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Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29883237     EISSN : 29883237     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjim
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine (SJIM) focused on the development of medical sciences especially internal medicine for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine (SJIM) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of internal medicine and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case reports, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Internal
Articles 25 Documents
 1   2   3 
Risk Factors for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Angiography in Taiwan: A Multicenter Analysis John Hwang; Michelle Kim
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.16

Abstract

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a serious complication following coronary angiography (CAG) that can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Identifying risk factors for CIN is crucial for risk stratification and implementing preventive strategies. This multicenter study aimed to investigate the independent predictors of CIN in Taiwanese patients undergoing elective CAG. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent elective CAG at three tertiary medical centers in Taiwan between January 2019 and December 2023. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% from baseline within 48-72 hours post-procedure. Demographic, clinical, and procedural data were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of CIN. Results: A total of 3,850 patients were included in the study. The overall incidence of CIN was 7.8% (n=300). Independent predictors of CIN included age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05, p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.35-2.58, p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR 3.65, 95% CI 2.58-5.16, p<0.001), anemia (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.12-2.34, p=0.01), contrast volume (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, p=0.02), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.21-2.53, p=0.003). Conclusion: Age, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, anemia, contrast volume, and reduced LVEF were independent predictors of CIN in Taiwanese patients undergoing elective CAG. These findings highlight the importance of careful patient selection and risk mitigation strategies to minimize the occurrence of CIN in this population.
Changing Trends in Uropathogen Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Nairobi, Kenya: A Longitudinal Study Darren Smith; Aysah Jalal
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.17

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to investigate the changing trends in uropathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns in Nairobi, Kenya, over a five-year period. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted using laboratory records from three major hospitals in Nairobi. Data on uropathogens isolated from urine cultures and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were collected from January 2018 to December 2023. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 12,475 urine cultures were analyzed. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (48.2%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.6%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (12.5%), Proteus mirabilis (8.7%), and Enterococcus faecalis (7.1%). A significant increase in the prevalence of K. pneumoniae (p<0.001) and a decrease in E. coli (p=0.023) were observed over the study period. Resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics, including ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, increased significantly for most uropathogens. Multidrug resistance was observed in 32.1% of isolates, with a significant increase over time (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study highlights the dynamic nature of uropathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns in Nairobi. The increasing prevalence of K. pneumoniae and the rise of multidrug resistance pose a serious threat to public health. Conclusion: surveillance and the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs are crucial to guide empirical treatment and preserve the effectiveness of available antibiotics.
Genetic Predisposition to Cardiac Conduction Defects in a Multi-Ethnic Population: A Case-Control Study in Palembang, Indonesia Hidayat, Rachmat
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.18

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac conduction defects (CCDs) represent a significant global health burden, contributing to morbidity and mortality. While environmental and lifestyle factors are recognized contributors, genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in their development. This study aimed to investigate the association between specific genetic variants and CCDs in the diverse multi-ethnic population of Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 200 cases with CCDs (atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, sick sinus syndrome) and 200 age- and sex-matched controls from Palembang, Indonesia. Participants underwent detailed clinical evaluations, electrocardiography, and genotyping for selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with CCDs. These SNPs were located in genes encoding ion channels (SCN5A, KCNQ1, KCNH2), connexin proteins (GJA1, GJA5), and transcription factors (NKX2-5, TBX5). Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between SNPs and CCDs, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking status. Results: Several SNPs showed significant associations with CCDs in the Palembang population. The SCN5A rs1805124 variant was associated with an increased risk of atrioventricular block (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.12-3.05, p=0.016). The KCNQ1 rs1801252 polymorphism was linked to a higher risk of bundle branch block (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.30-3.40, p=0.002). Additionally, the GJA5 rs10453535 variant was associated with an increased risk of sick sinus syndrome (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05-2.82, p=0.031). These associations remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the genetic predisposition to CCDs in the multi-ethnic population of Palembang, Indonesia. Specific SNPs in SCN5A, KCNQ1, and GJA5 genes were associated with increased risks of various CCDs. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis of CCDs and may have implications for risk stratification and personalized management strategies.
A Comparative Study of Traditional Kashmiri Remedies and Modern Medical Management for Constipation in Srinagar, India Shellem Mishra; Karina Jawali
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.19

