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Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia
ISSN : 01261193     EISSN : 2460545X     DOI : 10.35749
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Ophthalmology
Articles 869 Documents
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Color Field Test Charts Vs HVFA In Detection Visual Field Defect Chronic Primary Glaucoma Tanoko, Ivana; Winarto, Winarto; Nugroho, Trilaksana; Prihatningtias, Riski; Rahmi, Fifin L
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100663

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is syndrome consist of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, destruction of retinal nerve fiber layer, and typical visual field defects. Color field test charts (CFTC) is a simple and generous instrument used to detect central and paracentral scotoma in neuro-ophthalmology patient. Diagnostic study will perform in this research to compare visual field defects, detecting in chronic primary glaucoma patient between CFTC and HVFA SITA 10-2 as gold standard. Methods: Seventy two eyes from 50 patients with chronic primary glaucoma were examined visual acuity, funduscopy, color blindness, HVFA SITA 10-2 and CFTC. The results CFTC and HVFA were read by 2 ophthalmologists, and kappa agreement was done. Analysis was done to get sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR). Result: The sensitivity of CFTC was 87.93%, specificity 85.71%, PPV 96.22%, NPV 63.16%, accuracy 87.5%, positive LR 6.15 and negative LR 0.14 in detecting visual field defect chronic primary glaucoma patient compared to HVFA SITA 10-2. Area Under Curve (AUC) in this research was 0.86 (95% CI 0.751-0.985, p<0.001). Sensitivity, PPV, and accuracy was higher in MD >-12dB compared to <-12dB. There was strong correlation between it in location of defect (Cramer’s correlation; V=0.679, p<0.001), although the large of visual field defect was significantly different between 2 instruments (p<0.05). Conclusion: Color field test charts is comparable to HVFA SITA 10-2 in detecting visual field defect chronic primary glaucoma moderate and advance stage.
Evaluation of Cup Disc Ratio and RNFL Thickness Based on Goldmann Visual Field Test Tatang Talka Gani; Retno Ekantini; Hartono Hartono; Krisna Dwi Purnomo Jati
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100665

Abstract

Introduction and Objective : To assess the relationship between the cup-disc ratio of the optic nerve head and peripapilarry RNFL thickness to the visual field loss in glaucoma patients. Methods : Visual field from Goldmann kinetic perimerty and Ocular Computed Tomography (OCT) records from Yap Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta are used to examine the figure of visual field loss in glaucoma patient. Result: Broad spectrum of glaucoma-related visual field defects were observed from 73 eyes. The most common visual field defects are arcuate defect (23.3%) and followed by general depression. Arcuate defects can already observable in some patients with cup-disk ratio of 0.5 (30%).Arcuate defect occurs in the average RNFL thickness of 69.90 ?m (46.93-118.77). It appears that the pinhole vision appeared on the average RNFL thickness of 44.23 ?m (25.33-63.13), and temporal RNFL thickness remnant occured at 48.64 ?m (46.22-51.06). RNFL thickness with normal visual field was on the thickness of 107.78 ?m (100.27-115.29). Conclusion: Visual field defect that may be observed in glaucoma with Goldmann kinetic perimetry are arcuate defect, and general visual field depression. RNFL thickness may be correlated longitudinally with the worsening of visual field defect.
Immediate Vs Delayed Vitrectomy for The Management of Vitreous Hemorrhage Due to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Vina Karina Apriyani; Grimaldi Ihsan; Rova Virgana; Iwan Sovani
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100666

