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Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 08537240     EISSN : 29644429     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bib.v14i3
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary
Biologi Fungsional, Struktur dan Perkembangan, Bioteknologi dan Biologi Molekuler, serta Biologi Lingkungan dan Biodiversitas
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 17 No 1 (2026)" : 6 Documents clear
Formulasi Natural Antibacterial Facial Wash Berbahan Aktif Infusa Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) Yudhatama, Abisha Yoofi; Pratiwi, Rarastoeti; Ningrum, Mutia Cahya; Darmasiwi, Sari
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v17i1.22050

Abstract

Clitoria ternatea L., or butterfly pea (telang), is a flowering vine known for its high content of anthocyanin, an antibacterial water-soluble phytochemical. Antibacterial properties hold a crucial role as an active compound of personal care product formulations such as facial wash. This research aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a facial wash formulation incorporating butterfly pea flower infusion as the active ingredient against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, known opportunistic pathogens in the skin microbiome. Research methodology includes butterfly pea flower infusion extraction, antibacterial facial wash formulation, agar well diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, physicochemical analysis, and organoleptic evaluation. Infuse extraction resulted in 10% butterfly pea infusion. Facial wash formulated using a water-based formulation. Agar well diffusion assay showed medium antibacterial strength. Antibacterial results by MIC revealed that the 4% facial wash formulation has the highest antibacterial activity. Physicochemical evaluation showed an average pH value of 6.81, a spread ability of 8.8 cm and 9.1 cm, a foam volume of 123.3 mL, and a foam height of 11.2 cm. Organoleptic assessment indicated that panelists rated the antibacterial facial wash formulation as satisfactory to good. In conclusion, the butterfly pea flower antibacterial facial wash formulation is effective against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and is well-accepted by potential consumers.
Paparan Penyelaman Subkronik Memodulasi Profil Eritrosit dan Lipid Darah pada Tikus Wistar Putro, Helen Eko; Torop, Epa Yohana Toga; Fitria, Laksmindra; Mulyati; Rahadian Yudo Hartantyo
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Voluntary diving exercise refers to the behavior of voluntarily swimming underwater for a specific distance and duration. Diving places the body in a hypoxia state, which modulates the regulation of hematopoiesis and lipid metabolism. The effects of repeated voluntary diving exposure over a subchronic period on erythrocyte profiles and blood lipid levels in rats remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of subchronic voluntary diving exercise on erythrocyte profiles and blood lipid levels in rats. Twenty female Wistar rats were divided into a diving group (SL) and a control group (KN). The treatment group underwent diving for 60 days, with a frequency of five training days and two rest days per week. The control group performed swimming activities over the same distance without diving and followed the same schedule. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 30, and 60 for erythrocyte profile analysis, blood plasma was collected to analyze blood lipid profile. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were euthanized and a necropsy was performed. The spleens were collected and weighed using an analytical balance. On day 60, the red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, accompanied by increases in MCH and MCHC. These findings indicate that there were fewer circulating red blood cells but with a higher hemoglobin content per cell. These changes, along with the increase in spleen weight, indicate a physiological response to diving exposure involving the spleen and are likely related to erythrocyte redistribution (splenic sequestration). Additionally, the decrease in LDL accompanied by an increase in HDL indicates a more protective lipid profile in rats as a metabolic adaptation. Subchronic voluntary diving exercise in rats triggers physiological adaptations in the form of changes in the erythrocyte profile, increased spleen weight, and an improved lipid profile in response to repeated hypoxia exposure.
Characterization of Microplastics in Water and Sediment for Pollution Assessment at Sidem Beach, Tulungagung Zunisnaini, Zunisnaini; Ahmad Husein Iriansyah; Choirul Anwar
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v17i1.26862

Abstract

Microplastics are synthetic polymers with a size range of less than 5 mm. Microplastics dispersed in aquatic environments are hazardous to natural ecosystems and humans. This study aims to identify the types, colors, and abundance of microplastics at Sidem Beach, Tulungagung. Samples were collected from seawater and sediment. The research stages began with measuring abiotic factors of seawater, followed by sampling, sample drying, purification and separation of microplastic particles, and observation using a stereo microscope. The types of microplastics found in seawater include fragments, filaments, fibers, and foam, with an average abundance of 0,01-0,29 (0,1 ± 0,32) particles/L, with foam dominating at 76%. In sediment, the types of microplastics found include fragments, filaments, fibers, and granules, with an average abundance of 1,33-24 (10,8 ± 16,5) particles/kg, dominated by fibers at 55%. The colors of microplastics identified include transparent, blue, red, black, gray, and white, with white being the most common in seawater and transparent in sediment. The microplastics found in water and sediment at Sidem Beach are likely the result of the degradation of plastic waste originating from anthropogenic activities around the beach. Additionally, they may also come from culinary tourism activities along the Ngrowo River, as well as domestic waste, industrial, and agricultural carried by river flow to the coastal area.
Inventarisasi Mangrove dan Plankton sebagai Indikator Kualitas Air di Wilayah Pesisir Selatan Jember, Jawa Timur Wahab, Abdillah Fatkhul; Indarti, Yuli; Fanani, Nadia; Nailul S.T, Devi; Barid Qodril Ila, Izzata; Fauzi, M. Amir; Nuruzzaman, Adzkafillah; Najib, Muhammad
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v17i1.27915

