an isolated spatial-planning instrument, but a constitutional policy designed to accelerate LP2B protection, restrain agricultural land conversion, and strengthen national food sovereignty. Law No. 41 of 2009 and Presidential Regulation No. 59 of 2019 are normatively aligned because both derive their validity from the constitutional mandate to secure public welfare and the right to food. However, implementation still faces serious challenges, especially mismatch between central LSD maps and local LP2B/spatial plans, uncertainty for business actors, and administrative consequences for land already used before LSD designation. Therefore, responsive legal politics requires synchronization of spatial data, participatory verification, proportional dispute settlement, and balanced protection between food-security interests and legal certainty for citizens.
Kejelasan Rumusan Delik Pasal 454 KUHP: Analisis Berdasarkan Prinsip Lex Certa Andi Fathurrahman; Muhammad Fathir Al Farisi; Fajar Bakti Tolanda
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/4p79h797

Abstract

This study examines the formulation of the criminal offense under Article 454 of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), which prohibits taking away or absconding with a child or woman by unlawful means. The enactment of the new Criminal Code marks an important step in reforming Indonesia's criminal law system; however, several provisions, including Article 454, contain broad and open-textured phrases such as "membawa pergi" (taking away), "melarikan" (absconding), and "tipu muslihat" (deceitful means) that are not accompanied by clear definitional boundaries. This ambiguity raises concerns regarding compliance with the lex certa principle, a fundamental element of the legality principle requiring criminal norms to be formulated clearly, precisely, and without multiple interpretations. This research is a normative legal study employing statutory and conceptual approaches, with legal materials analyzed qualitatively through a prescriptive method. The findings indicate that Article 454 has not fully satisfied the lex certa principle, as its elastic wording opens the article to divergent interpretations by law enforcement officers and judges, creating the risk of "rubber article" (pasal karet) practices, judicial disparity, and potential overcriminalization of conduct that properly belongs to the private or social sphere. The study concludes that clearer definitional limits, whether through implementing regulations, enforcement guidelines, or the development of jurisprudence, together with a restrictive interpretive approach by law enforcement officers, are necessary to ensure that the application of Article 454 remains consistent with the principle of legal certainty.
Kedudukan Balai Harta Peninggalan Semarang dalam Melindungi Orang dibawah Pengampuan Giffary Dwi Satrio; Endang Heriyani
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/e58xsk62

Abstract

This study aims to determine the position of the Semarang Orphans’ Chamber in fulfilling its function as a supervisory conservator, as well as to identify the obstacles faced in providing legal protection for persons under conservatorship. This study is normative legal research. The research data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques were conducted through document studies and in-depth interviews with the Associate Civil Curator (Kurator Keperdataan Ahli Madya) of BHP Semarang. The secondary data obtained were then analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results indicate that BHP Semarang holds a strategic position as a supervisory conservator based on Article 449 in conjunction with Article 452 of the Indonesian Civil Code and the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 7 of 2021. This position is manifested through three main roles: a supervisory role (monitoring the conservator's performance and auditing annual reports), a protective role (granting approval for crucial legal actions through authentic deeds), and a corrective role (proposing the revocation or replacement of the conservator to the court if irregularities are found). However, the effectiveness of this protection is still constrained by regulatory weaknesses, limited human resources and operational budgets, as well as low public legal awareness.
Putusan Pailit Indonesia Melintasi Batas Negara: Kegagalan Eksekusi Aset Luar Negeri dalam Kekosongan Cross-Border Insolvency Fryandi Simanullang; M. Tajudin Nur; Halomoan Purba; Norma Yulita Sari
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/3wrhge68

