Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an open-access journal published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada as scientific journal to accommodate current topics related to chemical and biochemical process exploration and optimization which covers multi scale analysis from micro to macro and full plant size. Specialization topics covered by Jurnal Rekayasa Proses are: 1. Kinetics and Catalysis Includes simulations and experiments in reaction kinetics, catalyst synthesis and characterization, reactor design, process intensification, microreactor, multiphase reactors, multiscale phenomena, transfer phenomena in multiphase reactors. 2. Separation and Purification System Includes phase equilibrium, mass transfer, mixing and segregation, unit operation, distillation, absorption, extraction, membrane separation, adsorption, ion exchange, chromatography, crystallization and precipitation, supercritical fluids, bioprocess product purification. 3. Process System Engineering Includes simulation, analysis, optimization, and process control on chemical/biochemical processes based on mathematical modeling; multiscale modeling strategy (molecular level, phase level, unit level, and inter-unit integration); design of experiment (DoE); current methods on simulation for model parameter determination. 4. Oil, Gas, and Coal Technology Includes chemical engineering application on process optimization to achieve utmost efficiency in energy usage, natural gas purification, fractionation recovery, CO2 capture, coal liquefaction, enhanced oil recovery and current technology to deal with scarcity in fossil fuels and its environmental impacts. 5. Particle Technology Includes application of chemical engineering concepts on particulate system, which covers phenomenological study on nucleation, particle growth, breakage, and aggregation, particle population dynamic model, particulate fluid dynamic in chemical processes, characterization and engineering of particulate system. 6. Mineral Process Engineering Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in mineral ore processing, liberation techniques and purification, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and energy efficiency in mineral processing industries. 7. Material and biomaterial Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in material synthesis, characterization, design and scale up of nano material synthesis, multiphase phenomena, material modifications (thin film, porous materials etc), contemporary synthesis techniques (such as chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, colloidal synthesis, nucleation mechanism and growth, nano particle dispersion stability, etc.). 8. Bioresource and Biomass Engineering Includes natural product processing to create higher economic value through purification and conversion techniques (such as natural dye, herbal supplements, dietary fibers, edible oils, etc), energy generation from biomass, life cycle and economic analysis on bioresource utilization. 9. Biochemistry and Bioprocess Engineering Includes biochemical reaction engineering, bioprocess optimization which includes microorganism selection and maintenance, bioprocess application for waste treatment, bioreactor modeling and optimization, downstream processing. 10. Biomedical Engineering Includes enhancement of cellular productions of enzymes, protein engineering, tissue engineering, materials for implants, and new materials to improve drug delivery system. 11. Energy, Water, Environment, and Sustainability Includes energy balances/audits in industries, energy conversion systems, energy storage and distribution system, water quality, water treatment, water quality analysis, green processes, waste minimization, environment remediation, and environment protection efforts (organic fertilizer production and application, biopesticides, etc.).
