cover
Contact Name
Ichsan Setiawan
Contact Email
ichsansetiawan@usk.ac.id
Phone
+6285220189228
Journal Mail Official
depik@usk.ac.id
Editorial Address
Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Universitas Syiah Kuala Jalan Meureubo No. 1, Kopelma Darussalam Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
Location
Kab. aceh besar,
Aceh
INDONESIA
Depik Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan
ISSN : 20897790     EISSN : 25026194     DOI : 10.13170/depik
Depik Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan is a peer review international journal, this journal is publishing high-quality articles in aquatic sciences and fisheries in general. The aim of the journal is to publish and disseminate the current or new findings of the research, and give a significant contribution to the development of fisheries and aquatic sciences in several topics, but not limited to: Fisheries (Aquaculture, Capture Fisheries, Fish Processing) Aquatic Ecology (Freshwater, Marine, and Brackishwater) Aquatic Biology (Fish, Mollusk, Crustacean, Plankton, Coral reefs) Oceanography.
Articles 8 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016" : 8 Documents clear
Struktur komunitas mangrove di Pulau Mare, Kota Tidore Kepulauan, Provinsi Maluku Utara (Community structure of mangrove in Mare Island, Tidore City, Maluka Utara Province Nebuchadnezzar Akbar; Abdurrachman Baksir; Irmalita Tahir; Dondy Arafat
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5578

Abstract

This study aimed to obtain information mangrove ecological index in Mare Island, Tidore Kepulauan, North Maluku. Collecting data in 2015, divided into three locations were determined based representation and the representation of mangrove. The sampling of mangrove using "line transect quadrant". The results obtained by mangrove thickness between 85-150 meters with 5 types of 3 families mangrove. Rhizophora mangrove species are found most dominating every station. Mangrove ecological index categories density, frequency, cover and species diversity is highest at the station I. While important value criteria at each station are 300. Analysis of vegetation mangrove species at each station obtained density, frequency, species diversity and the importance of the highest species is Rhizophora apicullata, then cover the highest species is Sonneratia alba. Overall results of observation and analysis, illustrating that the condition of mangroves on the island of Mare in the category of low/sparse.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi indeks ekologi mangrove di Pulau Mare, Tidore Kepulauan, Maluku Utara. Pengambilan data pada tahun 2015 yang terbagi atas tiga lokasi yang ditetapkan berdasarkan keterwakilan dan reprsentasi mangrove. Pengambilan contoh mangrove, di lakukan dengan menggunakan metode “line transect quadrant”. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ketebalan mangrove diantara 85-150 meter  dengan 5 jenis dari 3 famili mangrove. Jenis mangrove Rhizophora ditemukan paling mendominasi disetiap stasiun. Indeks ekologi mangrove kategori kerapatan, frekuensi, tutupan dan keanekaragaman jenis paling tinggi terdapat di stasiun satu. Sedangkan kriteria nilai penting pada setiap stasiun adalah 300. Analisis vegetasi jenis mangrove pada setiap stasiun diperoleh kerapatan, frekuensi, keanekaragaman jenis dan nilai penting jenis tertinggi adalah Rhizophora apicullata, kemudian tutupan jenis tertinggi adalah Sonneratia alba. Keseluruhan hasil pengamatan dan analisis, menggambarkan bahwa kondisi mangrove di pulau Mare masuk dalam kategori rendah. 
Ekstrak daun Avicennia marina sebagai anti jamur pada telur ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio (Avicennia marina leaf extracts as an anti fungal for common carp, Cyprinus carpio eggs) Sofyatuddin Karina; Irma Dewiyanti; Mawardah Mawardah
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5573

