AUSTENIT
AUSTENIT (pISSN 2085-1286 and eISSN 2622-7649) is a peer-reviewed open access journal published by Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya. Focused on original articles in the form of technical and vocational research results or literature review which provides insight in the field of mechanical engineering and machinery that includes Mechanical Structure, Manufacturing, Metallurgy Sciences and Engineering, Design Engineering, Maintenance and Repair Engineering, Fluid Dynamics, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning), Heat-Mass Transfer, Sustainable Renewable Energy, Mechatronic and Control Systems or as well as other related Mechanical Engineering field study.
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<![CDATA[STUDY OF EXHAUST GAS RESIDUAL HEAT CONVERSION HRSG PLTGU KERAMASAN TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY WITH GENERATOR THERMOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY ]]>
<![CDATA[Hari Firmansah]]>;
<![CDATA[Irwin Bizzy]]>;
<![CDATA[Agung Mataram]]>;
<![CDATA[Riman Sipahutar]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.6745
<![CDATA[The Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) is a combination of a Gas Power Plant (PLTG) and a Steam Power Plant (PLTU), this plant utilizes exhaust gas from the PLTG to produce steam as the working fluid in the PLTU. The residual heat from the heating process at the HRSG is channeled into the chimney, and the remaining heat from the exhaust gas can be converted into electrical energy with the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) module. This research was carried out by installing the TEG module in series on the surface of the HRSG chimney wall, using laboratory scale measurements. The heat source uses a heater with a total power of 2,000 W. The research results show that the TEG module can convert the residual heat energy of the exhaust gas from the HRSG chimney into electrical energy. Four TEG modules mounted on the chimney surface can generate a voltage of 0.83 V and a maximum power of 2.79 mW. These results indicate that the TEG module is an opportunity to convert heat energy into electrical energy for further development.]]>
<![CDATA[DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC BREAD CUTTING MACHINE ]]>
<![CDATA[Made Rahmawaty]]>;
<![CDATA[Rieke Yolanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Hendriko Hendriko]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.6766
<![CDATA[Before being marketed, white bread will usually be cut first. Small to medium scale bread entrepreneurs still use conventional tools in the form of standard bread knives, whose use is still less effective. This bread cutting machine is designed for small to medium sized bakers to make their work easier and more efficient. This machine is designed using a vertical blade movement method with an AC motor as the driving force and is controlled using a sequential circuit. The initial process of this machine is to press the pushbutton, then place the bread on the bread tray which has a proximity sensor as a bread detector and the cutting process is carried out, when the sensor does not detect the presence of bread the machine will stop working automatically. Electronic system control is carried out sequentially which is more efficient in its application. From the test results obtained that the thickness of the bread is 12 mm. The main driver of the cutting is 1 phase and uses a dimer to adjust the rotational speed of the 1 phase motor. The cutting process with a maximum motor speed can cut 1 loaf for 38 seconds.]]>
<![CDATA[DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERWATER ROV (REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE) SYSTEMS AND MECHANISM ]]>
<![CDATA[Tianur Tianur]]>;
<![CDATA[Bagas Prayoga Suswanto Suswanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Hendriko Hendriko]]>;
<![CDATA[Made Rahmawaty]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.6957
<![CDATA[ Remotely Operated Vehicle or abbreviated as ROV is an underwater explorer robot where the robot is controlled remotely by an operator using a remote control system. Water ecosystems certainly have various kinds of hazards that cause harm to divers, such as wild animals, waters contaminated with toxic waste, limited oxygen, and many other risks. Based on these problems, research was carried out, namely the Design and Development of Underwater ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) Mechanisms and Systems where the tool built is an underwater robot that uses 8 DC motors to be able to perform 12 types of movements under water. The final result obtained by the ROV is that it is able to perform all of these movements except for the right somersault and left somersault. The speed and direction of rotation of the motor is controlled by a device, namely the BTS7960 motor driver. This robot aims to measure pressure and temperature and capture images underwater to a depth of 4m. Pressure and temperature measurements were made using a BMP180 pressure sensor and a DS18B20 temperature sensor where the measurement results will be displayed on a 16x2 LCD. Based on the test results, the pressure sensor has an error rate of 3.6% and a temperature sensor of 0.34%. Images and videos are captured by a device, namely a CCTV camera where the device is connected to a laptop device as a monitor. The test produced results in the form of images and videos that were quite clear.]]>