Abstract

The southern coastal ecosystem of Jember plays an important ecological role but is vulnerable to environmental pressures resulting from natural and anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to inventory mangrove and plankton communities and to analyze their relationships with water quality parameters as coastal bioindicators. Sampling was conducted using a purposive approach at six observation stations. Mangrove data were collected using transect methods, while plankton samples were obtained using a plankton net. Water quality parameters analyzed included temperature, pH, salinity, DO, and BOD, with relationships among variables assessed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that mangrove vegetation consisted of eight species belonging to four families, with Acanthaceae as the dominant family, while the plankton community was dominated by phytoplankton from the class Bacillariophyceae. PCA results indicated that Stations 3 and 6 were influenced by BOD, whereas mangrove and plankton distributions were more strongly correlated with salinity, pH, and DO. These findings demonstrate that the integration of mangrove and plankton communities is effective as a bioindicator of coastal water quality and provides a scientific basis for sustainable coastal ecosystem management.
Faktor Sosial-Ekonomi dan Kesadaran Hukum sebagai Penentu Perilaku Masyarakat terhadap Perdagangan llegal Gading Gajah di Sawang, Aceh Utara Yusmadi, Yusmadi; Ridwan Iriadi; Sitti Zubaidah
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v17i1.28133

Abstract

Illegal ivory trade persists in Sawang Subdistrict, North Aceh, despite the legal protection of the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus). This study aims to analyze the driving factors and community legal awareness regarding illegal ivory trade. A quantitative descriptive–correlational approach was employed using a cross-sectional survey of 120 respondents selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results indicate that community legal awareness is low (composite score = 35), with only 46.2% of respondents aware that elephants are legally protected and merely 12.3% understanding the criminal sanctions for ivory trade. Key driving factors include economic pressure, socio-cultural dynamics, and limited access to information. Regression analysis confirmed all three factors significantly influence low legal awareness (p < 0.05), with information access being the strongest predictor (β = 1.253). The study concludes that repressive law enforcement alone is insufficient to curb illegal ivory trade. Policy recommendations include: (1) integrating Islamic and customary values into conservation education through religious and traditional leaders; (2) developing sustainable alternative livelihoods such as community-based ecotourism; and (3) strengthening local reporting mechanisms via SMS gateway and community radio.
Community Structure and Genetic Diversity of Dominant Riparian Vegetation Species in the Kedung Ingas River Following Sand Mining Activities Budi Setiadi Daryono; Abdul Razaq Chasani; Nidianti, Esty
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 17 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v17i1.28661

Abstract

Riparian ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining river ecological functions but are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances, including sand mining. Sand mining activities in the Kedung Ingas River, Cilegon City, have altered habitat conditions and riparian vegetation structure. This study aimed to evaluate the structure, composition, and genetic diversity of dominant riparian vegetation species following sand mining activities using an integrated ecological and molecular approach based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The study was conducted across three riparian zones representing a disturbance gradient: upstream (non-mining), middle (post-sand mining), and downstream (deposition zone). In each zone (±100 m), two observation sites were established (six sites in total), and three plots were set up at each site: 5 m x 5 m (trees), 2 m x 2 m (saplings), and 1 m x 1 m (seedlings). Vegetation structure and composition were analyzed using the Important Value Index (IVI), while community diversity was assessed using the Shannon–Wiener, Simpson, and evenness indices. Seedling community patterns were further examined using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). Genetic analysis was performed on three dominant species, Swietenia macrophylla, Microcos paniculata, and Musa sp., using five ISSR primers. The results showed that riparian vegetation comprised 28 species from 19 families, with the highest diversity observed in the seedling stratum. The post-mining zone was dominated by pioneer species, whereas the downstream zone indicated secondary succession. ISSR analysis generated a total of 29 loci, with PIC values ranging from 0.26 to 0.44 and polymorphic loci ranging from 60% to 100%, indicating moderate to high levels of genetic diversity. These findings suggest that dominant riparian vegetation still retains sufficient genetic diversity to support natural regeneration and ecosystem restoration following sand mining.

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