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the effect and the optimum concentration of Avicennia leaf extracts on prevalence, hatching rate and hatching time of common carp eggs (Cyprinus carpio) that infected by Saprolegnia sp. The research was conducted at Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) Lukup Badak, Aceh Tengah District in June 2016. The completely randomized design was used as statistical analysis method in this study with five treatments and 4 replications. The fertilized eggs of common carp were infected by Saporolegnia sp. then treated by immersing in the extract. The treatments were the different concentrations of extract, namely; 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm. The result of ANOVA test showed that the extract Avecenia leaf extracts gave the significant effect on the prevalence, hatching rate and hatching time of common carp eggs (P0.05). The best results for all parameters were recorded at the concentration of 10 ppm. Therefore, it is concluded that the optimum concentration is 10 ppm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan konsentrasi optimum ekstrak daun Avicennia marina terhadap prevalensi, daya tetas serta waktu tetas telur ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) yang terinfeksi Saprolegnia sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) Lukup Badak, Kab. Aceh Tengah pada bulan Juni 2016. Analisis statistik menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 taraf perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Sampel yang digunakan adalah telur ikan mas yang telah terbuahi dan terinfeksi dengan jamur Saprolegnia sp. kemudian direndam dengan ekstrak. Perlakuan yang dilakukan meliputi perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 ppm. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun Avicennia marina berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap prevalensi serangan jamur, daya tetas serta waktu tetas telur ikan mas. Nilai terbaik untuk semua parameter yang diukur ditemukan pada konsentrasi 10 ppm ekstrak. Oleh karena itu disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi yang optimum untuk telur ikan mas adalah 10 ppm.
Pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. pada beberapa konsentrasi limbah batubara (The growth rate of the Chlorella sp. at different concentrations of coal waste water) Zerli Selvika; Aradea Bujana Kusuma; N. Ervina Herliany; Bertoka F.S.P Negara
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5576

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a single-celled microalga that mostly grows in marine waters. Chlorella sp. can grow in heavy polluted waters and therefore it has potency as a bioremediation agent. This study aimed was to analyze the effect of coal on the growth of Chlorella sp. in plant isolation media and the quality of water in plant isolation media for Chlorella sp. The complete randomized design with 4 treatments of coal concentration was used in this study. Four concentration concentrations were tested namely, 0 ppt, 1 ppt, 3 ppt and 5 ppt. The results revealed that coal with different concentrations gave no significant effect on the growth of Chlorella sp. (p 0.05). The density among the concentrations of 0 ppt, 1 ppt, 3 ppt and 5 ppt were not significantly different. In addition, the coal concentration gave no significant effect on temperature, salinity and potential hydrogen (pH) (p0.05). The Chlorella sp. can grow in the polluted water by coal, and therefore this alga can be used as potential organisms for bioremediation of coal waste.Chlorella sp. merupakan mikroalga bersel satu yang banyak tumbuh di perairan laut. Chlorella sp. dapat tumbuh di perairan yang tercemar berat sehingga berpotensi sebagai bioremediator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi batubara terhadap pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. dan kualitas air pada media kultur Chlorella sp. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen skala laboratorium. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi batubara 0 ppt, 1 ppt, 3 ppt dan 5 ppt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa batubara dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan Chlorella sp (P0,05). Kepadatan antara konsentrasi 0 ppt, 1 ppt, 3 ppt dan 5 ppt tidak terlalu jauh berbeda. Konsentrasi batubara juga tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter suhu, salinitas dan derajat keasaman (pH) (p0,05). Chlorella sp. dapat tumbuh pada lingkungan yang tercemar oleh batubara, sehingga dapat dipakai sebagai organisme yang berpotensi untuk bioremediasi batubara. 
Total nitrogen dan fosfat di perairan Teluk Doreri, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat, Indonesia (Total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Doreri Bay, Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province, Indonesia) Alianto Alianto; Hendri Hendri; Suhaemi Suhaemi
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5670

