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Dita Arccinirmala
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INDONESIA
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Articles 1,276 Documents
Karakteristik Klinis Serta Pengaruh Reseptor ACE2 dan Sel Natural Killer Terhadap Gejala COVID-19 pada Anak Giovanni Reynaldo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 3 (2021): Obstetri - Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i3.56

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2, pertama kali dilaporkan di Wuhan, Cina, pada Desember 2019. Gejala pada anak umumnya cukup ringan. Faktor yang dapat berperan adalah usia di bawah 10 tahun, memiliki respons imun bawaan aktif, dan saluran napas yang lebih sehat, paparan terhadap asap rokok dan polusi lebih rendah dibandingkan pada orang tua, serta imaturitas reseptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) yang merupakan tempat utama berikatan COVID-19. Faktor lainnya adalah tingginya sel natural killer (NK). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Symptoms in children are generally mild. Factors that can contribute including innate immune response in children under 10 year-old, healthier airways, lower exposure to cigarette smoke and pollution compared to adult, and immaturity of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the most frequent binding site for COVID-19. Another factor that can contribute is the high level of natural killer (NK) cells.
Tingkat Empati Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia Novta Rouli Sihombing; Ita Armyanti; Arif Wicaksono
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.57

Abstract

Latar Belakang. Empati merupakan faktor penting dalam perawatan, pendidikan kedokteran, dan profesionalisme. Tujuan. Mengetahui tingkat empati mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura. Metodologi. Desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang, jumlah sampel 86 mahasiswa kedokteran tahun pertama, kedua, ketiga, dan keempat, dipilih menggunakan Probability Sampling jenis Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan kuesioner Jefferson Scale of Empathy Student version (JSE S-Version) yang telah diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia. Data sekunder berupa informasi jumlah mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran tahun pertama, kedua, ketiga dan keempat. Analisis statistik uji T tidak berpasangan dan uji One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Hasil. Rerata skor empati mahasiswa program studi kedokteran tahun pertama, kedua, ketiga, dan keempat adalah 114,77 (SD 10,187). Mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat empati rendah sebanyak 45 (52,3%) mahasiswa, dan yang memiliki tingkat empati tinggi sebanyak 41 (47,7%) mahasiswa. Hasil analisis statistik variabel jenis kelamin menunjukkan perbedaan rerata skor empati yang signifikan (p = 0,037), sedangkan variabel tahun pendidikan menunjukan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan (p = 0,136). Simpulan. Rerata skor empati mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura 114,77 menunjukkan tingkat empati yang tinggi. Mahasiswa perempuan memiliki rerata skor empati lebih tinggi dibandingkan mahasiswa laki-laki. Rerata skor empati mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran menurun tidak signifikan seiring meningkatnya tahun pendidikan. Background. Empathy is an important factor in patient care, medical education, and professionalism. Purpose. To measure the level of empathy among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine Tanjungpura University. Methodology. The research design was analytic cross-sectional approach with 86 respondents from first, second, third, and fourth year medical students, using the Probability Sampling method of Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Primary data was collected by Jefferson Scale of Empathy Student version (JSE S-Version) questionnaire Indonesian translation. Secondary data was from information on the Medical Study Program students in the first, second, third, and fourth year. Statistical analysis used independent samples T test and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Results. The mean empathy scores of first, second, third, and fourth year medical students are 114,77 (SD 10,187). Students with low level of empathy are 45 (52.3%) students, and high level of empathy was found in 41 (47.7%) students. Statistical analysis on gender variable showed a significant difference in the mean score of empathy (p = 0.037), while on the year of education variable did not result in significant difference (p = 0.037). Conclusion. The average empathy score among medical student at the Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University was 114.77, indicates a high level of empathy. Female students had higher mean empathy scores than male students. The mean empathy score of Medical Study Program students decreased not significantly with increasing years of education.
Epidemiologi dan Karakteristik Pasien Luka Bakar di RSUD Cibabat dalam Periode 5 Tahun (2015 – 2020): Studi Retrospektif Winsen Haryono; Anastasia Wibianto; Taufiq Sakti Noer Hidayat
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.58