Abstract

Introduction: Surgical approach in vitreous hemorrhage (VH) secondary to diabetic retinopathy remains the procedure of choice for non-clearing VH. However, the most appropriate timing of vitrectomy is yet to be defined. With improvements in surgical techniques, it is reasonable to operate on such patients that have no spontaneous improvement. Objective: To compare the characteristics between groups of patients who underwent immediate and delayed vitrectomy for the management of vitreous hemorrhage due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods: Retrospective review of 35 patients who underwent vitrectomy for VH secondary to PDR. Patients were excluded if they had prior vitrectomy, follow up < 1 month post-operatively, other retinal pathology, VH secondary to other causes, uveitis, or advanced glaucoma. Primary outcome was visual acuity in patients receiving immediate (< 30 days) versus delayed (> 30 days) vitrectomy. Secondary analyses included post-surgical complications. Results: 35 eyes were included, 13 eyes had immediate vitrectomy while 22 eyes had delayed vitrectomy. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, diabetes control, or diabetes duration. Pre-operative and final visual acuities were evaluated, including 7 days, 30-days and 3-months in both Groups. Complications within 3 months were dominantly seen in the delayed vitrectomy Group. Conclusion: Immediate vitrectomy for VH due to PDR decreases time spent with vision loss, and decreases post-surgical complications. Modern vitrectomy surgery is safe and may be considered earlier in VH management.
The Visual Rehabilitation of Bilateral Posterior Lens Luxation In Children: A Case Report Yunneke Renna Xaverina; Anny Sulistiyowati; Lely Retno Wulandari
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100668

Abstract

Introduction: Dislocated lens can be subluxated (partial) or luxated (complete), which can cause visual impairment in children. Conservative visual rehabilitation is an option for luxated lens treatment. Purpose: This study reports the possibility for visual rehabilitation of bilateral of bilateral luxated lens in children. Case Report: A 3-year-old boy came to the outpatient clinic of Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital with complaints of blurred vision on both eyes. The child would always bring objects close to his eyes since the past year. There was no history of ocular injury nor development disorder. Uncorrected visual acuities with LEA symbol on both right and left eyes were 6/114. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the right eye was 6/45 and left eye was 6/9 with both S+11.00. Iridodonesis and aphakic lenses were found during slit-lamp examination of both eyes. The intraocular pressures were 14.2 mmHg on the right eye and 17.3 mmHg on the left eye. The lenses were seen in the vitreous cavities during funduscopy and ultrasonography examination. After 1 month of using spectacles, the BCVA of the right eye was 6/18 and that of the left eye was 6/18 with the binocular BCVA was 6/15. Lensectomy with pars plana vitrectomy was planned to prevent complication. Conclusion: Conservative visual rehabilitation is important to prevent amblyopia in children with luxated lenses and surgical treatment is needed to prevent complication. In this patient, aphakic spectacles were given for visual rehabilitation pending operative treatment.
Management of Pediatric Traumatic Cataract With An Open Globe Injury Levandi Mulja; Mayasari Wahyu; Irawati Irfani; Primawita Oktarima
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 48 No 2 (2022): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v48i2.100669

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic cataract is one of the leading causes of monocular blindness in children. The management of pediatric traumatic cataract is challenging; the growing size of the affected eyes and the risk of amblyopia further complicate things. The timing of cataract removal and IOL implantation remain controversial until today. Case Report: A thirteen-years-old boy came with his left eye punctured by a pencil tip. He came in with a visual acuity of 1/300, a full-thickness 5 mm paracentral corneal laceration and traumatic cataract. The patient went through a two-step surgery. Cataract surgery and IOL implantation was conducted one week following corneal laceration suture. Discussion: Two-step surgery was performed on this patient with consideration being cataract removal performed when the inflammation of the eye was subside and also a more accurate IOL calculation. One study stated, even with 43.4% of patient’s anterior capsule ruptures, it would postponed cataract surgery for 2 days up to 6 months. In this case, a week after first surgery, it revealed anterior capsule rupture and the lens material was touching corneal endothelium. Therefore, lensectomy was performed because it touches the corneal endothelium causing further damage Conclusion: The two-step procedure performed was a preferable surgery for a traumatic cataract in a quiet eye, because it has better potential for visual improvement and IOL calculation. However, since the anterior lens capsule ruptured and the lens material prolapsed into the anterior chamber, it would have been even better to perform lensectomy as an early procedure to prevent inflammation.
EFFICACY OF ATROPINE SULPHATE EYE DROPS IN CONTROLLING MYOPIA PROGRESSION: A REVIEW Arcci Pradessatama; Umar Mardianto
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No 1 (2023): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v49i1.100681