Abstract

This study examines the effectiveness of Indonesian bankruptcy judgments in reaching debtors’ assets located abroad and identifies the structural gaps affecting cross-border insolvency administration. It employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Judicial decisions issued in 2023–2024 were selected purposively based on their availability in the Supreme Court Decision Directory, representation of bankruptcy and suspension-of-debt-payment proceedings, availability of official texts or metadata, and relevance to estate administration and creditor recovery. The analysis shows that the phrase “all assets of the debtor” in Article 21 of Law Number 37 of 2004 provides broad normative coverage, while Articles 16 and 69 are not accompanied by operational mechanisms for access to foreign courts, recognition of proceedings, relief, and court-to-court cooperation. Doing Business 2020 is therefore used only as a measure of domestic procedural efficiency, not as direct evidence of cross-border enforcement capacity. A comparison with the United States, Singapore, and the United Kingdom indicates that Indonesia can adopt procedural elements concerning access, recognition, relief, cooperation, public policy, and creditor protection, while adjusting creditor priorities, court structure, and domestic doctrines to the national legal system. In Re PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk [2024] SGHC(I) 1 demonstrates that an Indonesian proceeding may obtain recognition under the law of the forum, but also reveals an institutional asymmetry because Indonesia lacks an equivalent reciprocal mechanism. The study proposes the Cross-Border Insolvency Gap Framework, comprising normative-scope, access, recognition-relief, coordination, and institutional-enforcement gaps, and recommends the gradual adoption of the UNCITRAL Model Law alongside stronger judicial and trustee capacity.
Benturan Hukum Waris di Indonesia: Waris Islam, Waris Adat dan Waris Perdata Anita Prawardani; Hasibatul Isniar Sepbrina Pratiwi S; Syaifudin Syaifudin
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/shy6r129

Abstract

Hukum kewarisan di Indonesia, yang mengalami pluralisme sistem, sering kali menimbulkan konflik sosial dan konflik yuridis di masyarakat, khususnya terkait benturan antara hukum waris adat, waris Islam, dan waris undang-undang. Keberadaan ketiga sistem waris tersebut memberikan keleluasaan bagi masyarakat untuk menerapkan hukum sesuai dengan latar belakang agama, adat istiadat, maupun undang-undang yang berlaku secara nasional. Benturan ini biasanya terjadi dalam hal penentuan sistem hukum yang sesuai dengan masyarakat setempat, kedudukan ahli waris, besaran bagian warisan serta mekanisme pembagian harta peninggalan, khususnya pada keluarga yang memiliki latar belakang budaya berbeda, perkawinan campuran maupun masyarakat yang masih memegang hukum adat tetapi terikat pada ketentuan hukum nasional dan hukum Islam. Hukum waris adat sangat dipengaruhi oleh sistem kekerabatan yang sering kita dengar, yaitu sistem patrilineal, matrilineal, dan bilateral, serta mengutamakan kesepakatan dan kerukunan dalam keluarga. Hukum waris Islam menetapkan porsi mutlak (faraidh) yang sah berdasarkan kedekatan hubungan darah serta keturunan laki-laki maupun perempuan. Sedangkan hukum waris dalam Undang-Undang Perdata (KUHPerdata) mengutamakan prinsip persamaan hak tanpa membedakan jenis kelamin maupun urutan kelahiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk benturan hukum waris antara waris adat, waris Islam dan waris undang-undang serta mengkaji upaya penyelesaian yang dapat memberikan kepastian hukum, keadilan dan kemanfaatan bagi para pihak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan melakukan pendekatan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) serta pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Data yang digunakan berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian benturan hukum ini memerlukan ketegasan pilihan hukum yang telah disepakati oleh para pihak, optimalisasi peran dari lembaga peradilan serta diperlukan pendekatan jalur non-litigasi melalui mediasi demi menjaga keharmonisan dalam bermasyarakat
Ambiguitas Status Korban dan Pelaku Pekerja Paksa Siber Lintas Negara dalam Hukum Pidana Internasional Athian Farid Baihaqi
Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Agustus | HAKIM: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/feaz4p48

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology has given rise to a new transnational crime pattern in which organized cross-border cybercrime syndicates force trafficking victims to carry out online fraud, including romance scams and fraudulent investment schemes. This phenomenon places law enforcement officers in a difficult position when determining whether an individual apprehended in such operations is a perpetrator of cybercrime or a victim of exploitation compelled to commit the offense. This research descriptively analyzes that confusion by drawing on the Palermo Protocol and several international human rights instruments. Using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study finds that Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol provides a framework for victim identification through the elements of act, means, and purpose of exploitation, yet the Protocol does not explicitly regulate the non-punishment principle, leaving its application dependent on derivative instruments such as the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons and international human rights law. The victim-perpetrator ambiguity can be minimized through the application of coercion, absence of reasonable alternative, and proportionality criteria, alongside strengthened early identification capacity among cross-border law enforcement agencies. This study recommends harmonizing national law with the non-punishment principle and strengthening international legal cooperation to reach the organizers who control these syndicates.

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