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Journal of Law and Legal Reform
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 27150941     EISSN : 27150968     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
The Journal seeks to disseminate information and views on matters relating to law reform, including developments in case and statute law, as well as proposals for law reform, be they from formal law reform bodies or from other institutions or individuals
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 145 Documents
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Integrating AI into Small Claims Courts: Lessons from Global Practices for Legal Reform in Indonesia Satrio, Dwi Bintang; Artaji, Artaji; Fakhriah, Efa Laela; Yassine, Chami
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.24028

Abstract

Indonesia’s civil judicial system persists in facing procedural inefficiencies, especially with small claims, notwithstanding the implementation of the e-Court system. The lack of intelligent assistance in this digital infrastructure obstructs the achievement of efficient, rapid, and cost-effective adjudication as required by law. This study seeks to investigate the potential incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into Indonesia’s small claims process as a tool for legislative and institutional change. The research used a normative legal methodology, incorporating statutory and comparative analyses, to derive insights from the regulatory frameworks and judicial innovations of China, Singapore, and Canada. These jurisdictions have effectively utilized AI for claim classification, procedural assistance, and facilitating access for self-represented litigants, according to the results. In contrast to traditional digital technologies, AI facilitates cognitive capabilities like pattern identification and legal triage, which can substantially reduce administrative burdens and improve judicial uniformity. The study presents a reform approach for Indonesia that integrates AI in the initial procedural phases—specifically in claim registration and preliminary review—while maintaining judicial independence and due process. This study’s originality resides in its integration of comparative law, legal technology, and Indonesian procedural realities to present a contextually relevant, ethically informed paradigm for AI-enhanced adjudication. If properly regulated and strategically implemented, this integration can convert small claims courts into more accessible, efficient, and equitable institutions, reinforcing the judiciary’s constitutional responsibility in providing substantive justice.
A Juridical Perspective On Press Ethics in Reporting the Identity of Child Victims of Immorality: Between Public Interest and Children’s Rights Susanto, Joko; Masyhar, Ali; Widyawati, Anis
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.30638

Abstract

Proper journalism in the reporting of child victims of immorality requires a strict ethical approach to protect the rights of victims and maintain the function of the press in conveying the truth. This article discusses important aspects such as victim protection, privacy rights, journalistic codes of ethics, and the role of the media in society. Through normative juridical analysis and descriptive research involving desk research and interviews with journalists, this article highlights the importance of striking a balance between freedom of speech and the social responsibility of the press. When covering sensitive issues like child sexual abuse, the press must uphold individual rights. We must adhere to the Journalistic Code of Ethics to ensure that the news does not violate the rights of victims. The role of the Press Council and law enforcement officials is crucial in enforcing the law, sanctioning violators, and ensuring justice for all parties. Analysis of the news indicates that there are still violations in the form of disclosing the identity of child victims, which should be kept confidential to protect their right to privacy and honor. This study confirms that safeguarding the honor and rights of victims, as well as supporting fair law enforcement and strict supervision of media practices, can create a responsible information environment. The findings provide an important reference for policymakers, media practitioners, and academics in improving the quality of ethical journalism that respects the rights of child victims of violence.
A Comparative Study of Electronic Commerce ODR: Legal Challenges and Reform Perspectives in China and Indonesia Xiangbin, Zuo; Dahlan, Nur Khalidah; Ahamat, Haniff
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.32326

Abstract

This article examines the differentiated development paths of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) systems in China and Indonesia, two core digital economies in ASEAN. China has established a centralized ODR framework through its “E-commerce Law,” which strengthens the enforcement of awards via a judicial coordination model. However, the exclusion of ad hoc arbitration in the “Arbitration Law” limits the effectiveness of platform autonomous awards (internal platform rulings). In contrast, Indonesia relies on platform autonomy, with platforms such as Tokopedia handling disputes. However, enforcement issues for mediation agreements arise from the absence of central legislation, fragmentation of jurisdiction across islands, and the failure of the Arbitration Law to recognize temporary arbitration (ad hoc arbitration). Shared challenges faced by both countries include barriers to mutual recognition of cross-border rulings, lack of technical standards, and privacy protection conflicts due to data localization policies. This article provides several policy recommendations: China should amend the Arbitration Law to recognize the validity of temporary arbitration and establish a national ODR data center to streamline the judicial confirmation process. Indonesia needs to quickly set up a central judicial certification center to make sure that all of its outer islands follow the same rules. This can be done by changing the E-commerce Law and the Arbitration Law. At the regional level, ASEAN should learn from the EU’s ODR platform by creating a system that recognizes certain cross-border rulings and setting up a data exchange center that balances Indonesia’s data storage needs with Singapore’s rules for sharing data across borders. The results supplement to legal reform scholarship by offering practical solutions for integrating ODR systems and harmonizing cross-border dispute resolution across ASEAN, fostering a dynamic adaptation of technical justice to legal authority in the digital age.
Transforming Credit Guarantees in Indonesia: Legal Reform and Digital Innovation at Askrindo Maulida, Aldehita Purnasanti; Angkasa, Angkasa; Suhadi, Suhadi; Munir, Abu Bakar
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.38585