Abstract

Introduction: Myopia is major public health concern that has become increasingly common. Severe myopia has become one of the main causes of untreatable vision loss throughout the world, often due to its irreversible complications. Studies shows atropine can reduce myopia progression in children. Currently, there are no guidelines for the use of atropine specifically to control myopia progression. This study was made to review the efficacy of various atropine doses in controlling myopia progression. Methods: Literature searching was conducted in four online databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Search terms included were “Atropine” and “Myopia”. Validity was assessed using assessment tool from Cochrane. Efficacy was evaluated using myopia progression in spherical equivalent per year and axial lengthening per year. Results: Sixteen randomized controlled trial studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria and eligibility screening. Overall, atropine shows favorable results in spherical equivalent progression (D/year) compared to control, with SMD = -1.13, 95% CI (-0.58, -1.68). Less axial elongation (mm/year) was observed in atropine group, with SMD = -1.28, 95% CI (-0.18, -2.37). Atropine 0.01% concentration shows overall significantly better myopia progression and axial lengthening compared to control, with SMD = -0.76, 95% CI (-0.08, -1.44) and SMD = -0.63, 95% CI (-0.14, -1.12), respectively. Higher atropine doses showed larger effect sizes with higher occurrence of adverse effects. Conclusion: Atropine eye drops in various doses shows overall effective myopia control in spherical equivalent and axial lengthening. Atropine 0.01% has significant myopia progression inhibition with less adverse effects than higher doses.
CHALLENGES IN MANAGEMENT OF ENDOGENOUS ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN CHILDREN: A CASE SERIES Eko Parulian; Lukman Edwar
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No 2 (2023): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v49i2.100683

Abstract

Introduction: Endophthalmitis is one of the most feared disease in ophthalmology because it can lead to loss of vision and loss of the eyeball. Endophthalmitis from endogenous cause are very rarely found in young patients without immunocompromised condition, making it difficult to be diagnosed.  The lack of established guidelines for treating endogenous endophthalmitis also presents challenges for ophthalmologist.  In this case series, we present our management of two pediatric patients with different presentations of endogenous endophthalmitis. We manage to salvage both of the patient’s eye ball with two different approaches. Case Report: Our first patient was a 2-years-old boy with a chief complaint red eye since 10 days before admission. He was previously diagnosed with conjunctivitis. On admission the left eye was not very inflamed but we found hypopion and vitreous haze  from ultrasound, suggestive of endophthalmitis.  We gave the patient systemic antibiotics and did irrigation/aspiration of the anterior chamber. He responded well to our therapy and was discharged on tenth day of admission. 2. A 6-years-old girl with a chief complaint red painful eye since 2 days before admission.  On admission, the eye was very inflamed with limited movement. The USG revealed vitreous haze suggestive of endophthalmitis. She was then given systemic and intravitreal antibiotics but showed poor response. Intravenous steroid was then given and the condition was improved. She was discharged on the fifth day. Discussion: Our two patients came with two different presentations and responds to systemic antibiotics which was considered the mainstay of treatment in endogenous endophthalmitis. The first patient responded well with systemic and intracameral antibiotics while the second patient condition was improved only after the addition of intravenous steroid. Close observation with re-examination and re-evaluation should be done repeatedly to decide which treatment option should be administered. Conclusion: Diagnosis and management of young patient with endogenous endophthalmitis is challenging. Thorough history taking, physical examination, laboratory examination, and microbiology examination should be done to make a prompt diagnosis and management.  
ANATOMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NON-ARTERITIC ANTERIOR ISCHEMIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY Regar, Evan; Sidik, M. Sidik
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 50 No 1 (2024): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/2czy9a82