Abstract

Total Nitrogen (TN) and Phosphate (TP) are the two bio-elements essential that determine the source of life in the waters, including marine waters. This study aims to determine the concentration of TN and TP in the Doreri Bay. The study was conducted from January to March 2012. The sampling of seawater in situ performed three times in the six research stations. Measurement of sea water samples also carried out ex-situ by using method persulphate and peroxidisulphate for each concentration of TN and TP. The measurement results obtained an average TN concentration ranging from 0.053 to 0.165 mg/L with a higher tendency at station 1, 2 and 5 respectively of 0.102 mg/L; 0.100 mg/L; and 0.165 mg/L. While TP concentrations ranged from 0.017 to 0.038 mg/L with a value equal concentrations tended at each station observations. The results showed the value of the concentration of TN tend to vary and TP relatively stable or not varies.Total Nitrogen (TN) dan Fosfat (TP) merupakan dua unsur bioelemen penting yang menentukan sumber kehidupan di perairan termasuk perairan laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi TN dan TP di perairan Teluk Doreri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari 2012 sampai Maret 2012. Pengambilan contoh air laut dilakukan secara in situ sebanyak tiga kali pada enam stasiun penelitian. Pengukuran contoh air laut dilakukan secara eks situ, konsentrasi TN diukur  dengan metode persulphate dan TP dengan metode peroxodisulphate. Hasil pengukuran diperoleh rata-rata konsentrasi TN berkisar dari 0,053 – 0,165 mg/L dengan kecenderungan lebih tinggi pada stasiun 1, 2 dan 5 dengan nilai konsentrasi secara berturut-turut sebesar 0,102 mg/L; 0,100 mg/L; dan 0,165 mg/L.  Konsentasi TP berkisar dari  0,017 – 0,038 mg/L dengan nilai konsentrasi yang cenderung sama pada setiap stasiun pengamatan.  Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan nilai konsentrasi TN cenderung  bervariasi dan TP relatif stabil atau tidak bervariasi. 
Struktur komunitas mangrove dan strategi pengelolaannya di Kabupaten Pidie, Province Aceh (Community structure of mangrove and its management strategy in Pidie District, Aceh Province) Mirza Karnanda; Zainal A. Muchlisin; Muhammad A. Sarong
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5577

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to analyze the community structure of mangrove vegetation in Pidie District, Aceh Province and to plan its management strategies. The study was conducted from August to November 2014 in three subdistricts namely Batee, Kota Sigli, and Simpang Tiga. A total of three sampling stations were determined purposively at every subdistrict where every station has two substations and every substation has three sampling plots of 10 m x 10 m. In addition, a total of 297 respondents as representative of the fish farmer, fishermen, and other stakeholders were interviewed to collect data to plan the management strategies using the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. The results showed that there were six species of mangrove found in Pidie District namely Avicennia alba, A. officinalis, A. marina, Rhizophora mucronata, R. apiculata and Sonneratia alba. For seedlings and saplings categories can be classified into very good condition, except in Kecamatan Batee  where S. alba for seedlings was classified into moderate damage and the saplings was in highly damaged condition. The mangrove of trees category was classified into heavily damaged condition. The management strategies of mangrove ecosystem in Kabupaten Pidie can be done by maximizing the function of mangrove ecosystems by replanting the species of mangrove that match with the habitat for their life so that can produce the specific functions; improve the role of government and society in controlling and monitoring the mangrove ecosystems; and establish the local regulations about the management of mangrove ecosystems in Kabupaten Pidie.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas vegetasi mangrove dan menetapkan strategi pengelolaannya di Kabupaten Pidie Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Agustus sampai November 2014 pada tiga kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Batee, Kota Sigli, dan Kecamatan Simpang Tiga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Pada setiap lokasi ditetapkan dua sub statiun pengamatan dan setiap pengamatan dengan tiga titik transek dimana transek berupa kuadrat berukuran 10 m x 10 m. Pengambilan data mangrove dilakukan dengan transek kuadrat berukuran 10 m x 10 m untuk kategori pohon plot 5 m x 5 m unuk kategori pancang dan 2 m x 2 m untuk kategori semai. Sedangkan untuk data strategi pengelolaan mangrove dengan mewawancarai 297 responden yang merupakan perwakilan beberapa petani tambak dan nelayan di Kecamatan Batee, Kota Sigli, Kecamatan Simpang Tiga dan perwakilan stakeholder terkait. Strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Pidie dianalisis menggunakan formula SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 6 spesies mangrove di Kabupaten Pidie, yaitu Avicennia alba, A. officinalis, A. marina, Rhizopora mucronata, R. apiculata dan Sonneratia alba. Mangrove di lokasi penelitian untuk tingkat semai dan pancang dapat dikategorikan dalam kondisi sangat baik, kecuali di Kecamatan Batee S. alba pada tingkat semai dikategorikan rusak ringan dan pada tingkat pancang dalam kondisi rusak berat. Mangrove tingkat pohon pada lokasi penelitian dikategorikan rusak berat. Strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Pidie dapat dilakukan dengan memaksimalkan fungsi ekosistem mangrove berupa penanaman kembali jenis-jenis mangrove tertentu yang sesuai dengan habitat hidupnya sehingga menghasilkan fungsi tertentu; meningkatkan peran pemerintah dan masyarakat; melakukan pengawasan dan monitoring secara berkala di ekosistem mangrove; serta merumuskan peraturan daerah tentang pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Pidie.
Pemetaan batimetri sebagai informasi dasar untuk penempatan fish apartment di perairan Bangsring, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur (Bathymetry mapping as basic information for fish apartment placement in Bangsring waters, Banyuwangi, East Java) M. Arif Zainul Fuad; Abu Bakar Sambah; Andik Isdianto; Awalrush Andira
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5655