Abstract

Latar belakang: Luka bakar merupakan kasus kompleks dan memerlukan tatalaksana komprehensif. Di Indonesia, data epidemiologi kasus luka bakar jarang dilaporkan. Metodologi: Studi retrospektif non-random consecutive sampling data rekam medis RSUD Cibabat dalam periode 5 tahun (Maret 2015 - Juni 2020). Uji statistik menggunakan Pearson Chi-Square. Hasil: Jumlah pasien luka bakar 524 orang, terbanyak dewasa (>18 tahun) dengan etiologi terbanyak adalah api (180 = 34,4%). Pada anak-anak (≤18 tahun) lebih sering disebabkan air panas (143 = 27,3%). Simpulan: Pasien luka bakar lebih banyak pada dewasa. Api sebagai etiologi tersering pada dewasa, sedangkan pada anak-anak terutama oleh air panas. Background: Burn injury is a complex case and requires comprehensive management. In Indonesia, epidemiological data on burn injury cases are still rarely reported. Method: Retrospective non-random consecutive sampling study on medical records data from Cibabat Regional Hospital in a period of 5 years (March 2015 - June 2020). Data was analyzed with Pearson Chi-Square. Results: A total of burn injury patients were 524 patients; mostly adult (>18 years), mostly caused by open flame (180 = 34,4%). Among children (≤18 years) the cause was mostly scald (143 = 27,3%). Conclusion: Most burn injury patients were adults. Open flame was the major etiology in adults, while scald was the main etiology in children.
Tinjauan atas Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Michael Sie Shun Ling; Marsha Kurniawan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.59

Abstract

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) merupakan reaksi sistemik yang jarang, meliputi reaksi multisistem berat terhadap obat, dengan gejala demam, ruam kulit, limfadenopati, keterlibatan organ internal, dan leukositosis dengan eosinofilia. Diagnosis awal dan tatalaksana yang adekuat dapat membantu mencegah perburukan. Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is a rare severe multisystem reaction to drugs, with symptoms of fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy, involving internal organs, and leukocytosis with eosinophilia. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment can help prevent the progression of DRESS.
Terapi Kortikosteroid Sistemik untuk Sindrom Steven Johnson (SSJ)- Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik (NET) di RSUD DR Moewardi, Surakarta, Indonesia Eka Devinta; Novi Diana; Rakhma Tri Irfanti; Alfina Rahma; Frieda; Wibisono Nugraha; Muhammad Eko Irawanto
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.60

Abstract

Latar belakang :Sindrom Steven Johnson (SSJ) dan nekrolisis epidermal toksik (NET) adalah manifestasi reaksi alergi obat paling berat dan mengancam jiwa yang dimediasi sel T. Salah satu terapi SSJ-NET yaitu kortikosteroid sistemik. Tujuan : Mengetahui pola terapi kortikosteroid sistemik di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2018. Metode : Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif atas data rekam medis pasien SSJ-NET di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2014-Desember 2018. Hasil: Didapatkan 80 pasien SSJ-NET, usia terbanyak 46-65 tahun (39%), lebih banyak laki-laki (52%). Diagnosis SSJ paling banyak (61%) dibandingkan SSJ overlap NET (24%) ataupun NET (15%) dengan keterlibatan mukosa mulut terbanyak (64%). Penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah diabetes melitus (18 %). Penyebab SSJ-NET terbanyak diduga lebih dari satu obat (44%). Terapi kortikosteroid sistemik berupa injeksi metilprednisolon dengan rata-rata dosis 65 mg/hari dan lama perawatan 10 hari. Simpulan: Kortikosteroid sistemik merupakan terapi semua kasus SSJ-NET di RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Background: Steven Johnson syndrome (SSJ) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are the severest primarily T-cell mediated manifestation and life threatening drug reaction. Systemic corticosteroid is used for SSJ-TEN management. Objective: To study the pattern of systemic corticosteroid therapy for SSJ-TEN in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta Januari 2014-December 2018. Method: A descriptive retrospective study on medical record data of SSJ-TEN patients hospitalized at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta between January 2014 and December 2018. Results: From a total 80 SSJ–TEN patients in this study, 39% was 46-65 year-old, male (52%). The most frequent diagnosis was SSJ (61%) followed by SSJ overlap TEN (24%) and TEN (15%), mostly with mucosal mouth involvement (64%). The most frequent comorbidities were DM (18%). More than one drug was related to SSJ-TEN (44%). Therapy for all cases was systemic corticosteroids with an average dose of methylprednisolone 65 mg per day in 10 days. Conclusion: Systemic corticosteroids were used in all cases of SSJ-NET in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta.
Profil Penggunaan Kortikosteroid Sistemik untuk Terapi Sindrom Stevens Johnson (SSJ) – Nekrolisis Epidemal Toksik (NET) di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD DR. Moewardi Surakarta, Indonesia - Januari 2016 -Desember 2017 Rakhma Tri Irfanti; Ance Imelda Betaubun; Ahmad Fiqri; Reti Anggraeni; Ummi Rinandari; Harijono Kariosentono
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.61