Articles
273 Documents
<![CDATA[Pengaruh pretreatment jerami padi pada produksi biogas dari jerami padi dan sampah sayur sawi hijau secara batch ]]>
<![CDATA[Dewi Astuti Herawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Andang Arif Wibawa]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 1 (2010): Volume 4, Number 1, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.572
<![CDATA[In the recent decades, population growth has increased energy consumption level. On the other hand, fossil energy sources are very limited and therefore the need to seek renewable energies as alternatives is inevitable. Agricultural and traditional market wastes can be used to produce biogas as renewable energy. The objectives of this study was to investigate the potential of rice straws and green mustard (Brassica Juncea) to produce biogas and the effect of pretreatment on the biogas production. Vegetable waste of green mustard and rice straws were mixed so that the C to N ratio was 20. Inoculums starter taken from bio-digester effluent was put into an erlenmeyer and water was then added to a total volume of 350 ml. Initial mixture pH was measured and nitrogen was fed to the reactor to get anaerobic condition while the erlenmeyer was isolated. Fermentation was conducted at temperature of 35°C. Volume and pH of the resulting biogas were measured everyday, while the methane content was analyzed every seven days. The fermentation process was observed for 49 days. Experimental results showed that the highest result was obtained from rice straw that was pretreated by adding EM-4 with the average biogas yield of 0,030 L/g VS after 21 days. The highest methane content was obtained after 28 days with a purity of 64,78% from the powdered rice straw. The experimental results showed that the rice straw pretreated with EM-4 addition could increase biogas yield by 188,48%.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemodelan dan simulasi kinetika reaksi alkoholisis minyak Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) dengan katalisator zirkonia tersulfatasi ]]>
<![CDATA[Heri Rustamaji]]>;
<![CDATA[Hary Sulistyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Arief Budiman]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 1 (2010): Volume 4, Number 1, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.571
<![CDATA[Jatropha oil is a very potential source of biodiesel fuel that can be processed through alcoholysis. In the present work, a study on alcoholysis of Jatropha oil with the use of solid acid catalyst was conducted in a wellmixed batch reactor. The study involved varying reaction temperatures of 100°C to 140°C, ethanol-oil molar ratio of 9, agitation speed of 1000 rpm and catalyst loading of 3% with respect to the oil. The reaction was carried out for 120 minutes; meanwhile samples were taken from the reactor every 15 minutes for glycerol analysis. In order to predict kinetics parameter of the alcoholysis reaction, a mathematical model of consecutive reactions was developed. The Matlab software was used to solve the simultaneous differential equations. Over the range of variables used in the experiment, the mathematical model was able to fit the experimental data quite well. The calculation results showed that the values of collision frequency factor for the consecutive reactions are 5.13 x 103; 5.682 x 103, and 2.534 x 103 (cm3/mgek) (cm3/g.cat/min). Meanwhile, the activation energies for the consecutive reaction are 4,176; 4,310 and 6,019 cal/mol.]]>
<![CDATA[Peningkatan kualitas pembakaran biomassa limbah tongkol jagung sebagai bahan bakar alternatif dengan proses karbonisasi dan pembriketan ]]>
<![CDATA[Untoro Budi Surono]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 1 (2010): Volume 4, Number 1, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.570
<![CDATA[Corn cob is one of potential agricultural wastes in Indonesia that can be processed into an alternative solid fuel. Carbonization (pyrolysis) followed by briquetting is one of the methods that can be applied to process biomass into solid fuels. This work investigated the influence of carbonization temperature and briquetting pressure on combustion characteristic of corn cobs biomass. In this work, carbonization was carried out at three different temperatures, i.e. 220ºC, 300ºC and 380ºC, while briquetting process was prepared using four pressure variations, i.e. 24.4 MPa, 48.8 MPa , 73.2 MPa and 97.6 MPa. The results showed that carbonization process of corn cobs increased the fixed carbon content and the heating value. The best operating condition for carbonization and briquetting process were obtained at temperature of 380ºC and pressure of 97.6 Mpa that could increase the fixed carbon content and the heating value up to 67% and 65% respectively. Carbonization process could reduce CO emission and combustion rate. It was found that a high briquetting pressure resulted in low combustion rate and CO emission.]]>
<![CDATA[Penjerapan ion logam cadmium dalam larutan encer menggunakan baggase fly ash teraktivasi ]]>
<![CDATA[Martha Helsanggi]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Prasetya]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 1 (2010): Volume 4, Number 1, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.569
