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Acta Solum
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29875145     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20527/actasolum.v1i2
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Acta Solum is a journal that publishes authoritative and original refereed articles on topics relevant to soil science. Acta Solum encourages the exchange of information between environmental managers, pure and applied scientists, and national and international authorities on soil science.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Tanah
Articles 120 Documents
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Exploration of Bacteria in Red Chili Plant Soil with Potential as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Miladiarsi Miladiarsi; Muhammad Rizal; Padil Wijaya
Acta Solum Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v3i3.3419

Abstract

Soil fertility depends on the availability of sufficient nutrients for plant absorption. Chemical fertilizers can be used to provide sufficient N and P, but this affects soil health. The presence of rhizobacteria act as biofertilizers by increasing nutrients and altering soil formation, especially in the phosphate and nitrogen cycles. Phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria play a role in increasing soil fertility and improving unstable soil properties. This study aims to identify rhizobacteria that have the potential as PGPR to increase N and P levels in the soil. Soil samples were collected randomly at a depth of 10 cm around chili plant roots. Bacteria were isolated using serial dilution and cultured on Pikovskaya medium. A total of 27 isolates produced clear zones with the highest solubility index and were inoculated on Nitrogen-Free Bromthymol Blue Agar (NFB) to evaluate N fixation through a color change from green to blue, as well as hypersensitivity tests on tobacco plants. Isolates showing the highest P solubility, highest N fixation ability, and no necrosis in tobacco were inoculated into sterile soil to analyze compound changes. Soil N content was measured using the Kjeldahl method, while phosphate levels were analyzed using the Bray I and HCl methods. The results of the study showed that the addition of KE2.15 isolate to the soil after 4 weeks of application increased the total organic N and available P content, making it a potential biofertilizer.
Potential of Trace Elements in Volcanic Highlands: Geogenic Sources and Their Implications for Productivity Imas Masithoh Devangsari; Benito Heru Purwanto
Acta Solum Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v3i3.3443

Abstract

This study investigates the mineralogical composition and trace element potential of volcanic highland soils in Kejajar District, Wonosobo, Central Java, an area that has experienced long-term horticultural intensification. Volcanic Andisols in this region are known for high fertility but also carry risks of trace element accumulation due to complex mineralogy and intensive land use. Bulk powder X-ray diffraction identified feldspar, epidote, apatite, pyrite, and clay minerals, which may release essential (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn) and toxic (Cd, Pb, As) elements through natural weathering and agricultural activities. Results show that horticultural soils on 9–15% slopes exhibited the highest HCl 25%-extractable P (224.70 mg/100 g). At the same time, shrubland soils also displayed high values (179.74 mg/100 g), indicating contributions from both fertilizer and geogenic sources. Although horticultural soils had higher chemical fertility, the shrubland maintained better physical (bulk density, 0.78 g/cm³) and biological quality (soil respiration, 36.48 mg C/kg/day). Productivity trends further highlight risks: cabbage yields declined by 41% (2020–2023), and potato production dropped by 11% (2017–2021). These findings demonstrate the dual role of geogenic and anthropogenic inputs in shaping soil quality and productivity. Sustainable management requires integrated strategies, including trace element monitoring, pH regulation, organic matter enhancement, and the use of low-contaminant fertilizers, to ensure long-term agroecosystem resilience in volcanic highlands.
Characterization and Classification of Soils under Various Land Use Types in Dalisodo Village, Wagir Sub-District, Malang Regency Wilujeng, Retno; Widowati, Widowati
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3382

Abstract

This study aims to examine the physical and chemical properties of soil, morphology, and soil classification in Dalisodo Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency, and their implications for land management. Observations were conducted at three locations representing different land-use types: Napier grass monoculture, coffee agroforestry, and open grass. Soil morphology was described in the field, while physical and chemical analyses were conducted using standard laboratory methods. The results indicate that the soil is predominantly clay-textured, with a granular to subangular blocky structure, an acidic pH, and a very low to moderate organic carbon content. N, P, and K levels vary from low to moderate, CEC ranges from moderate to high, and base saturation ranges from low to very high. Soil classification reveals a dominance of Inceptisols and Vertisols in Udic soil moisture regimes, with soil profiles characterized by Typic Hapluderts (Point 1), Dystric Eutrudepts (Point 2), and Chromic Hapluderts (Point 3). These findings provide important information for land management, as vertisols require attention to drainage, water retention, and liming to optimize productivity. Inceptisols require organic amendments and soil fertility management to support sustainable agricultural or agroforestry systems. Emphasis on soil classification helps determine appropriate land management strategies, improves fertilizer efficiency, and supports the sustainability of the region’s agricultural ecosystem.
USLE‑Based Spatial Analysis of Soil Erosion Risk in the Brangkal Sub‑Watershed, Mojokerto Harliando, Dimas Prabowo; Noviana, Zumrotun Yogi; Mufadhila, Ulfa Rizkika; Belia, Dewi Shasa
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3438