Abstract

Latar belakang: Nekrolisis epidermal disebut Sindrom Stevens Johnson (SSJ) apabila yang terlibat kurang dari 10% dari area tubuh, 10% sampai 29% disebut SSJ overlap NET, dan lebih dari 30% disebut NET. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran umum pasien SSJ-NET serta penggunaan kortikosteroid sistemik di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2017. Metode: Studi deskriptif retrospektif dengan populasi dan sampel penelitian pasien rawat inap di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta, periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2017. Sampel menggunakan data sekunder dari status rekam medis di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Hasil: Total pasien 26 orang terutama berusia 46 – 55 tahun dan 56 – 65 tahun (23%). Laki-laki lebih banyak (57%). Diagnosis SSJ (61%) terbanyak dibandingkan SSJ overlap NET (19%) ataupun NET (19%). Hipertensi sebagai penyakit penyerta terbanyak (15%). Keterlibatan mukosa terbanyak pada mulut (88 %) dan penyebab terbanyak SSJ-NET melibatkan lebih dari satu macam obat (53%). Obat penyebab yang dicurigai terutama adalah antibiotik golongan sefalosporin dan parasetamol (23%). Rerata lama terapi deksametason adalah 10 hari dengan dosis rata-rata 25 mg per hari. Simpulan: Pengobatan kortikosteroid sistemik pada kasus SSJ – NET di RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada umumnya menghasilkan perbaikan klinis dengan rata-rata perawatan 10 hari dan dosis rata-rata deksametason 25 mg per hari.Background: Epidermal Necrolysis is classified into several degree of severity based on the area of the body involved, below 10% is SJS, 10% - 29% is SJS overlap TEN, and 30% is TEN. Objective: To provide general description of SJS-TEN patients and systemic corticosteroids therapy in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta January 2016 - December 2017. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study on in-patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta between January 2016 and December 2017. Results: Total sample was 26 patients, mostly male (57%) in 46 - 55 years old and 56 - 65 year-old (23%). The most common diagnosis was SJS (61%) followed by SJS overlap TEN (19%) and TEN (19%). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbid disease (15%). Mostly affected was mouth mucosa (88%) and caused by mostly more than one drug (53%). Suspected causative drugs were mostly cephalosporin and paracetamol (23%). The average duration of dexamethason therapy was 10 days with an average dose 25 mg per day. Conclusion: SSJ - NET cases in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta were mostly treated with systemic corticosteroids for an average of 10 days and an average dose of dexamethason 25 mg per day.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Enterokolitis Nekrotikans Muhammad Luthfi Taufik; Desriani Lestari
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.62

Abstract

Enterokolitis nekrotikans (EKN) ialah peradangan berat saluran pencernaan yang terjadi pada 5-7% neonatus prematur. EKN merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di NICU. Patofisiologi multifaktorial dan belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Deteksi dini sulit karena manifestasi klinis sulit dibedakan dan masih tergantung pada radiologi abdomen yang kurang sensitif. Patofisiologi dan pendekatan diagnosis menjadi topik penelitian prioritas di bidang neonatologi saat ini. Strategi pencegahan dan tatalaksana komprehensif diharapkan dapat ditemukan agar memperbaiki luaran penyakit. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious inflammatory disease of intestine which affects 5-7% preterm neonates. NEC is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in NICU despite rapid advance in preterm neonatal care. Pathophysiology of NEC is multifactorial and not fully understood. Early detection is challenging because of indistinguishable clinical manifestation and still relies on less sensitive abdominal radiography. Nowadays, pathophysiology and diagnostic approach are priority topics for research in neonatology. Comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies expectedly can improve outcome of disease
Manifestasi Klinis dan Diagnosis COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome pada Anak Hernita Perliyani
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.63

