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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Published by Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society
ISSN : -     EISSN : 19782993     DOI : https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, a reputable international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics, and chemical reaction engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in chemical reaction engineering, catalysis science, and engineering, catalyst preparation method and characterization, novel innovation of chemical reactor, kinetic studies, etc. are particularly welcome. However, articles concerned on the general chemical engineering process are not covered and out of the scope of this journal. This journal encompasses Original Research Articles, Review Articles (only selected/invited authors), and Short Communications, including: fundamentals of catalyst and catalysis; materials and nano-materials for catalyst; chemistry of catalyst and catalysis; surface chemistry of catalyst; applied catalysis; applied bio-catalysis; applied chemical reaction engineering; catalyst regeneration; catalyst deactivation; photocatalyst and photocatalysis; electrocatalysis for fuel cell application; applied bio-reactor; membrane bioreactor; fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics studies of chemical reaction engineering; chemical reactor design (not process parameter optimization); enzymatic catalytic reaction (not process parameter optimization); kinetic studies of enzymatic reaction (not process parameter optimization); the industrial practice of catalyst; the industrial practice of chemical reactor engineering; application of plasma technology in catalysis and chemical reactor; and advanced technology for chemical reactors design. However, articles concerned about the "General Chemical Engineering Process" are not covered and out of the scope of this journal.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Katalisis
Articles 838 Documents
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Liquid-liquid Slug Flow in a Microchannel Reactor and its Mass Transfer Properties - A Review Rahul Antony; M. S. Giri Nandagopal; Nidhin Sreekumar; S. Rangabhashiyam; N. Selvaraju
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2014: BCREC Volume 9 Issue 3 Year 2014 (December 2014)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.9.3.6977.207-223

Abstract

Mass transfer is a basic phenomenon behind many processes like reaction, absorption, extraction etc. Mass transfer plays a significant role in microfluidic systems where the chemical / biological process systems are shrinkened down to a micro scale. Micro reactor system, with its high compatibility and performance, gains a wide interest among the researchers in the recent years. Micro structured reac-tors holds advantages over the conventional types in chemical processes. The significance of micro re-actor not limited to its scalability but to energy efficiency, on-site / on-demand production, reliability, safety, highly controlled outputs, etc. Liquid-liquid two phase reaction in a microreactor system is highly demandable when both reactants are liquids or when air medium cannot be suitable. This arti-cle overviews various liquid-liquid flow regimes in a microchannel. Discussions on the hydrodynamics of flow in micro scale are made. Considering the importance of mass transfer in liquid-liquid systems and the advantage of slug regime over other regimes, the article focuses especially on the mass trans-fer between two liquid phases in slug flow and the details of experimental studies carried out in this area. The advantages of slug flow over other flow regimes in micro structured reactor applications are showcased. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles using Aqueous Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Extract, and Its Interaction Study with Melamine Yoki Yulizar; Harits Atika Ariyanta; Lingga Abduracman
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.770.212-218

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been successfully prepared by green synthesis method using aqueous extract of garlic with the Latin name of Allium sativum L. (ASL) as a reducing and stabilizing agents. Identification of active compounds in aqueous ASL extract was conducted by phytochemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy-selected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED). The AuNPs formation was optimized at aqueous ASL extract concentration of 0.05%, HAuCl4 concentration of 2.0×10-4 M, and pH of 3.6. The optimized AuNPs was characterized   using TEM, and has a spherical shape with particle size of 15±3 nm. The particles were also stable up until one month. The synthesized AuNPs has been studied its interaction with melamine, and showed the optimum pH of interaction at 3.6. 
Preparation of Polyaniline Emeraldine Salt for Conducting-Polymer-Activated Counter Electrode in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using Rapid-Mixing Polymerization at Various Temperature Auliya Nur Amalina; Veinardi Suendo; Muhammad Reza; Phutri Milana; Risa Rahmawati Sunarya; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3854.521-528