Abstract

The objective of the present research was to map the bathymetry of the Bangsring coastal area, Banyuwangi. Depth data obtained are used to consider the suitable location for fish apartment placement. The depth of the water was measured using a single beam echosounder with a frequency of 50 Hz. The data obtained by sounding process corrected by Tidal data. The tidal data measured during sampling with the observation interval of 30 minutes. The tidal correction was performed to get the depth value relative to lowest Water Surface (LWS). The results showed the depth of the Bangsring coastal area ranged from 2-49 meters. The deepest region is in the southeast of the research area. Based on the depth of the waters, the locations that can be an alternative placement of fish apartment is located by distance of 200- 250 meters in front of Bangsring coastal area with total area  approximately 30 HaPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kedalaman perairan Bangsring, Banyuwangi. Data kedalaman yang didapat dari pemeruman selanjutnya digunakan sebagai pertimbangan untuk mencari alternatif lokasi penempatan fish apartment. Kedalaman perairan di ukur menggunakan Single Beam Echosounder dengan frekuensi 50 Hz. Pemeruman dilakukan selama 2 hari yaitu pada tanggal 17 dan 18 Maret 2016 dengan metode zig zag . Hasil pengukuran kedalaman selanjutnya di koreksi terhadap pasang surut. Pasang surut diukur selama pelaksanaan pemeruman dengan interval pengamatan 30 menit. Koreksi pasang surut dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai kedalaman relatif terhadap Lowest Water Surface (LWS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedalaman Perairan Bangsring Berkisar antara 2-49 meter. Wilayah terdalam berada dibagian tenggara area penelitian. Berdasarkan kedalaman perairan tersebut, maka lokasi Perairan di Bangsring yang dapat dijadikan alternatif penempatan fish apartment adalah di perairan depan pantai bagian timur dengan jarak sejauh 200-250 meter dari garis pantai Bangsring dengan luas 30 Ha
Iktiofauna Sungai Sangkir Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Provinsi Riau (Ichthyofauna of Sangkir River, Rokan Hulu District Riau Province) Nunuk Dian Pranata; Arief Anthonius Purnama; Rofiza Yolanda; Ria Karno
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5574

Abstract

This study was conducted in Sangkir river branch of Rokan Kiri river Sangkir village, Rokan Hulu district, Riau Province from May of July 2016. The aim of this study was to inventory the fish species in Sangkir river branch of Rokan Kiri River with direct observation (survey). Five sampling locations were determined purposely based on the environmental condition that could be represented by the river condition. A total of 288 individuals of fish belonging to 3 orders, 7 families, 13 genera and 16 species were recorded in this study, namely Barbodes balleroides, Barbodes gonionotus, Barbichthys leavis, Channa striata, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Labiobarbus fasciatus, Mystus nigriceps, Ompok eugeneiatus, Osteochilus hasseltii, Osteochilus mycrocephalus, Pangio semicincta, Pristolepis grooti, Thynnichthys polylepis, Trichogaster leerii, Trichogaster trichopterus and Trichopsis vittata. Cyprinidae was the most abundance fish in this study.Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di sungai Sangkir, anak sungai Rokan Kiri, desa Sangkir, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Provinsi Riau pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis ikan di sungai Sangkir anak Sungai Rokan Kiri dengan metode pengamatan langsung (survei) dengan penetapan stasiun pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Penetapan stasiun berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan yang terdiri dari 5 stasiun penelitian. Hasil penelitian  didapatkan sebanyak 288 individu ikan yang terdiri dari 3 ordo, 7 famili 13 genus dan 16 spesies. Spesies yang didapatkan yaitu Barbodes balleroides, Barbodes gonionotus, Barbichthys leavis, Channa striata, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Labiobarbus fasciatus, Mystus nigriceps, Ompok eugeneiatus, Osteochilus hasseltii, Osteochilus mycrocephalus, Pangio semicincta, Pristolepis grooti, Thynnichthys polylepis Trichogaster leerii, Trichogaster trichopterus dan Trichopsis vittata. Cyprinidae merupakan kelompok ikan yang paling banyak dalam penelitian ini. 
Status ekologis mangrove Pulau Sembilan, Kabupaten Langkat Provinsi Sumatera Utara (Ecological status of mangrove of Sembilan Island, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province) Ahmad Muhtadi; Rudi H. Siregar; Rusdi Leidonald; Zulham A. Harahap
Depik Vol 5, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.5.3.5656