Abstract

Introduction: Non-arteritic anterior Ischemic optic neuropathy refers to condition in which damage to the anterior optic nerve is presumed to be secondary to ischemia of the anterior part of the optic nerve. This condition is irreversible, and the visual prognosis is generally guarded. To date, there is no definitive high-grade evidence for an effective treatment of NAION. The purpose of this literature review is to assess the results of currently published literatures regarding the management of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, taking anatomical and functional outcomes into consideration. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using online databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar) using relevant search terms. Included studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Results: Systemic and locally-administered corticosteroid indicated various responses, as well as anti-VEGF, however suggesting no positive effects. Rho-kinase as a vasodilator improved visual acuity in a small study. Erythropoietin and cytidine diphosphocoline (citicoline) suggested visual acuity improvement, while only citicoline improved visual field improvement and prevent further RNFL thinning, in non-randomized controlled studies. Conclusion: No high-quality evidence of intervention has been shown to enhance both anatomical and functional outcome. Many studies were also insufficient to conclude. Further studies are needed, including neuroprotective and novel vasodilator agents.
PERBANDINGAN SIKLOKRIOTERAPI KOMBINASI DENGAN RETROBULBAR KLORPROMAZIN VS SIKLOKRIOTERAPI SAJA DALAM MENURUNKAN TEKANAN INTRAOKULAR DAN NYERI PADA GLAUKOMA TAHAP AKHIR Muhammad Raditya Fadhil Fadhil; Retno Ekantini; Tatang Talka Gani; Krisna Dwi Purnomo Jati
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No 2 (2023): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v49i2.100690

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with end-stage glaucoma often came with a painful blind eye. One of the managements is cyclocryotherapy (CCT) or retrobulbar chlorpromazine (CPZ). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the combined use of cyclocryotherapy and retrobulbar chlorpromazine versus cyclocryotherapy alone in reducing the intraocular pressure (IOP) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores in end-stage glaucoma patients. Methods: Samples were taken from patients who enrolled in the Ophthalmology Clinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022. Samples were then divided into 2 groups, the CCT+CPZ group received the combination of cyclocryotherapy and retrobulbar chlorpromazine and the CCT group received only cyclocryotherapy. IOP and VAS pain scores pre-operation and 30th-day post-operation were examined.  Results: Thirty-three patients were included in the CCT+CPZ group and 17 patients were included in the CCT group. The mean IOP and VAS pain scores 30th-day post-operation in the CCT+CPZ group were 22.6±10.3 mmHg and 1.6±1.3 vs pre-operation 44.9±19.5 mmHg and 7.9±1.7 (p=0.000). Patients in the CCT group also show a significant reduction in both mean IOP and VAS pain scores 31.4±16 mmHg and 2.6±2.3 vs pre-operation 54.4±7.4 mmHg and 8.4±2.1 (p=0.001). Both IOP and VAS pain scores at 30th-day post-operation were significantly lower in the CCT+CPZ group compared to the CCT group (p=0.030 and p=0.013, respectively). Conclusion: There were statistically significant differences between patients who received a combination of cyclocryotherapy and retrobulbar chlorpromazine in reducing the IOP and VAS pain score compared with patients who received only cyclocryotherapy.
A RARE CASE OF SUBCONJUNCTIVAL HEMORRHAGE POST COVID-19 mRNA VACCINE: A CASE REPORT: A Rare Case of Subconjunctival Hemorrhage Post COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine: A Case Report Jovita Jutamulia; Arlin Chyntia Dewi; Salma Salsabila; Vicky Octaviani
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No 2 (2023): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/journal.v49i2.100699

Abstract

Introduction: Concurrently with the administration of COVID-19 vaccine, adverse event following immunization (AEFI) began to be reported. Some reactions involve various systems of the human body, including the ocular system. Although uncommon, subconjunctival hemorrhage also can be found, as shown in this report. Case Report: We present a case of a 68-year-old woman with subconjunctival hemorrhage a couple hours before admission. Patient also came with complaints of sudden redness and pain in left eye. Two days prior, she had her first dose of Moderna vaccine. Left eye examination revealed hemorrhage on conjunctiva with normal visual acuity. Other ocular examinations couldn’t be done due to the lack of facilities and severe pain. No other symptoms were mentioned. Patient was advised to be referred to an ophthalmologist, but she refused. After a month, the patient reportedly experienced similar complaints after receiving the second dose of Moderna vaccine. another redness and discomfort in her left eye. Her left eye was red, itched, and swollen. However, she still refused to go to an ophthalmologist. Oral analgesic, oral antihistamine, and artificial tears were given. The symptoms were completely resolved in a couple days. Conclusion: Subconjunctival hemorrhage may occur as mRNA Vaccine AEFI specifically in patients with underlying disease, however further research is needed.

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