Abstract

Polyaniline Emeraldine Salt (PANI ES) as a conductive polymer has been used as a Pt-free counter electrode materials in DSSC. In this study, polymerization temperature was varied at relatively high temperature from 308 to 348 K with respect to the standard low polymerization temperature at 273 K. The synthesis held in varied high-temperature to study the effect of synthesis condition resulted to the performance as counter electrode in DSSC. The effect of high-temperature synthesis condition gives interesting results, the FTIR-ATR spectra show the presence of vibrational modes of phenazine structure obtained at high polymerization temperature, indicate the changing in the chain geometry. Raman Spectroscopy shows the decrease of the I1194/I1623 intensity ratio that can be interpreted that the degree-of-freedom of C-H bond bending mode decreases in the benzenoid ring, while the stretching mode degree-of-freedom along the chain is preserved or increased. The electrical conductivity profile has changed from metal-like at low-temperature into a semiconductor-like profile at high-temperature. Scanning Electron Microscope images reveals that a change in the morphology of PANI ES with temperature. At low-temperature (273 K) the morphology has a globular shape, while at high-temperature it tends to form nanorod structure. DSSC device with highest efficiency is attained for PANI ES polymerized at 273 K (1.91%) due to its high conductivity. The lowest efficiency is observed in device using PANI ES synthesized at 328 K (1.15%) due to its low conductivity due to the formation of phenazine structure. 
Kinetic Study of Esterification of Acetic Acid with n-butanol and isobutanol Catalyzed by Ion Exchange Resin Amrit Pal Toor; Mamta Sharma; Ghansyam Kumar; R. K. Wanchoo
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2011: BCREC Volume 6 Issue 1 Year 2011 (June 2011)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.6.1.665.23-30

Abstract

Esters are an important pharmaceutical intermediates and very useful perfumery agents. In this study the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol and iso-butanol over an acidic cation exchange resin, Amberlyst 15 were carried out. The effects of certain parameters such as temperature, catalyst loading, initial molar ratio between reactants on the rate of reaction were studied. The experiments were conducted in a stirred batch reactor in the temperature range of 351.15 K to 366.15K.Variation of parameters on rate of reaction demonstrated that the reaction was intrinsically controlled.The activation energy for the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol and iso butanol is found to be 28.45 k J/mol and 23.29 kJ/mol respectively. © 2011 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Photocatalytic Activity of Zn2Ti3O8 Materials for Phenol Photodegradation Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Leny Yuliati
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 1 Year 2021 (March 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.1.10322.196-204

Abstract

Zinc titanate (Zn2Ti3O8) is a bimetal oxide material that is especially attractive as a photocatalyst. In the preparation of the Zn2Ti3O8, the calcination temperature is a crucial parameter. Hence, in the present work, we aimed to synthesize the Zn2Ti3O8 materials from zinc(II) nitrate and titanium(IV) isopropoxide as precursors by using a sol-gel method and followed by calcination at 700, 900, and 1100 °C to give ZT-700, ZT-900, and ZT-100 materials, respectively. The ZT materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DR UV-vis), and fluorescence spectroscopies. It was confirmed that the ZT materials contained O−Ti−O, Zn−O−Ti, Zn−O, Ti−O−Ti, and Ti−O functional groups as shown from their FTIR spectra. Similar fluorescence properties were only observed on the ZT-700 and ZT-900. From the bandgap energy analysis, ZT-700 and ZT-900 contained spinel and cubic Zn2Ti3O8 (spl-Zn2Ti3O8 and c-Zn2Ti3O8) crystal phases), while ZT-1100 contained c-Zn2TiO4 and TiO2 rutile crystal phases. The kinetic analysis of photocatalytic phenol degradation showed that both ZT-700 and ZT-900 materials exhibited high photocatalytic activity with the reaction rate constants of 0.0353 and 0.0355 h−1, respectively. These values were higher than that of the ZT-1100 (0.0206 h−1). This study demonstrated that calcination at 700 and 900 °C resulted in the formation of the spl-Zn2Ti3O8 and c-Zn2Ti3O8 phases, which were effective as the photocatalyst, but the formation of c-Zn2TiO4 and rutile TiO2 at calcination of 1100 °C deteriorated the photocatalytic activity. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Biodiesel Production from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) Oil using Ionic Liquid as A Catalyst and Microwave Heating System Prima Astuti Handayani; Abdullah Abdullah; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.807.293-298

Abstract

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) is a typical Indonesian plant. Its seed contains abundant inedible oil, and therefore it is potential for biodiesel feedstock. The current issues of biodiesel are longer  reaction time of oil to biodiesel through transesterification reaction and lower biodiesel yield due to ineffective use of a homogenous catalyst. This work was aimed to use an ionic liquid as a catalyst and equipped with microwave heating as the heating system in order to increase the biodiesel yield and accelerate the process. Effects of the catalyst concentration and power of microwave irradiation to the biodiesel yield were studied. The ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (BMIMHSO4) was used as a catalyst. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was achieved of 92.81% which was catalyzed by IL0.5NaOH0.5 (0.5 wt.% (BMIMHSO4) + 0.5 wt.% NaOH) with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9, a reaction time of 6 minutes, and the microwave temperature was 60 °C. 
Inhibition Effect of Ca2+ Ions on Sucrose Hydrolysis Using Invertase Hargono Hargono; Bakti Jos; Abdullah Abdullah; Teguh Riyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4437.646-653