Abstract

Introduction: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder with various causes, significantly impacting quality of life. In Srinagar, India, traditional Kashmiri remedies are frequently employed alongside or as an alternative to modern medical management for constipation. This study aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction associated with these two approaches. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 200 adult participants diagnosed with functional constipation in Srinagar. Participants were randomly allocated to either a traditional Kashmiri remedies group (n=100) or a modern medical management group (n=100). The traditional remedies group received individualized herbal formulations and dietary recommendations based on traditional Kashmiri medicine principles. The modern medical management group received standard treatments, including lifestyle advice, fiber supplements, and laxatives. The primary outcome was the change in weekly bowel movement frequency. Secondary outcomes included constipation symptom severity, quality of life, patient satisfaction, and adverse events. Data were collected at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in weekly bowel movement frequency, constipation symptom severity, and quality of life. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in the primary or secondary outcomes. Patient satisfaction was high in both groups, with a slight preference for traditional remedies due to perceived naturalness and fewer side effects. Conclusion: Both traditional Kashmiri remedies and modern medical management are effective in managing constipation in Srinagar. The choice of treatment should be individualized based on patient preferences, access to care, and cost considerations. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and optimal integration of these approaches.
Regulation of Erythropoietin Expression in High-Altitude Populations in Mexico: A Comprehensive Study Fransisco Guezada; Jaime Florez-Diaz
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i1.20

Abstract

Introduction: High altitude exposure triggers physiological responses to compensate for reduced oxygen availability. Erythropoietin (EPO), a key hormone regulating red blood cell production, plays a crucial role in this adaptation. This study investigated the regulation of EPO expression in Mexican populations residing at high altitudes, examining the influence of genetic factors, altitude levels, and physiological parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 400 healthy adults residing at varying altitudes in Mexico (2,240 m to 3,500 m above sea level). Participants were stratified by altitude and genotyped for EPO gene polymorphisms. Serum EPO levels, hematological parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed to assess associations between EPO levels, genetic variants, altitude, and physiological parameters. Results: Serum EPO levels were significantly elevated in high-altitude residents compared to those residing at lower altitudes (p<0.001). Specific EPO gene polymorphisms were associated with variations in EPO levels (p=0.025). Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell count showed a positive correlation with altitude and EPO levels (p<0.001). SpO2 negatively correlated with altitude and EPO levels (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors in regulating EPO expression in high-altitude populations in Mexico. Our findings highlight the adaptive mechanisms crucial for maintaining oxygen homeostasis at high altitudes and provide insights into the individual variability in response to hypoxic conditions.
Risk Factors for Hemoptysis in Ethiopia: A Hospital Based and Case-Control Study Ingbar, Corey
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i2.74

Abstract

Introduction: Hemoptysis, the expectoration of blood from the lower respiratory tract, is a prevalent symptom with diverse etiologies. While global data on risk factors exists, information specific to the Ethiopian context is limited. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with hemoptysis in Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at three tertiary hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from January 2022 to December 2022. Cases were patients aged ≥18 years presenting with hemoptysis. Controls were age- and sex-matched individuals attending the same hospitals for non-respiratory conditions. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical record review. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. Results: A total of 400 participants (200 cases and 200 controls) were included. The mean age was 42.5 years (SD ± 15.2). Independent risk factors for hemoptysis included: previous history of tuberculosis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.8, 95% CI 2.9-7.9), current smoking (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.8-5.7), biomass fuel exposure (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.5), and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.7). HIV infection was not independently associated with hemoptysis in this study (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.7-2.4). Conclusion: This study identified previous tuberculosis, smoking, biomass fuel exposure, and COPD as independent risk factors for hemoptysis in Ethiopia. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions, including smoking cessation programs, improved indoor air quality, and early detection and management of tuberculosis and COPD, to reduce the burden of hemoptysis in Ethiopia.
Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Decline in Chinese Elderly Singaporeans: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Veronica Lee; Nazhir Adam
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i2.75

Abstract

Introduction: Cognitive decline is a growing public health concern, especially among aging populations. Diet is a modifiable factor that can influence brain health. This study investigated the longitudinal association between dietary patterns and cognitive decline in Chinese elderly Singaporeans. Methods: A cohort of 1,500 community-dwelling Chinese adults aged ≥60 years in Singapore was followed for 6 years. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was evaluated at baseline and biennially using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery assessing memory, attention, executive function, and language. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the association between dietary patterns and cognitive trajectories, adjusting for confounders. Results: Three dietary patterns emerged: "Traditional Chinese" (high in rice, vegetables, and fish), "Western" (high in red meat, processed foods, and sugary drinks), and "Prudent" (high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy). Adherence to the "Prudent" pattern was associated with a slower decline in global cognition, memory, and executive function. The "Western" pattern was associated with a faster decline in memory and executive function. The "Traditional Chinese" pattern was not significantly associated with cognitive decline. Conclusion: A "Prudent" dietary pattern may protect against cognitive decline in elderly Chinese Singaporeans. Promoting healthy dietary habits may be an effective strategy for preserving cognitive function and promoting healthy aging.
The Impact of GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide) on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in the Spanish Population: A Longitudinal Study Isabella Alvarez; Daniel Perez
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i2.76

