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Eko Risdianto
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development
Published by CV Media Inti Teknologi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29879671     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58723/ijhrd.v1i2.99
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development with E-ISSN: 2987-9671 is a journal managed by CV Media Inti Teknologi. Publish articles on Research activities in the fields of : 1. Nursing 2. Medicine 3. Pharmacy 4. Health Innovation 5. Kebidanan (Bostetrics) 6. Healthy Education 7. Nutrition and Food 8. Health Administration 9. health promotion 10. Physiotherapy 11. Radiology 12. Stunting 13. Health Technology. 14. Sanitation.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 52 Documents
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Addressing Counterfeit Medicines and Community Risk: Insights from South African Spaza Shops Willie, Michael Mncedisi; Athandile Hadebe
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/ijhrd.v4i1.593

Abstract

Background: Governance and regulatory enforcement in South Africa reveal complex interactions among formal legal frameworks, operational capacity, and informal market practices. While deliberative processes, such as public consultations on the draft Traditional Courts Regulations, demonstrate transparency and inclusivity, interventions in the healthcare sector are often reactive, triggered by crises such as food contamination fatalities and the sale of illegal medicines. This contrast underscores disparities in institutional capacity and sectoral prioritisation.Objectives: This paper investigated regulatory gaps and enforcement challenges in informal medicine markets, with a focus on spaza shops. The focus was on structural, operational, and social factors influencing the circulation of counterfeit, expired, and improperly stored medicines, and explores how governance, public service delivery, and community dynamics interact to affect public health outcomes.Methods: A qualitative case-study approach guided this research, focusing on the analysis of secondary data sources and qualitative literature. Purposive selection of documents and reports included government communications, regulatory guidelines, parliamentary hearing transcripts, media coverage, and peer-reviewed studies, ensuring that the sources provided rich insights into governance, regulatory enforcement, and informal pharmaceutical practices.Findings: Systemic gaps exist between regulatory intent and operational reality. Although legal frameworks restrict the dispensing of scheduled medicines to licensed pharmacies and authorised health professionals, widespread non-compliance persists in township spaza shops.Conclusion: Effective mitigation of counterfeit and illegally sold medicines requires an integrated, multi-dimensional approach that strengthens regulatory oversight, secures supply chains, mobilises community engagement, and leverages technological monitoring. The proposed Integrated Regulatory-Community Framework for Counterfeit Medicines in Spaza Shops (IRCF-CMSS) aligns formal legislation with practical enforcement and social realities, promoting sustained compliance, enhanced public safety, and institutional trust.
A Coverage of Maternal Health Checks Before Discharge in Cambodia: A Population-Based Analysis of the 2021-22 Demographic and Health Survey: Evidence from the 2021–22 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey YEM, Sokha
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/ijhrd.v4i1.599

Abstract

Abstract Background: The immediate postpartum period represents a critical window for preventing maternal morbidity and mortality. In Cambodia, facility delivery rates reached 93.9% by 2021-22, yet whether essential quality-of-care processes such as maternal health assessment before discharge are consistently implemented remains uncertain. This study aimed to estimate national coverage of maternal health checks before discharge and quantify missed opportunities among facility deliveries. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2021-22 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS), including women aged 15-49 with a most recent live birth in the preceding 24 months (n=3,348 unweighted). The primary outcome was whether maternal health was checked before discharge. Weighted prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated overall and stratified by sociodemographic and delivery characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with missed checks among facility deliveries. Results: Nationally, 91.0% of women (95% CI: 89.6-92.2) reported a maternal health check before discharge. Among the 93.9% who delivered in facilities, 91.0% received a check, leaving 9.0% as missed opportunities. Substantial geographic disparities were observed, with coverage ranging from 82.4% in some regions to 96.8% in others. Women with no education (adjusted OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.45-5.76), rural residence (aOR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.12-2.49), and those in the poorest wealth quintile (aOR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.34-4.09) had significantly higher odds of missed checks. Primiparous women and those with delivery complications also experienced lower coverage. Conclusions: Despite near-universal facility delivery, nearly one in eleven women were discharged without documented maternal health assessment, with pronounced inequities by socioeconomic status, education, and geography. These findings reveal critical gaps in postpartum quality of care that disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Strengthening standardized discharge protocols, enhancing staff accountability through integrated checklists and supervision, and prioritizing equity in service delivery are essential to ensure consistent, high-quality postpartum care for all women. Keywords: Cambodia; Demographic and Health Survey; postpartum care; quality of care; health equity; maternal health; discharge assessment

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