<![CDATA[Bagasse fly ash is frequently used as an adsorbent for various heavy metals such as Cd2+ dissolved in water. Activation procedure is generally required preceding adsorption using BFA. Investigation of different activation treatments and the influences on BFA adsorption capacity is still scarce. In the present study, BFA was activated in HCl 1 N solution and in H2O2 solution at different concentrations of 0.01 N, 0.02 N and 0.05 N. The activated BFA was then used for adsorption of water containing Cd2+. Also, the effect of temperature on the adsorption was part of the study. Experimental results indicated that H2O2 activated BFA showed superior adsorption properties compared with the unmodified BFA (raw BFA). Meanwhile, activation treatment in HCl solution caused a decrease in adsorption quality. The results also showed that temperature increase would lead to a decrease in adsorption capacity.]]>
<![CDATA[Modifikasi pati ketela pohon secara kimia dengan oleoresin dari minyak jahe ]]>
<![CDATA[Diah Susetyo Retnowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Andre Cahyo Kumoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Budiyati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 1 (2010): Volume 4, Number 1, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.568
<![CDATA[Recently, starch modifications have been developed and are applied for food, paper and textile industries. In general, chemical modification has been done to improve starch functionality, especially for bread, cake and snack making. In the present work, suspension method was used to modify cassava starch by gingerol of crude ginger rhizome extract at room temperature. The effect of starch/water/gingerol (w/v/v) ratio on swelling power, water solubility, and cross-link density of the modified starch was investigated. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were also conducted to observe possible structural changes of the resulting starch. The experimental results showed that reactant composition that had a starch/water/gingerol (w/v/v) ratio of 300:400:0.4 produced modified starch suitable for edible coating with swelling power of 7.3 times, solubility of 6.662 mg/mL and cross-link density of 780.69 chains/cm3. Meanwhile, reactant having starch/water/gingerol (w/v/v) ratio of 300:300:0.3 produced modified starch that could be used for food with swelling power, solubility and cross-linking density of 8.96, 10.55 mg/mL and 203.85 chains/cm2, respectively. The cross-link densities achieved in this modification process were high and reproducible that indicated a strong interaction between starch and gingerol molecules in water as dispersant. However, there were no noticeable changes found from the micrograph of the SEM analysis on the external surface of the cassava starch.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh temperatur heat-treatment terhadap kekerasan dan struktur mikro paduan Al-Fe-Ni ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Husna Al Hasa]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 2 (2010): Volume 4, Number 2, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1891
<![CDATA[Fuel element manufacturing includes deformation process and annealing. Annealing process will change the properties of the metal. Thermal treatment will affect the nature of mechanical, physical and thermal properties of metal. This research aims to investigate the effects of thermal treatment on the properties of the materials, especially the hardness and phase of the metal alloy. Annealing process was carried out above recrystallization temperature and below melting point of the metal, e.g. 450°C, 500°C and 550°C. The hardness of Al-Fe-Ni alloy was determined by using Vickers method. The microstructure was observed by optical microscopy and grain microstructure was analyzed by DAS method. The phase structure analysis was done based on x-ray diffraction pattern. Heat treatment at three different temperatures of 450°C, 500°C and 550°C resulted in material hardness of 53 HV, 60 HV and 55 HV, respectively. Between 450°C - 500°C, the hardness of Al-Fe-Ni increased with increasing annealing temperature. On the other hand, above 500°C, the alloy hardness decreased with increasing annealing temperature. Optical metallographic observation results showed that the microstructure tends to change along with temperature increase. The microstructure of the Al-Fe-Ni alloy showed grain structure of dendritic that tends to wane at 550°C. Diffraction pattern analysis indicated that the formation of phase tended to increase at 500°C. The x-ray diffraction pattern also showed the tendency of formation of k (NiAl3) and τ (FeNiAl9) phase at 450°C. At 500°C the tendency was to form the phase τ (FeNiAl9), θ (FeAl3) and phase k (NiAl3). Meanwhile, τ (FeNiAl9) phase was preferably to form at 550°C. It was found that in the range of observed temperature, the maximum hardness of Al-Fe-Ni alloy was obtained at 500°C.]]>
<![CDATA[Teknologi co-processing : solusi alternatif mereduksi bahan bakar fosil dan gas CO2 di industri semen Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Yulius Pamungkas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 2 (2010): Volume 4, Number 2, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1890