Abstract

Soil erosion in upland watersheds reduces land productivity, degrades water quality, and threatens ecological services, particularly in areas undergoing tourism‑driven land‑use change. This study quantified and mapped soil erosion in the Brangkal Sub-Watershed, with a focus on the Pacet Hills tourism area in Mojokerto, East Java. The study employed the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) in combination with ArcGIS, incorporating rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length–steepness (LS), land cover (C), and conservation practice (P). Rainfall erosivity was derived from five‑year precipitation records using the Lenvain method, soil erodibility from laboratory‑analyzed texture and organic matter, LS from a 30 m DEM, and CP from land‑use classification adjusted with field observations. All factors were rasterized and multiplied cell‑by‑cell in ArcGIS to generate annual soil loss estimates and hazard maps. Results indicated annual soil loss between 7.24 and 1922.75 ton ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, with severe erosion concentrated in steep, intensively cultivated upper‑catchment zones where LS and CP values are high. Field‑derived and reference K values were in close agreement, validating the reliability of hotspot identification. Soils, dominated by Andisols and Inceptisols, exhibited moderate to high erodibility, especially under reduced vegetation cover. Recommended management priorities are vegetative reinforcement, structural slope stabilization, nutrient and pH correction, and land‑use zoning to minimize disturbances in high‑risk areas. The integration of USLE and GIS provides a robust framework for prioritizing conservation actions that protect soil resources while sustaining the ecological and tourism value of Pacet Hills.
Englis Rahman, Fahmi Arief; Septya Wulan, Vinda Nur; Suryawati, Sinar; Yuhardi, Erick; Supriyadi, Slamet
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3536

Abstract

Bojonegoro Regency is one of the rice-producing areas but is prone to drought, as occurred in 2019-2020. Remote sensing is a solution for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the impact of drought. The study aimed to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of drought in Bojonegoro Regency in 2023. This study utilizes GEE, a cloud-based computing platform used to analyze land cover parameters, rainfall, LST, NDVI, NDWI, and NDDI. The results showed that rainfall in Bojonegoro varies, with the highest levels occurring in January-March and the lowest levels, marking the peak of the drought, in July-September. The LST category is very high and evenly distributed across the entire region from July to December. The average NDVI values obtained from July to December fall into the moderate category, but in some locations, they fall into the low vegetation category. NDWI classification falls into the moderate category from July to December. Meanwhile, the peak of drought (NDDI) occurs from July to December. This study is useful for supporting drought mitigation and adaptation strategies for farmers in Bojonegoro Regency based on spatial and temporal patterns.
Comparison of Soil Physical Properties in Rice Fields under Conventional and Mulch-No-Tillage Systems Kesumawati, Dika; Haris, Abdul
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3456

Abstract

Comparing different land management systems is crucial for understanding their impact on soil physical properties and rice productivity. This research was conducted in Bangkal Village, Banjarbaru City, as part of the Udara Bersih Indonesia program, which promotes the Mulch No-Tillage  system. The study aimed to compare the effects of no-tillage with organic mulch (MNT) and conventional tillage (CT) on soil physical properties and rice yield within a 0.5 ha area under similar environmental conditions. Twelve samples were collected from each land type and analyzed using a quantitative comparative approach with an independent t-test. Parameters observed included water-stable aggregates, bulk density, field water content, COLE index, and rice yield. The results showed that MNT had significantly higher water-stable aggregates (53.05%) than CT (42.85%), as well as a higher field water content (94.94%) compared to CT (68.71%). The COLE index under MNT was lower (0.06; medium category) compared to CT (0.20; very high category), indicating lower shrink–swell potential and better soil stability. Bulk density showed no significant difference between MNT (0.81 g cm-³) and CT (0.88 g cm-³), possibly due to the short implementation period of MNT. Rice yields under MNT reached 4.5 ton/ha and 6.5 ton/ha, while CT produced 3.0 ton ha-1 and 3.6 ton ha-1 during the two planting periods. This study strengthens the empirical evidence that the no-tillage system with organic mulch can improve soil physical quality and enhance agricultural productivity, providing a more sustainable and resilient approach to managing tropical paddy soils.
Respons Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung Manis serta Sifat Kimia Tanah Alfisol terhadap Aplikasi Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik Gumilang, Bardhian Cahyo Aji; Syamsiyah, Jauhari; Faiz, Muhammad Ziaul Haq; Pamungkas, Aditya Fajar; Elena, Amanda; Akmam, Raihana Dzatul; Ramadhani, Maheswari Putri; Fatikha, Zahwa Aliyatul; Nisa, Zahwa Khoirun
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3488