<![CDATA[THE ENHANCEMENT OF TEMPERATURE IN BOILER BY STEAM INJECTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Iriani Reka Septiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Rima Daniar]]>;
<![CDATA[Dilia Puspa]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul Kholidah]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7043
<![CDATA[The boiler is equipment widely used in various industrial sectors such as power plants, fertilizer plants, paper mills, and others. The combustion chamber is an important part of the boiler which can determine the quality of the steam product. The main problem has happened in combustion chambers such as unburned hydrocarbon/carbon loss which is called fouling. Fouling has occurred in many boilers, which use coal or oil as fuel for the production of steam and decreases boiler performance. The purpose of this research is to increase temperature by adding steam injection to reduce fouling to compare with and without steam injection. Two indicators that have the potential to enhance heat transfer are the elevation in temperature and the reduction in fouling percentage. The variables in this research were air flow of 15 L/min, 17,5 L/min, and 20 L/min and steam injection pressure of 2 bars, 3 bars, and 4 bars. The maximum temperature enhancement was 37,5% in 15 L/min of air flow at a steam injection pressure of 2 bars and 3 bars. The maximum fouling abatement was 78,57% in 15 L/min at a steam injection pressure of 4 bars.]]>
<![CDATA[INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF WINDOW SHADES TYPE ON THE OTTV IN U COLLEGE BUILDING OF BANDUNG STATE POLYTECHNIC ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Akmal]]>;
<![CDATA[Annisa Syafitri Kurniasetiawati]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7064
<![CDATA[The U building is the college building for the Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, Bandung State Polytechnic. However, during the afternoon teaching, the third floor is often complained of feeling hot and disrupting the teaching and learning process. This is caused by the size of the window on the third floor is too large and does not use any shade. This research was conducted to determine the OTTV value of the existing U Building and then investigate the potential for improving the OTTV value by changing window glass materials or adding shading such as window film. This study used primary and secondary data collection methods. The primary data consisted of: building dimensions, glass dimensions, door dimensions, ambient temperature, inside temperature, wall and glass surface temperatures, and glass types. Meanwhile, some secondary data, namely building U as built drawings, wall specifications, and glass specifications used. It was found that the existing OTTV value of the Lecture U Building reached 39.78 W/m2 where this value was above the SNI 03-6389 2011 standard. By investigating the installation of shading such as window film and double glass it was possible to minimize the building's OTTV value to 36.78 W/m2 for window film and 33.86 W/m2 for the addition of double glass accompanied by window film.]]>
<![CDATA[PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BIO-BRIQUETTING MACHINE WITH SCREW EXTRUDER TYPE BASED ON QUALITY OF BIO-BRIQUETTES ]]>
<![CDATA[Dilia Puspa]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Yerizam]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Zamheri]]>;
<![CDATA[Agum Try Wardhana]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7218
<![CDATA[he purpose of this study is to design a bio-briquetting machine with screw extruder type to convert biomass into higher density based on quality standard of charcoal briquette SNI 01-6235-2000 and SNI 19-4791-1998. The machine had production capacity of 30 kg/hour, equipped with the motor of 1 HP which transmitted to the machine through pulley and belt, and also has cutter which rotates continuously. The raw materials of the bio-briquette were using bagasse and coconut shells. There are 6 parameters that are used to test the quality of bio-briquette such as calorific value, inherent moisture, ash content, dependability pressure, volatile matter content, and fixed carbon content. The bio-briquette was made from the raw materials using amylum adhesives with ratio 30:70:30. With feed as 5 kg, the machine produced 50 pieces of bio-briquette. The machine could produce good bio-briquettes such as calorific value of 6,511.3 cal/g, inherent moisture of 1.97%, ash content of 5.88%, volatile matter of 27.71%, fixed carbon content of 64.99% and compressive strength was 16.98 kg/cm2.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF PARALLEL COUPLING OF CHLOR-ALKALI AND ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS WITH COMBINE CATHODE FLUID CIRCULATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Andri Pratama]]>;
<![CDATA[Riman Sipahutar]]>;
<![CDATA[Irwin Bizzy]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7517