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Di penghujung tahun 2020 telah ada 79 juta kasus terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di dunia. Kasus anak dengan COVID-19 sedikit dilaporkan, gambaran klinisnya umumnya lebih ringan dibandingkan dewasa. Namun, beberapa laporan dari Eropa dan Amerika Utara menggambarkan kelompok anak-anak dan remaja masuk ke ruang perawatan intensif dengan kondisi sindrom inflamasi multisistem atau COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (CMIS) yang mirip Penyakit Kawasaki dan sindrom syok toksik. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. At the end of 2020 there have been 79 million confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world. Few COVID-19 cases in children were reported, generally withmilder manifestation than in adults. However, recently there have been several reports from Europe and North America describing groups of children and adolescents admitted to the intensive care with COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (CMIS) with similar symptoms as Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome.
Herpes Zoster Oftalmikus Sinistra pada Geriatri dengan Komplikasi Anastasia Wibianto; Winsen Haryono
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.64

Abstract

Herpes zoster oftalmikus (HZO) adalah salah satu bentuk klinis herpes zoster (HZ) yang melibatkan saraf oftalmikus. Geriatri meningkatkan risiko komplikasi HZ seperti neuralgia pasca-herpetika (NPH) karena penurunan imunitas seluler. Kasus: Satu kasus HZO pada laki-laki 61 tahun. Diagnosis HZO berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik berupa lesi pustula, ekskoriasi, dan krusta unilateral sesuai daerah persarafan nervus oftalmikus (V1) dan maksilaris (V2) kiri disertai nyeri. Pemeriksaan mata mendapatkan gambaran konjungtivitis viral. Terapi topikal kompres terbuka dengan larutan garam faali dilanjutkan dengan salep sodium fusidat. Pada mata diberi asiklovir salep mata dan ofloksasin tetes mata. Terapi sistemik asiklovir 5x800 mg selama tujuh hari, antibiotik (eritromisin), dan analgesik (metampiron). Saat remisi, pasien diberi amitriptilin untuk mengatasi NPH dan menghasilkan remisi komplit. Herpes zoster ophthalmica (HZO) is a clinical form of herpes zoster (HZ) with ophthalmic nerve involvement due to reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV). Geriatrics condition increase the risk of complication due to decreased cellular immunity. Post herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a frequent complication of HZO. Case: A 61-year-old male with HZO. Diagnosis was based on history and unilateral distribution of pustular lesions, excoriation, and crust in left ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) dermatomearea. Topical therapy used open saline dressing with sodium fusidate ointment, acyclovir eye ointment and ofloxacin eye drops. The systemic therapy was acyclovir 5x800 mg for seven days, antibiotic (erythromycin), and analgesic (methampirone). During remission, amitriptyline was given to reduce pain due to PHN. The patient went to a complete remission.
Tinea Kapitis pada Dua Saudara Kandung Elisia; Saraswati Putu Dyah Ayu
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 4 (2021): Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i4.65

Abstract

Tinea kapitis banyak ditemukan pada anak-anak yang tinggal bersama dalam satu kelompok ataupun keluarga. Presentasi klinis dari hewan peliharaan sebagai sumber dermatofitosis tidak selalu tampak. Diagnosis tinea kapitis melalui anamnesis, inspeksi kulit kepala, KOH, ataupun kultur. Dilaporkan kasus tinea kapitis pada dua saudara perempuan berusia 3 tahun dan 6 tahun dengan keluhan kebotakan sejak 1 bulan, awalnya tampak bintik merah gatal dan bersisik mengerak; rambut mudah patah dan dicabut. Pemeriksaan KOH positif. Hasil kultur menunjukkan M. canis dan Rhodotorulla. Setelah terapi ketokonazol losion dan ketokonazol sampo selama 2 bulan, didapatkan perbaikan. Tinea capitis can be found among children living together in a group or in a family. Clinical presentation of dermatophytes among pets, dominated by cats and dogs as source of infections is not always established. Tinea capitis can be diagnosed by anamnesis, inspection of the hair and scalp, Wood’s lamp examination, KOH microscopic examination, and culture. Two tinea capitis cases in siblings with baldness since 1 month preceded by red spots progressing into itchy patches, scaling, and crusted. Hair was brittle and broke off easily. KOH microscopic examination were positive. Cultures showed M. canis and Rhodotorulla. Lesions were reduced after two months of therapy with ketoconazole lotion and ketoconazole shampoo.

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