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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
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Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Ni Luh Putu Pranena Sastri
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.46

Abstract

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) merupakan kondisi inflamasi kronik pada anak, terjadi pada usia < 16 tahun pada setidaknya 1 sendi selama kurang lebih 6 bulan tanpa penyebab lain. Insidens JIA 1-22 per 100.000 dan prevalensi 7-150 per 100.000. Diagnosis JIA cukup sulit karena tidak ada pemeriksaan penunjang spesifik. Berdasarkan The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR), ada 7 jenis JIA. Tatalaksana JIA menggunakan 2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Recommendations, dengan rekomendasi tahun 2019 untuk klasifikasi non-systemic polyarthritis, sacroilitis, dan enthesitis. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory condition in children, specific at <16 years of age in at least 1 joint for approximately 6 months without any other cause of joint inflammation. The incidence is 1-22 per 100,000 and prevalence is 7-150 per 100,000. Diagnosis is quite difficult because of no specific investigation and the clinical manifestations and symptoms are similar to various other diseases. Based on The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR), JIA is categorized into 7 types. Management use the 2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Recommendations, with new 2019 recommendation for non-systemic polyarthritis, sacroilitis and enthesitis.
Tinjauan atas Kanker Rongga Mulut Made Bayu Permasutha
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.47

Abstract

Kanker rongga mulut merupakan keganasan daerah mulut dan rongga mulut. Beberapa faktor risiko kanker rongga mulut yang sering ditemukan di Indonesia meliputi merokok, menyirih, penggunaan tembakau, dan minuman beralkohol. Tumor rongga mulut dibagi menjadi tumor jinak, lesi prakanker, dan kanker rongga mulut. Modalitas terapi kanker rongga mulut dan orofaring berupa pembedahan, terapi radiasi, kemoterapi, targeted therapy, dan paliatif. Oral cancer is a malignancy in the mouth and oral cavity. Some risk factors often found in Indonesia are smoking, betel chewing, tobacco use, and alcohol. Oral tumors are divided into benign tumors, precancerous lesions, and oral cancer. Therapeutic modalities for oral and oropharynx cancer consist of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and palliative.
Kadar Zinc Serum Penderita Psoriasis Tutik Rahayu; Eka Putra W; Marsita Endy D; Rina Diana; Nugrohoaji Dharmawan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.48

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Psoriasis adalah penyakit autoimun dengan dasar genetik dan dicetuskan oleh berbagai faktor di antaranya stresor fisik, stresor kimia, dan pajanan bahan-bahan kimia. Pembentukan radikal bebas dalam tubuh dapat dihambat oleh zinc. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui kadar zinc serum penderita psoriasis. Metode: Penelitian analitik komparatif numerik dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang. Sampel terdiri dari 10 orang penderita psoriasis dan 10 orang kontrol. Analisis sampel serum darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar zinc menggunakan inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-AES). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji independent sample T-Test dan bermakna jika nilai p<0,05.Hasil: Kadar zinc serum penderita psoriasis lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol (p = 0,02). Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease with a genetic basis and triggered by several factors such as physical stressors, chemical stressors, and exposure of chemical agent. The formation of free radicals can be inhibited by zinc. Objective: To determine serum zinc level among psoriasis patients. Methods: An analysis with numerical comparative, coss-sectional study design. Samples were 10 psoriasis and 10 non psoriasis patients. Analysis of blood serum samples for zinc levels used inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-AES). Statistical analysis used independent sample T-test with significant value p<0.05. Results: The serum zinc level was significantly lower in psoriasis patients compared to non-psoriasis group (p = 0.02).
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Kriptorkhismus Amry Irsyada Yusuf
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.49

Abstract

Kriptorkhismus merupakan kelainan genital paling sering terjadi pada bayi laki-laki. Faktor risikonya adalah prematuritas, riwayat keluarga, berat bayi baru lahir rendah, riwayat merokok selama kehamilan, penggunaan obat analgesik, dan pemberian hormon estrogen selama kehamilan. Diagnosis dengan pemeriksaan fisik yang baik penting untuk deteksi dini. Kriptorkhismus umumnya dapat turun spontan ke skrotum dalam enam bulan pertama kehidupan. Tatalaksana pembedahan masih menjadi pilihan dengan angka kesuksesan lebih tinggi dibandingkan terapi hormonal yang saat ini tidak lagi direkomendasikan. Tatalaksana awal kriptorkhismus dapat menurunkan risiko penurunan fertilitas dan risiko keganasan testis. Cryptorchidism is the most common genital malformation in boys. Risk factors are prematurity, family history, low birth weight, history of smoking during pregnancy, maternal use of analgesics, and exposure to high level estrogen during pregnancy. Proper physical examination contributes greatly to early detection. Most cryptorchidism can descend spontaneously into the scrotum without any medical interventions prior to six months. Surgical intervention remains the treatment of choice with a success rate significantly higher than hormonal therapy, which is no longer recommended. Early treatment can reduce risk of decreased fertility and testicular malignancy.
Troubled Helix – Tinjauan Multiperspektif Genetika dalam Bioetika Dito Anurogo; Arli Aditya Parikesit
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.50

