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Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 14116022     EISSN : 26139464     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
The Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan aims to publicize the results of research concerning economics and development at national, and international levels with particular emphasis on the application of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 111 Documents
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Exploring the interaction between Kendari’s economic growth and its hinterland Anggraini, Yuyun; Prima, Suci Rahmawati; Triani, Neks; Hariono, Hariono
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.9456

Abstract

In order to attain high economic growth and equitable economic development, each region has to determine its regional economic growth centre.  The existence of an economic growth center allows for the concentration of economic activity, which in turn has a ripple effect on the surrounding areas (Hinterland). This study was carried out to identify the primary centres of economic growth in Kendari and analyse their interactions and influence on the surrounding hinterland. This study employed both primary and secondary data, which were analysed using scalogram analysis, centrality index analysis, and gravity analysis. The findings indicate that among the eleven sub-districts in Kendari, three of them, namely Kadia, Kendari Barat, and Mandonga, serve as economic growth centres. Each economic growth centre is connected with a primary hinterland that exhibits the highest level of attraction or interaction value when compared to other districts. Among these centres, Kadia is the sub-district with the higher growth centre hierarchy and it has the highest interactions with Wua-wua. The interaction value between Kadia and Wua-wua is 139595130.7. Kendari Barat is the second growth centre in terms of its interactions with Mandonga, with an interaction value of 710383315.6. Mandonga is the third growth centre that has the highest level of interaction with Kendari Barat, with an interaction value of 710383315.6. The implication of the study is to formulate more targeted policies based on strong empirical evidence.
Flypaper effect phenomenon on regional spending: Evidence from Lampung province Suripto, Suripto; Istanti, Istanti; Setyawan, Rai Rake; Aulia, Fina Hajar
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i1.9482

Abstract

The existence of constitutional changes due to regional autonomy and changes in financial authority as a result of decentralization are expected to make provinces in Indonesia more flexible in using regional financial budgets. However, the use of regional budgets exceeds central government transfers towards more consumptive regions, which impacts the flypaper effect phenomenon. This study aims to identify the government's fiscal influence on regional spending and the influence of flypaper on the effectiveness of regional spending. The aim of this research is also to analyze the possibility of a flypaper effect on regional spending in districts/cities in Lampung province and to see the influence of own sources revenue (PAD), general allocation funds (DAU), special allocation funds (DAK), profit sharing funds (DBH) on regional spending. Research location in Lampung Province (district/city) for the 2016-2020. The number of samples used was 15 districts/cities. The data source from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) website is secondary data from the annual Regional Financial Statistics report for Lampung Province. The analytical tool used is panel data regression. The research results show that PAD and DAU are significant to regional spending, while DAK and DBH are not significant to regional expenditures. This indicates that with five years of regional spending, Lampung Province has a flypaper effect phenomenon.
Market volatility on the balance of payments in ASEAN countries Andini, Nova Riza Ayu
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i1.9577

Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of volatility on the stock market proxied by stock indices and financial markets proxied by exchange rates on the balance of payments proxied by direct investment (FDI) in ASEAN member countries for the period 2013 to 2022. The balance of payments is a systematic record of economic transactions involving one country with another country in a certain period of time, therefore the balance of payments can be influenced by various components, one of which is the market. This research is important because the results of previous research are inconsistent and over time many economic phenomena occur that will affect a country's balance of payments. The novelty of this study lies in its particular focus on the effect of market turmoil on the balance of payments in ASEAN countries. This study used quantitative methods using secondary data. This research uses panel data analysis techniques with a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach. The results of this study show that partially the stock index has a significant positive effect and the exchange rate has a significant negative effect on the balance of payments. This research can provide important insights for business decision makers, governments, and international institutions to understand and respond to rapid economic developments in ASEAN.
Tourism sector in Bukittinggi: Analysis of tourism competitiveness before and after COVID-19 Syawal, Fadhilah; Satrianto, Alpon
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.9611