Abstract

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value and increasing market demand in Indonesia. However, national sweet corn productivity remains low compared to its genetic potential due to limited soil fertility, especially in Alfisols. To overcome this issue, this study aims to examine the effect of various fertilizers on the growth and yield of sweet corn, as well as changes in the chemical properties of Alfisols. The research method employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor and four treatments: control (without additional fertilizer), NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer, cow manure, and a combination of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and cow manure, each replicated three times. Plant growth and yield data (plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, ear weight, ear number, ear diameter, husked ear weight, and fresh weight) and soil chemical properties (pH, organic C, N, P, K) were analyzed using ANOVA followed by a 5% DMRT. The results showed that the combination of NPK 15-15-15 and cow manure produced the best growth and yield with an average plant height of 183.5 cm and ear length of 35 cm. These findings indicate that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers has the potential to improve sweet corn productivity and contribute to the soil's chemical quality in Alfisols.
The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Tofu Factory and Local Microorganisms from Banana Stems of Ultisols Aidil Fitri, Siti Nurul; Napoleon, Adipati; Hermawan, Agus; Bakri, Bakri; Paserena, Karinda Dwi; Pratama, Moch Aziz
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3523

Abstract

Ultisol is a type of soil that requires processing before agricultural activities can be carried out due to its acidic pH and low nutrient content, necessitating proper treatment. Processing that can be done is by applying liquid organic fertilizer to Ultisol, as it provides nutrients according to plant needs and increases soil fertility. This study aims to understand the effect of the application of liquid organic fertilizer from tofu factory waste and local microorganisms from banana stems on N, P, K, and soil C/N ratio in Ultisols, and find out the best dosage of liquid organic fertilizer from tofu factory waste in increasing Soil N, P, K values ​​and C/N ratio in Ultisols. This research activity started from July to September 2024. This study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replicates, resulting in 24 experimental units. The results showed that the liquid organic fertilizer treatment had a significant effect on available K levels and had no significant effect on total N, available P, and the C/N ratio of the soil in Ultisols. The best value obtained in the liquid organic fertilizer treatment was at a dose of 500 ml, which had an total N value of 0.19%, available P of 24.26 mg kg-1, available K of 1.60 cmol kg-1, and a soil C/N ratio of 15.27. Based on this research, it is suggested that to increase the availability of N, P, and K soil nutrients, it is necessary to provide liquid organic fertilizers with inorganic N, P, and K fertilizers.
Pupuk Organik Cair Berbasis Limbah Pisang Meningkatkan Kesuburan Tanah dan Ketersediaan Hara pada Budidaya Lada Perdu Secara Terapung Salsabila, Nadhira Ghea; Bernas, Siti Masreah
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3526

Abstract

Shrub pepper (Piper albi Linn) is a nutrient-demanding plant that requires additional fertilization to achieve optimal growth, especially in floating cultivation systems where nutrient availability is limited. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) derived from banana waste offers a sustainable alternative to enhance soil fertility and plant performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of banana-waste-based LOF on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen in soil and plant tissue, and the vegetative growth of shrub pepper (Piper albi Linn). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two treatments: P0 (0 mL plant⁻¹) and P1 (50 mL plant⁻¹), applied weekly throughout the experimental period. The application of LOF significantly increased soil organic carbon and total nitrogen compared with the control. The P1 resulted in the highest soil organic carbon and nitrogen and enhanced nitrogen uptake. Furthermore, LOF application increased vegetative growth, particularly leaf number, indicating a positive response to increased nutrient availability. In conclusion, banana-waste-based LOF efficiently provides essential nutrients and improves soil fertility in floating cultivation systems. The findings highlight its potential as an environmentally friendly soil amendment to support sustainable production of shrub pepper (Piper albi Linn) and reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers.
Assessing Land-Use Driven Soil Degradation Potential and Biomass Production Dynamics in the Corogrojong Sub Sub-Watershed, Malang, Indonesia Nurhutami, Shofie Rindi; Sakti, Muchammad Bima Gegana; Sa’diyah, Zenny Faridatus
Acta Solum Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/actasolum.v4i1.3527

Abstract

Soil degradation poses a critical threat to agriculture and ecosystem sustainability in tropical watersheds. This study focuses on the Corogrojong Sub-Sub-Watershed, located in Indonesia's Upper Brantas Basin, to assess soil degradation potential using GIS-based analysis combined with biophysical parameters such as land use, slope gradient, annual rainfall, and soil type. A weighted overlay method was applied to map soil degradation potential and recommend mitigation strategies for sustainable biomass production. The findings show that only 9.9% (59.06 ha) of the area is classified as having very low degradation potential, while the remaining 90.1% falls under low to moderate potential, with low-potential areas covering 39.7% (235.69 ha) and moderate-potential areas 50.4% (299.37 ha). Despite the challenging terrain—where steep slopes (>40%) cover 46% of the area and highly erodible Andisols dominate 77.7%—the presence of agroforestry and forest systems significantly reduces degradation potential. However, this balance remains fragile, as the watershed’s stability relies on the preservation of these systems. Any loss of green cover due to land conversion could lead to extensive soil degradation. To mitigate this, the study proposes a zonal approach: active conservation efforts, including terracing, vetiver grass planting, and riparian filter strips in moderate-potential zones, and incentive-based mechanisms, such as Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES), in lower-potential areas to prevent land-use change. This study provides based for sustainable land management policies that harmonize agricultural development with ecosystem protection in the Upper Brantas Basin.

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