Abstract

Sembilan Island was one of the 17 islands located in the East Coast of North Sumatra. This island is surrounded by mangrove with varying thickness and density. Information on the identification and potential of mangrove in this island already reported but limited to a narrow area. Information about the value and status of mangrove ecology in this island have not been written, so it was needed to carry out for a study of mangrove ecological analysis. This information could be used later as a reference in sustainable mangrove management. The objective of the study was to determine the value and ecological status of mangroves. The research was conducted in September 2015. The data were collected at 9 sampling points namely; 4 points in the east, 2 points in the south and 3 points in the west part of the study areas. The spot check method was used in the study. The results showed that there were 28 species of mangrove belonging to 13 families. It's divided into  26 species of true mangrove and two species of associated mangroves. Mangrove’s zonation was Avicennia/Sonneratia on the front and ferns (A. Aureum and A. speciosum) in the section near the mainland. Mangrove thickness reached 134 - 1683 m. The density of mangrove was 333 - 4601 individuals/ha with the cover area of 2522 - 5810 cm2/ha. The results of the importance index value of mangrove showed that A. marina has a great influence and role in the community of mangrove vegetation, especially in the eastern part. Therefore, the mangrove in Sembilan Island was categorized into damage to good condition. The good category was recorded in the western part of the island, while the damaged category was found in the east part of the island.Pulau Sembilan merupakan satu diantara 17 pulau yang terdapat di wilayah Pantai Timur Sumatera Utara. Hampir sepanjang pantai di Pulau Sembilan di tumbuhi oleh mangrove dengan ketebalan yang bervariasi. Informasi tentang identifikasi dan potensi mangrove di Pulau Sembilan sudah ada dilaporkan, namun terbatas pada areal yang sempit. Informasi tentang nilai dan status ekologi mangrove di Pulau Sembilan belum dilaporkan, sehingga perlu adanya kajian tentang analisis ekologi mangrove. Informasi ini nantinya dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam pengelolaan mangrove yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai dan status ekologis mangrove di Pulau Sembilan. Lokasi penelitian dibagi menjadi tiga area dengan 9 titik pengamatan yaitu timur 4 titik, selatan 2 titik, dan barat 3 titik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada September 2015. Pengambilan contoh mangrove, dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spot check. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa jenis mangrove yang sebanyak 28 jenis dari 13 famili yang terdiri dari 26 jenis mangrove sejati dan 2 jenis mangrove ikutan. Zonasi mangrove di Pulau Sembilan yaitu, Avicennia/Sonneratia pada bagian depan dan paku-pakuan (A. Aureum dan A. speciosum) pada bagian yang dekat daratan. Ketebalan mangrove mencapai 134 - 1683 m. Kerapatan mangrove yang ditemukan mencapai 333 - 4601 ind/ha. Penutupan mangrove mencapai 2522 - 5810 cm2/ha. Hasil analisis nilai penting jenis mangrove di Pulau Sembilan menunjukkan bahwa A. marina memiliki pengaruh dan peran yang besar dalam komunitas vegetasi mangrove, terutama pada bagian timur. Mangrove di Pulau Sembilan termasuk kategori rusak - baik. Kategori baik pada bagian barat dan rusak pada bagian timur.

Page 1 of 1 | Total Record : 8


Filter by Year

2016 2016