Abstract

The tourism industry, a crucial service sector, has been significantly impacted by the global pandemic, Covid-19. This impact has not only affected the development of tourism but also the regional economy. Bukittinggi, a key tourism city in West Sumatra, now more than ever, requires a competitive analysis to ensure its continuous growth. This research is aimed at analyzing and comparing Bukittinggi's tourism competitiveness before and after Covid-19. The research, a quantitative descriptive study with an exploratory research design, utilizes Competitiveness Monitor analysis. The data, sourced from BPS, BKD, and Bukittinggi Tourism Office, is secondary. The research results present the comparative results of the Tourism Competitiveness Analysis of Bukittinggi city as follows: a). PCI before Covid-19 was greater than after Covid-19; b). EI competitiveness before Covid-19 was higher than after Covid-19; c). HTI after Covid-19 was higher than before Covid-19; d). IDI after Covid-19 is higher than before Covid-19; e). OI after Covid-19 is higher than before Covid-19; 6). HRI after Covid-19 is higher than before Covid-19; f). TAI Value competitiveness index after Covid-19 is higher than before Covid-19; g). SDI before and after Covid-19 is equal. This research explains comparison of Bukittinggi's tourism competitiveness before and after Covid-19. The contribution of study are: a). consideration on improving tourism sites; b). Tourism management needs to be carried out in an integrated manner; and c). The government is expected to conduct more repairs and maintenance on tourism locations to increase visitor comfort when traveling.
Analysis of exchange rates in the economic uncertainty era Salim, Tiara; Soelistyo, Aris
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i1.9750

Abstract

The exchange rate, an essential macroeconomic indicator, reflects the economy's strength. In 2023, global economic uncertainty poses a risk to the health of a country's economy, particularly impacting the exchange rate, which is crucial for global economic transactions. This study examines how exports, inflation, interest rates, GDP, and a dummy variable for economic uncertainty affect the rupiah's value against the USD. The study employs the Error Correction Model (ECM) and tests based on classical assumptions to conduct this analysis. Understanding the indicators that influence fluctuations in the rupiah exchange rate is critical in planning effective economic policies, so this research is essential to provide in-depth insight into how short-term and long-term influences on the exchange rate are affected by independent variables as well as contributing to the understanding of policy in predict exchange rates. This research concludes that exports, inflation, and GDP are the factors that dominate this research in designing policies to maintain the stability of the Rupiah currency against the USD in facing the threat of economic uncertainty. The implication of the study that government needs to strengthen exports and maintain the stability of price to control inflation.
Analysis of human capital for infrastructure development relation to industrialization in Indonesia Afrianti, Nur Lailah; Syafitri, Syafitri; Anisa, Muni; Bintang, Khairil Insan
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.9758

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the value-added between infrastructure and industrialisation in Indonesia and both as critical aspect that supports the achievement of 9 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). SDG 9 focuses on building durable infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialisation, and encouraging innovation. This research focuses on analyze the impact of infrastructure on the level of industrialisation, taking into account the modulation by human capital. Data analysis was conducted using Stata version 16 software with the aim of testing the direct impact of variables as well as testing the indirect impact through the application of the Sobel test. The Sobel test aims to analyse the dataset from 1990-2022. This research specifically explores the Indonesian context as a case study, identifying infrastructure variables that are significant in shaping the level of industrialisation in the country. In addition, this research involves an in-depth analysis of the role of human capital in moderating the impact of infrastructure on the level of industrialisation.  The significance of this research lies in its potential to address critical knowledge gaps in understanding the complex interplay between infrastructure development, industrialization, and economic growth in Indonesia. The implication of the study that investment on infrastructure for industrialization can absorb labor.
Analysis of financial inclusion and financial stability on economic development in APEC member countries Putri, Nadhia Hananti; Sukarniati, Lestari; Asmara, Gea Dwi; Purna, Fitra Pasapawidya
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.9872