Abstract

Dalam review ini, dibahas tinjauan multiperspektif genetika dalam bioetika. Dikemukakan prinsip-prinsip etika mutakhir, seperti: reciprocity, mutuality, solidarity, citizenry, dan universality. Dibahas pula prinsip-prinsip etika dan pemeriksaan genetika, seperti: otonomi, privasi, kebaikan, nonmaleficence, keadilan. Didiskusikan pula perspektif etnokultural dalam layanan genetika, milestones guideline etika dan regulasi riset biomedis internasional, prinsip-prinsip etika menurut Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 2005, hak asasi manusia dan etika profesional: apresiasi translasional, perspektif utilitarianisme, perspektif deontologi, “simalakama” pemeriksaan genetika, globalisasi bioetika, etika bioinformatika, dan riset eugenik. In this review, a multiperspective review of genetics in bioethics is discussed. The latest ethical principles are mentioned, such as: reciprocity, mutuality, solidarity, citizenry, and universality. The principles of ethics and genetic inquiry, such as: autonomy, privacy, kindness, nonmaleficence, justice was also discussed. Also discussed are multiperspective, ethnocultural perspectives in genetic services, milestones of ethical guidelines and international biomedical research regulations, ethical principles according to the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 2005, human rights and professional ethics: translational appreciation, utilitarianism perspective, deontological perspective, the “simulacra” of genetic examination, bioethics globalization, bioinformatics ethics, and eugenic research.
Terapi Topikal Kombinasi Krim Asam Traneksamat- 3%, Nikotinamid 3%, dan Microneedling pada Melasma (Pilot Study) Rakhma Tri Irfanti; Willa Damayanti; Putty Fatiharani Dewi; Putri Oktriana; Nurrachmat Mulianto; Prasetyadi Mawardi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.51

Abstract

Latar belakang: Melasma adalah hiperpigmentasi wajah pada wanita di area yang sering terpapar sinar matahari, bersifat kronik kambuhan. Saat ini formula Kligman masih menjadi pilihan terapi efektif tetapi mempunyai efek samping terutama pada pemakaian jangka lama. Kombinasi terapi asam traneksamat, nikotinamid, dan microneedling merupakan terapi alternatif yang aman dan efektif untuk jangka lama. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui keberhasilan terapi kombinasi topikal krim asam traneksamat 3%, nikotinamid 3%, dan microneedling dalam menurunkan skor MASI dan indeks melanin pasien melasma. Kasus: Dua pasien perempuan umur 45 dan 44 tahun dengan keluhan utama bercak hitam di wajah. Pasien 1 dengan melasma tipe campuran dan pasien 2 dengan melasma tipe epidermal. Pasien diterapi topikal menggunakan krim kombinasi asam traneksamat 3% dan nikotinamid 3% dengan microneedling. Microneedling dilakukan pada minggu ke-0, ke-4, dan ke-8. Evaluasi terapi saat minggu ke-0, 4, 8, dan 12, dengan skor MASI dan indeks melanin menggunakan Mexameter®. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan nilai skor MASI dan indeks melanin. Simpulan: Terapi kombinasi krim asam traneksamat 3%, nikotinamid 3%, dan microneedling dapat menurunkan skor MASI dan indeks melanin. Background:Melasma is chronic and recurrent facial hyperpigmentation common in women and in areas frequently exposed to sunlight. Kligman formula therapy is still the effective treatment but has several side effects especially in long-term use. Combination of tranexamic acid, nicotinamide, and microneedling is a safe and effective alternative for the long term therapy.Objective: To measure the effectiveness of topical combination therapy of 3% tranexamic acid cream, nicotinamide 3%, and microneedling in reducing MASI score and melanin index in melasma patients. Cases: Two females aged 45 and 44 years with facial black spots. First patient diagnosed as mixed type melasma and 2nd patient with epidermal type melasma. Patients were treated with topical combination of 3% tranexamic acid and 3% nicotinamide cream with microneedling. Microneedling were done in the 0th, 4th, and 8th weeks. Evaluation and measurement was done at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, with MASI scores and melanin index using Mexameter®. Results: There was a decrease in MASI score and melanin index. Conclusion: Combination therapy of tranexamic acid cream 3%, nicotinamide 3%, and microneedling could reduce MASI score and melanin index.
Tinjauan Penanganan Luka Bakar Akut Karena Api disertai Kecurigaan Trauma Inhalasi pada Geriatri: Laporan Kasus Winsen Haryono; Taufiq Sakti Noer Hidayat
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.52