<![CDATA[Co-processing technology in cement industry is defined as the technology to use wastes such as used oil, scrap tires and other organic wastes in order to reduce fossil fuel consumption. This technology also allows the utilization of material elements contained in the wastes such as alumina, silica and iron to substitute some of raw materials used in cement industry. In Europe, this technology is also known as co-incinerator and being used widely. Hazardous waste disposal in Indonesia is done traditionally using incineration technology. The incineration technology may result toxic ashes that require further treatment before it can be dumped into a secure landfill. Big industries that have combustion reactor system with high temperature such as cement industry, steel industry and power generation could utilize co-processing technology as their long term strategy to reduce both fossil and raw material consumptions. If this technology can be consistently applied in the big industries, it has big potential to reduce the use of fossil fuel (and global warming) and to lower the risk due to traditional hazardous waste disposal. Some keys for successful implementation of the co-processing technology in cement industries include the appropriate selection of feeding method and location; consistency in energy content of the wastes and waste treatments that are compliance with safety and environmental laws. Care should be taken in the use of this technology due to the variation in composition, shape and size of the wastes and its water and impurities content so that these variations would not affect the plant operation stability and the product quality.]]>
<![CDATA[Extraction and modification of gum from cashew tree exudates using wheat starch and glycerine ]]>
<![CDATA[Andri Cahyo Kumoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Diah Susetyo Retnowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Catarina Sri Budiyati]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 2 (2010): Volume 4, Number 2, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1889
<![CDATA[The objectives of this research were to extract cashew tree gum (CTG) from cashew tree exudates and to modify it into a new drying aid, which can act as a substitute for Arabic gum. The cost problem faced in the spray drying of fruit juices is expected to be solved with the use of modified CTG as a replacement of Arabic gum. The CTG was extracted and precipitated from its raw cashew exudates solution with the help of ethanol as antisolvent. Glycerine and wheat starch were the additives used in the modification of the gum. The good quality of modified CTG was obtained based on their close similarity to Arabic gum properties.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengembangan dan pengujian inokulum untuk pengomposan limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit ]]>
<![CDATA[Suharwaji Sentana]]>;
<![CDATA[Suyanto Suyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[M. A. Subroto]]>;
<![CDATA[Suprapedi Suprapedi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudiyana Sudiyana]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 2 (2010): Volume 4, Number 2, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1888
<![CDATA[Empty palm oil bunch waste is about 23% of the fresh bunches which is rich with important macro and micro nutrients for plant growth. However, those have not been optimally utilized. The objective of this experiment was to develop and to evaluate the inoculums which could be used to make compost from empty palm oil bunch wastes. The inoculums consisted of fungies and bacteria isolated from the empty palm oil bunches. The isolates were then grown and fermented on to a particular media. The inoculums were then evaluated at laboratory scale according to the following methods. About 2 kg of 2 cm long crushed empty palm oil bunches were put in particular places and were then inoculated by the inoculums at a dosage of 500 and 1000 ml/ton of wastes. The experiment was done at triplicates and the relative humidity during the experiment was kept constant at 60%, and temperature was recorded until the end of the experiment. Water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, and magnesium contents of the composts were analysed. The inoculums that consisted of fungies and bacteria were successfully developed and it was called “Indigenous Microbial Consortium”. The inoculums could be used to make good quality of composts.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimasi proses nitrasi pada pembuatan nitro selulosa dari serat limbah industri sagu ]]>
<![CDATA[Purnawan Purnawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4 No 2 (2010): Volume 4, Number 2, 2010 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1887
<![CDATA[Nitrocellulose production from sago fibers was conducted in two steps, i.e. delignification and nitration processes. This work studied the nitration process of sago fiber cellulose. Before nitration, the lignin was removed using the nitrate soda process utilizing nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. The nitration process used an acid solution consisting of nitric acid and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The process was carried out in a three neck flask equipped with stirrer and temperature control. The effects of reaction time, nitric acid concentration, and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were investigated. The results showed that the best operating conditions obtained for the reaction time, cellulose to mixed acid ratio and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were 1.5 hours, 1:20 and 1:4 respectively in which the product yield and nitrogen content were found to be 151.22% and 13.39%. This nitrogen content was close to the theoretical maximum nitrogen content of 14.14%.]]>