Abstract

Credit guarantee institutions play a pivotal role in expanding financial inclusion, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which contribute over 60% to Indonesia’s GDP and employ approximately 97% of the national workforce (Kemenkop UKM, 2024). PT Asuransi Kredit Indonesia (Askrindo), a state-owned enterprise under the Indonesia Financial Group (IFG), serves as a key factor in mitigating credit risk and facilitating access to financing through its guarantee schemes. This study critically examines the legal reform of credit guarantee mechanisms in Indonesia by analyzing the regulatory framework governing Askrindo and its ongoing digital transformation. The research highlights regulatory fragmentation across the Insurance Law (Law No. 40/2014), OJK regulations, and Ministry of Finance policies, which often results in operational inefficiencies and legal ambiguities in claim settlement and risk management. Concurrently, Askrindo’s digital initiatives—such as the implementation of e-guarantee platforms, AI-based credit scoring, and integration with national MSME databases—have significantly improved service delivery and data transparency. Empirical data from Askrindo’s annual reports (2020–2024) indicate an 18.7% increase in guaranteed credit volume following digital adoption, with a notable reduction in manual processing time by 42%. However, unresolved legal disputes related to 12.3% of defaulted claims underscore the urgency of harmonizing digital innovation with legal accountability. Interviews with regulators and Askrindo executives further reveal gaps in consumer protection, audit mechanisms, and legal clarity surrounding digital guarantees. Using a law and economics approach, this article argues that Indonesia’s credit guarantee system requires a comprehensive legal reform that aligns regulatory oversight with digital innovation. Important suggestions include creating a single set of laws for digital guarantees, requiring clear information sharing, and adding real-time audit trails to improve accountability and protect MSME beneficiaries.
Analysis of Social Networks and Peer Contagion in Terrorism-Related Offences in Indonesia Susetyo, Heru; Arimbi, Reisa Suci; Andersen, Morten Koch; Wang, Shr-Jie
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.40357

Abstract

This article addresses a timely and important issue: terrorism recruitment and disengagement in the digital era. It explores the intricate dynamics of social networks and peer contagion and their role in processes of recruitment and disengagement in terrorism activities in Indonesia. It emphasizes on how close relations and peers significantly influence young individual behavior, often facilitated through digital spaces; social media, encrypted chat groups, and other content-sharing platforms, and explores potential avenues for prevention and disengagement. The research is based on in-depth interviews with 20 former inmates convicted of acts of terrorism between 2023 and 2025 in the greater Jakarta and west Java region, Indonesia. The finding highlights that social networks serve as critical outreach platforms, especially for the young people, for disseminating extremist ideologies, sharing biased information and propaganda content, and serve to promote recruitment for violent activities. It demonstrates how communication and information sharing via digital spaces platforms plays a crucial role in shaping the processes that lead young individuals towards violent ideologies and practices. In addition, we observed that on one hand peer influence plays a pivotal role in enabling recruitment but on the other hand for prevention and disengagement efforts; although, antisocial and violent behavior spreads more readily than prosocial behavior among peers. Analysis indicate that a clear understanding of the structure of these social networks and their dynamics, as well as the mechanisms of peer contagion is essential for developing effective preventive strategies and targeted interventions. Importantly, these findings have broader practical implications, which not only provides insights of contextual complexities of recruitment and disengagement that could inform future research , but also for policymakers and practitioners who could translate this knowledge into policies and develop interventions that strengthen protective social ties, foster trust and support among peers, and guide the responsible use of digital spaces in Indonesia, and beyond. Ultimately, this study recommends revising the terrorism law in Indonesia regarding digital literacy and responsible supervision of digital space to prevent the spread of radicalism through digital space.

Page 15 of 15 | Total Record : 145

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