Abstract

Luka bakar adalah trauma yang disebabkan oleh termal, arus listrik, bahan kimia, dan petir yang mengenai kulit, mukosa, dan jaringan yang lebih dalam. Trauma inhalasi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan paru. Para geriatri lebih rentan terhadap luka bakar karena mobilitas yang terbatas ditambah dengan ketidakmampuan fisik untuk bereaksi cepat dalam situasi berbahaya. A burn injury is a damage caused by thermal, electricity, chemicals, and lightning on the skin, mucosa, and deeper tissues. Inhalation injury can cause damage to the lungs. Geriatrics are more vulnerable to burns because of limited mobility coupled with physical inability to react quickly in dangerous situation.
Perkembangan Metode Kontrasepsi di Indonesia Fitri Afifah Nurullah
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.53

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara berpenduduk keempat terbanyak di dunia. Indonesia berupaya menurunkan TFR hingga 2,1 pada tahun 2025 dan menurunkan laju pertumbuhan penduduk (LPP) hingga di bawah 1,2%, antara lain dengan metode kontrasepsi. Kontrasepsi modern dibedakan menjadi kontrasepsi hormonal dan non-hormonal. Dibandingkan dengan jenis kontrasepsi hormonal lainnya, kontrasepsi injeksi dan pil adalah yang paling banyak digunakan dengan jumlah pengguna meningkat setiap tahun. Saat ini telah dikembangkan metode kontrasepsi koyo dengan microneedle berisi levonorgestrel yang diharapkan memiliki efikasi baik, efek samping minimal, mudah digunakan, tidak menghasilkan limbah tajam, dan dapat digunakan jangka panjang. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Indonesia projects to reduce its TFR to 2.1 by 2025 and reduce annual population growth rates to below 1.2%, with among other methods is the use of contraception. Modern contraceptives are divided into hormonal and non-hormonal contraception. Compared to other hormonal contraceptives, injectable contraceptives and pills are the most widely used with increasing users. A patch contraceptive method with microneedle containing levonorgestrel has been currently developed and expected to have good efficacy, minimal side effects, easy to use, does not produce sharp waste, and can be used long term.
Pilihan Tatalaksana Penyakit Perlemakan Hati Non-Alkohol (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/ NAFLD) Stefanus Imanuel Setiawan; Juferdy Kurniawan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.54

Abstract

Penyakit perlemakan hati non-alkohol (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/ NAFLD) merupakan kondisi adanya steatosis hepatik, inflamasi, dan kerusakan hepatosit (ballooning degeneration). NAFLD tidak hanya dianggap penyakit hati primer, tetapi juga merupakan bagian dari sindrom metabolik atau kondisi resistensi insulin dan penyakit terkait gaya hidup seperti diabetes, dislipidemia, dan hipertensi. Strategi tatalaksana NAFLD dimulai dari modifikasi gaya hidup, dapat dilanjutkan dengan terapi komponen sindrom metabolik, farmakoterapi, hingga penatalaksanaan sirosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease refers to a steatosis in liver, associated with inflammation and destruction of hepatocyte (ballooning degeneration). NAFLD is considered as primary liver disease, but also as a component of metabolic syndrome related to insulin resistance and other life-style-related diseases i.e diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Strategies in NAFLD management start with lifestyle modification, continued with pharmacological approaches targeting metabolic syndrome and complications related to cirrhosis.
Toksin Botulinum untuk Kasus Urogenital Angeline Fanardy
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.55

Abstract

Toksin Botulinum merupakan neurotoksin yang diproduksi oleh bakteri Clostridium. Neurotoksin menempel pada terminal kolinergik perifer dan menghambat pelepasan asetilkolin, menyebabkan relaksasi otot. Efek ini bermanfaat untuk beberapa kasus uroginekologi, seperti overaktivitas detrusor, painful bladder syndrome, nyeri pelvis kronik, vaginismus, vulvodynia lokal, dan disfungi ereksi. Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium bacteria. Neurotoxins attach to the peripheral cholinergic terminal and inhibit acetylcholine release, causing musclerelaxation. This effect is used as a therapeutic option for some urogynaecological cases, such as detrusor overactivity, painful bladder syndrome, chronic pelvic pain, vaginismus, local vulvodynia, and erectile dysfunction.

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