<![CDATA[Hydrogen is almost ideal fuel in reducing emissions without CO, CO2, SOX or NOX. Hydrogen can be used through the combustion or Fuel Cell processes so that emissions are low. One of the hydrogen production processes is through electrolysis, both Chlor-Alkali (CA) and Alkaline Water Electrolysis (AWE). Both processes contained a NaOH solution in the CA and catalyst results in AWE. In this test, a combination of CA and AWE processes will be carried out in the fluid circulation at the cathode of two processes. From this study it was found that there was an increase of 11 percent by weight of gas when CA and AWE cathode fluid were circulated in parallel compared to the CA and AWE processes respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[BIOCOMPATIBLE P(TM co SA-CAA) HYDROGELS WITH pH RESPONSIVE AND ENHANCED MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE ]]>
<![CDATA[Gustini Gustini]]>;
<![CDATA[Kaprawi Kaprawi]]>;
<![CDATA[Hasan Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Irmawan Irmawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Irsyadi Yani]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurhabibah Paramita Eka Utami]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7536
<![CDATA[In recent years, development of hydrogel that combines biocompatibility, pH responsive and mechanical performance has attracted the attention of researchers. A novel biocompatible hydrogel, composed of P(TM co SA) and P(TM co CAA) was synthesized by a simple admixture and heating process. The results show that with increasing levels of SA-CAA monomer concentration, an increase in tensile strength and elongation at breakpoint was observed and optimal at the ratios P(TM co SA CAA). Tensile strenght and young’s modulus registered an impressive increase of 43% and 40% respectively. These improvements are attributed to strong synergistic hydrogen bonding interactions between the TM and SA-CAA chains. During the experiment, maximum increase in weight was also achieved at pH 10 NaOH solution, it is show the pH-responsive hydrogels. The investigation of P(TM co SA-CAA) hydrogel mechanism showed that more homogenous dispersed through crosslinks dominated by β-sheets from Amide I structures. Furthermore, the SA-CAA molecules contributed to the biocompatibility, pH responsive and mechanical performance of P(TM co SA-CAA) hydrogels. Conclusively, its P(TM co SA-CAA) hydrogels clearly demonstrated the relevance of the provide a bioresponsive material for biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and pH-sensitive drug delivery.]]>
<![CDATA[OPTIMIZATION ROUGHNESS LEVEL OF TURNING FROM ALUMINUM SCRAP SMELTING RESULT USING SAND CASTING METHOD ]]>
<![CDATA[Indra Gunawan]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Awal Muarif]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Arif Fadilah]]>;
<![CDATA[Almadora Anwar Sani]]>;
<![CDATA[Rachmat Dwi Sampurno]]>;
<![CDATA[Khairul Apandi]]>;
<![CDATA[RA. Jihan Ulima Achva]]>;
<![CDATA[Riski Ayuni]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.7590
<![CDATA[The Production Machinery Workshop at the Sriwijaya State Polytechnic are producing a lot of aluminum scrap left over from turning, where this waste is still thrown away. This will cause pollution to the environment and will be detrimental to the Sriwijaya State Polytechnic workshop. Casting is one way to deal with aluminum scrap, scrap be melted and then reshaped into a practical material that can be reused. The use of sand as a printing medium in recycling scrolls is not recommended because it is less effective and efficient in terms of long-term use. After research has been carried out, the resulting aluminum shaving waste can be reused as practical material provided that the shavings must be separated from other waste such as iron and steel. In the optimization process, the best value is obtained at the spindle speed factor of 900 rpm (A1), then the feeding depth at 0.5 mm (B1), and the feeding speed at 0.08 mm/put. ]]>
<![CDATA[DESIGN OF BAJAKAH ROOT CHOPPING MACHINE INTO TEA POWDER ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Zainul Abdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Saparin Saparin]]>;
<![CDATA[Yudi Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Eka Sari Wijianti]]>
<![CDATA[ AUSTENIT Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): AUSTENIT: October 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.53893/austenit.v15i2.8093
<![CDATA[Tea (camellia sinensis) is one type of plant that is often found as a processed beverage. There are several raw materials for making tea that are often used including using leaves, shoots, flowers, and roots. One of the teas made from roots is bajakah root tea where the manufacturing process is still done in the traditional way, namely chopped using a machete. Therefore, in this study, a bajakah root chopping machine was designed with the aim of helping the bajakah root production process into tea powder. This bajakah root chopping machine into tea powder is designed using the France method with the demands of a sturdy frame and easy to move. This bajakah root chopping machine has dimensions of 340 mm long, 240 mm wide and 600 mm high. The engine is driven by an electric motor with a power of 0.5 Hp, a rotation of 1400 rpm using a pulley drive system with a ratio of 1: 1.5 and the rotation of the chopper shaft is 933 rpm. From the test results taken from a sample of 500 grams of raw material with 3 times testing, the resulting average is perfectly chopped as much as 389 grams, not perfectly chopped as much as 54 grams, with a time of 167.3 seconds. The production capacity of the machine is 8.37 kg/hour. The machine that has been made is able to chop bajakah roots with a machine production efficiency of 77.8%.]]>