Abstract

Fermentable sugar for bioethanol production can be produced from molasses due to its high sucrose content but Ca2+ ions found in the molasses may affect the hydrolysis. Therefore, this paper was focused to study the effect of Ca2+ ions as CaO on sucrose hydrolysis using invertase and to obtain the kinetic parameters. The kinetic parameters (KM and Vmax) were obtained using a Lineweaver-Burk plot. The value of KM and Vmax parameters were 36.181 g/L and 21.322 g/L.h, respectively. The Ca2+ ions act as competitive inhibitor in sucrose hydrolysis using invertase. Therefore, the inhibition mechanism was followed the competitive inhibition mechanism. The value of inhibition constant was 0.833 g/g. These parameters were obtained from the non-substrate inhibition process because this study used the low substrate concentrations which means the fermentable sugar production was low. Hence, there were still more challenges to studying the simultaneous effect of substrate and Ca2+ on sucrose hydrolysis to produce high fermentable sugar. 
Advanced Mathematical Model to Describe the Production of Biodiesel Process Ahmmed S. Ibrehem; Hikmat S. Al-Salim
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2009: BCREC Volume 4 Issue 2 Year 2009 (December 2009)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.4.2.7109.37-42

Abstract

Advanced mathematical model was used to capture the batch reactor characteristics of reacting compounds. The model was applied to batch reactor for the production of bio-diesel from palm and kapok oils. Results of the model were compared with experimental data in terms of conversion of transesterification reaction for the production of bio-diesel under unsteady state. A good agreement was obtained between our model predictions and the experimental data. Both experimental and modeling results showed that the conversion of triglycerides to methyl ester was affected by the process conditions. The transesterification process with temperature of about 70 oC, and methanol ratio to the triglyceride of about 5 times its stoichiometry, and the NAOH catalyst of wt 0.4%, appear to be acceptable process conditions for bio diesel process production from palm oil and kapok oil. The model can be applied for endothermic batch process. © 2009 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
The Influence of H2O2 on The Photocatalytic Pretreatment of Cellulose for 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural (5-HMF) Production Muhammad Imam Syafi’i; Khanin Nueangnoraj; Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 3 Year 2021 (September 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10311.565-570

Abstract

Photocatalysis has been widely known as a simple green technology to be applied in the synthesis and degradation process of organic molecules. An application of photocatalysis in a biomass pretreatment for a 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) production was investigated in this study. The results have revealed that photocatalysis, applied during pretreatment, facilitates the breakdown of cellulose. The presence of oxidizing agent (H2O2) in the ratios to cellulose of 11:1, 18:1, and 37:1 mol.mol-1 has been investigated for its effect on the production of 5-HMF. The optimum conditions obtained for the pretreatment process was the presence of H2O2 at 37:1 mol.mol-1, which was followed by the process of evaporation of the remaining H2O2 after pretreatment. The 5-HMF yield from the hydrolysis process involving pretreatment was 13.07%, while the yield from the process without pretreatment was 9.79%. The application of the pretreatment has succeeded in increasing the 5-HMF yield by 25.09%. The progress in the pretreatment was also marked by the presence of the carboxyl groups in the pretreated samples which were observed by the Fourier Transforms Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Performance of CdS/TNTAs Nanocomposite in Removing Ciprofloxacin and Hydrogen Production using Simultaneously Electrocoagulation-Photocatalysis Process Rahayu Lestari Sugihartini; Reno Pratiwi; Slamet Slamet
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 4 Year 2022 (December 2022)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.16435.882-893

Abstract

This study used CdS as a pair of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays (TNTAs), considering the position and width of the energy band gap, which is expected to increase photocatalyst performance. The nancomposite was synthesized using the successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) method, with Cd(CH3COO)2 and Na2S as precursors. The CdS/TNTAs nanocomposite is expected to reduce the energy band gap to enable the visible and UV spectrum to activate the photocatalyst. Additionally, the formed heterojunction mechanism provides opportunities for the trajectories of electrons and holes to be farther apart and reduce the recombination rate. The degradation ability of CdS/TNTAs nanocomposite in the photocatalytic process was evaluated using samples of ciprofloxacin liquid waste as an antibiotic, which is quite challenging to decompose completely. The ability of the photocatalytic process to produce hydrogen gas was also observed and its performance synergized with the electrocoagulation process. The result showed that the use of CdS as a TNTAs partner in CdS/TNTAs nanocomposites affects increasing photocatalyst performance, both in degrading ciprofloxacin and producing hydrogen gas. Furthermore, the CdS/TNTAs nanocomposite increased the photocatalytic process’s ability to degrade ciprofloxacin and produce hydrogen from 8.5 to 20.5% and 6 to 23.5 mmol/m2 compared to using TNTAs alone. The processing capability is further enhanced when run in synergy with the electrocoagulation process where the removal of ciprofloxacin reaches 86.55%  and the hydrogen produced is 2.62×106 mmol/m2. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 

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