Abstract

Introduction: Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone with a complex role in glucose homeostasis. While it stimulates insulin secretion, it has also been implicated in adiposity and potentially in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between GIP levels and the development of T2DM in a Spanish cohort. Methods: We followed 1,200 non-diabetic Spanish adults (aged 40-65 years) for 10 years. Baseline measurements included anthropometric data, fasting GIP levels, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), and lifestyle factors. Incident T2DM cases were identified through OGTT and medical records. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between GIP and T2DM risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: During the follow-up, 187 participants developed T2DM. Baseline GIP levels were significantly higher in individuals who developed T2DM compared to those who remained non-diabetic (p<0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, family history of diabetes, physical activity, and dietary habits, elevated GIP levels were independently associated with an increased risk of T2DM (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.87, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.32-2.65). Furthermore, GIP levels showed a stronger predictive value for T2DM development than fasting glucose levels. Conclusion: Elevated GIP levels are an independent predictor of T2DM development in the Spanish population. This finding highlights the potential role of GIP in the pathogenesis of T2DM and suggests that GIP could be a valuable therapeutic target for diabetes prevention.
Modulation of ACE2 Glycosylation as a Therapeutic Target for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Chinese Populations Fangyin Chou; Wei Tang
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i2.77

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has presented a significant global health challenge. The virus utilizes the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for host cell entry, a process mediated by the viral spike protein. Glycosylation of ACE2 plays a crucial role in this interaction. This study investigates the potential of modulating ACE2 glycosylation as a therapeutic strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection, specifically focusing on Chinese populations. Methods: A multi-faceted approach was employed. Bioinformatic analysis of ACE2 glycosylation patterns in Chinese populations was conducted using publicly available genomic data. In vitro experiments were performed using human cell lines expressing different ACE2 glycoforms to assess the impact of glycosylation on viral binding and entry. Clinical data from a cohort of Chinese COVID-19 patients were analyzed to correlate ACE2 glycosylation profiles with disease severity and outcomes. Results: Bioinformatic analysis revealed distinct ACE2 glycosylation patterns in the Chinese population compared to other global populations. In vitro experiments demonstrated that specific ACE2 glycoforms significantly influenced SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding and viral entry efficiency. Clinical data analysis showed a correlation between certain ACE2 glycosylation profiles and increased disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Modulation of ACE2 glycosylation represents a promising avenue for developing novel therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Chinese populations. Further research is needed to translate these findings into clinical applications, including developing targeted therapies that can alter ACE2 glycosylation to reduce viral entry and disease severity.
Comparative Effectiveness of KDIGO 2021 versus Previous Blood Pressure Targets on Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Palembang, Indonesia Jonah Abraham; Andhika Kurnianta Kusuma
Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjim.v1i2.78

Abstract

Introduction: The 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend lower blood pressure (BP) targets for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients compared to previous guidelines. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of achieving KDIGO 2021 BP targets versus previous targets on renal outcomes in CKD patients in Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving CKD patients (stages 1-5, not on dialysis) attending a tertiary hospital in Palembang from January 2018 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups: those achieving KDIGO 2021 BP targets (<120/80 mmHg) and those achieving previous targets (<130/80 mmHg). The primary outcome was a composite of renal events including a 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), or renal death. Secondary outcomes included individual components of the composite outcome and all-cause mortality. Data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 860 CKD patients were included (mean age 58.2 ± 12.5 years, 52% male). 345 patients achieved KDIGO 2021 BP targets, while 515 achieved previous targets. Over a median follow-up of 3.8 years, the primary composite outcome occurred in 187 patients (21.7%). The incidence rate of the primary outcome was significantly lower in the KDIGO 2021 group (15.6 per 1000 person-years) compared to the previous targets group (27.2 per 1000 person-years) (p=0.003). After adjusting for potential confounders, achieving KDIGO 2021 BP targets was independently associated with a lower risk of the primary outcome (hazard ratio [HR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0.83, p=0.004). Similar findings were observed for individual components of the composite outcome and all-cause mortality. Conclusion: Achieving KDIGO 2021 BP targets was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of adverse renal outcomes and all-cause mortality in CKD patients in Palembang. These findings support the implementation of the updated KDIGO guidelines in this population.

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