Abstract

Financial inclusion and financial system stability are important instruments in a country's economic development. Both financial systems are critical for developing countries to improve people's welfare, promote inclusive economic growth, and protect the financial system from shocks and crises. Financial inclusion is a measure of people's accessibility to financial products and services. Meanwhile, a stable financial system will accelerate the country's economy. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effect of financial inclusion and financial system stability on economic development in APEC member countries. The data used is in panel form using the Fixed Effect Model method. This paper takes 20 member countries of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) as the research object, collect the data from 2008 to 2021. The research results show that financial inclusion has a significant effect on the economy on the penetration and usability y proxies, while the availability proxy is not significant. Furthermore, the Bank Z-score as an indicator of financial system stability also has a significant influence on the economy, followed by two additional variables, namely inflation and the Financial Development Index. The conclusion is that financial inclusion and financial system stability have a positive influence on a country's economic development. Implications of this study suggest that the bank has to expand the network in the financial sector that the community can reach, then make people believe and be confident to create accounts so that people can conduct financial transactions easily and efficiently that help to improve the economy.
Analysis of regional growth center and hinterland in Bantul regency Putri, Alivia Rianti; Priyadi, Unggul
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.9974

Abstract

Increasing regional economic efficiency can be done through accelerated regional growth. Growth acceleration is known to produce two groups of regions, namely the growth center and Hinterland (supporting areas). This study aims to analyze the sub-districts that become growth centers and determine the value of community interaction between regions in Bantul Regency through comparative data in 2020 and 2022. In this study, secondary data is obtained through BPS Bantul Regency, which includes data, government facilities, education facilities, health facilities, worship facilities, economic facilities, communication facilities, tourism facilities, population, and distance between sub-districts. The analysis method used in this research is scalogram and gravity analysis, which was processed using Microsoft Excel. The results of the scaling analysis show that in 2020, there are five regional growth centers in Bantul Regency, which include Kasihan Subdistrict, Sewon Subdistrict, Banguntapan Subdistrict, Jetis Subdistrict, and Bambanglipuro Subdistrict. Meanwhile, in 2022, the scaling analysis shows that there are five regional growth centers in Bantul Regency, which include Banguntapan Sub-district, Sewon Sub-district, Jetis Sub-district, Kasihan Sub-district, and Kretek Sub-district. Then, the results of the gravity analysis show that there are different interaction values. The research results show that local governments need to prioritize the development of sub-districts that are still Hinterland by the RPJMD of Bantul Regency.
Village funds and village-level of economic growth: A case study in Pamekasan Oktaviya, Yetty Dewi; Sutikno, Sutikno
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.10200

Abstract

Village funds have become a significant strategy in the government's efforts to improve economic development at the village level, and village funds play a role in encouraging equitable village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency but still require a more in-depth evaluation. This research is based on the condition of even village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency villages, which is still below the average of 29.53. A study aims to analyze the relationship and how much influence there is between village funds, poverty-free villages, developing village index, and villages without disparity on the increase in the economic growth score of the village equally.  The data collection technique is a documentation technique sourced from the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration. The method used in this study is multiple linear regression. The study results show that the increase in the economic growth score of the village is evenly responded to positively by villages without poverty and without inequality. On the other hand, the increase in the economic growth score of the village is responded negatively by the village fund because the higher the economic growth score of the village is even, the village fund budget will be reduced. After all, the welfare of the community begins to be achieved. The implication of the study is to provide input for related agencies and village communities in increasing the score of equitable village economic growth in Pamekasan Regency villages.
Determinants of foreign direct invesment in eight ASEAN countries Rastiati, Rastiati; Khoirudin, Rifki
Optimum: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/optimum.v14i2.10236

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the influence of economic growth, labor, regulatory quality, political stability, and carbon emissions on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in eight member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). With strong economic growth, a qualified workforce, good regulations, stable politics, and low environmental degradation, ASEAN member countries have great potential for investment, which generates long-term returns. This makes the ASEAN region interesting to analyze the factors that influence FDI in the region. Using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) method and secondary data from the World Bank, this study combines cross-sectional and time-series data to provide a comprehensive overview. The research findings indicate that variables such as labor, regulatory quality, political stability, and carbon emissions have a significant impact on foreign direct investment in ASEAN countries. These findings underscore the importance of these factors in determining the direction and volume of foreign investment. This study contributes significantly to understanding the dynamics of foreign investment in the ASEAN region and highlights the importance of efforts to improve political stability, regulatory quality, and manage carbon emissions to drive economic growth through foreign capital inflows. The implications of these findings can serve as a policy foundation for governments and stakeholders in ASEAN to enhance the attractiveness of foreign investment.

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