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INDONESIA
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
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Conventional Low Intensity Pulsed-Ultrasound Therapy Increases Osteoblast, Serum Alkaline Phosphatase, and Serum Calcium Levels in Fracture Healing Process Indrayuni Lukitra Wardhani; I Ketut Gede Agus Budi Wirawan; I Putu Alit Pawana; Andriati; Patricia Maria
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.807

Abstract

Introduction: Application of ultrasound waves to improve bone healing generally use specific bone stimulator equipment not available in Indonesia. Frequency and duration of therapy from previous studies are very difficult to apply in clinical practice. This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of conventional low-intensity pulsed-ultrasound to osteoblast, alkaline phosphatase, and serum calcium levels. Method: Thirty six male white rats were divided into three groups (control, USD 5x/week, and USD 3x/week). Tibial fracture in ultrasound groups were treated 3x/week and 5x/week with ultrasound waves (1 MHz, pulsed mode, 20% of duty cycle, intensity of 0.2 W/cm2, duration 10 minutes, stationary) for 3 weeks. Callus tissue and blood from all animals were assessed quantitatively using histological and biochemical analyses. Result: Significant differences (p<0.05) in the average number of osteoblasts, level of alkaline phosphatase, and serum calcium among all three groups. Conclusion: Conventional low intensity pulsed-ultrasound either 5x/week or 3x/week improve bone healing process.   Pendahuluan: Penggunaan gelombang ultrasonik untuk memperbaiki penyembuhan tulang umumnya menggunakan alat stimulasi khusus yang tidak tersedia di Indonesia. Frekuensi dan durasi terapi penelitian sebelumnya sulit diterapkan dalam praktik klinis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan efek stimulasi gelombang ultrasonik menggunakan alat terapi konvensional ultrasound diathermy (USD) antara kelompok kontrol, kelompok perlakuan USD 5x/minggu dan 3x/minggu terhadap jumlah osteoblas, kadar alkali fosfatase, dan kalsium serum. Metode: Sejumlah 36 ekor tikus putih jantan dibagi tiga kelompok (kontrol, USD 5x/minggu, dan USD 3x/minggu). Fraktur tibia pada kelompok ultrasound diterapi 3x/minggu dan 5x/minggu dengan gelombang ultrasonik (1 MHz, pulsed-mode, 20% duty cycle, intensitas 0,2 W/cm2, durasi 10 menit, stasioner) selama 3 minggu. Jaringan kalus dan darah semua hewan dinilai secara kuantitatif dengan analisis histologi dan biokimia. Hasil: Ada perbedaan signifikan (p <0,05) jumlah rata-rata osteoblas, kadar alkali fosfatase, dan kalsium serum antara ketiga kelompok. Simpulan: Terapi konvensional dengan pulsed-ultrasound intensitas rendah frekuensi 5x/minggu ataupun 3x/minggu memperbaiki proses penyembuhan tulang.
Hubungan Konsumsi Coklat dengan Perburukan Akne Vulgaris pada Remaja dan Dewasa Muda dengan Akne Vulgaris: Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti Shelly; Rizki Irianti Rakasiwi Ningrum; Wresti Indriatmi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 10 (2023): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i10.808

Abstract

Introduction: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common dermatological problem. AV can occur in all age groups, especially in the adolescent. Chocolate is one of the most consumed foods by teenagers, its relationship with AV has not been established. Objective: To determine whether chocolate consumption is associated with worsening AV in adolescents and young adults with AV. Methods: Article searches used the PubMed, EMBASE, Proquest, and Scopus databases using the keywords adolescent and young adult, chocolate, acne. Search for relevant studies was also carried out from the reference list. Results: Three articles met the eligibility criteria. Critical reviews demonstrated that white chocolate is associated with an increase in total, non-inflammatory, and inflammatory acne lesions in adolescents and young adults with AV. There is still no agreement regarding the association of dark chocolate with worsening AV in adolescents and young adults with AV. Conclusion: White chocolate is associated with worsening AV in adolescents and young adults with AV, whereas the relationship of dark chocolate with worsening of AV in adolescents and young adults with AV is still inconclusive.
Fasciotomy for Compartment Syndrome Alfonsius Stefano
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 8 (2023): Dermatiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i8.810

Abstract

Compartment syndrome is an orthopedic emergency due to its potential complications and mortality. Many studies have discussed the supporting examination and closure of phasiotomy wounds related to compartment syndrome, but there is still no agreed reference standard for additional diagnostic tool and fasciotomy management. Surgeon's experience and preference are important in the management of compartment syndrome.   Sindrom kompartemen merupakan salah satu kegawatdaruratan ortopedi karena potensi komplikasi dan risiko kematiannya. Banyak penelitian yang membahas mengenai pemeriksaan penunjang dan penutupan luka fasiotomi terkait sindrom kompartemen, namun belum ada referensi yang disetujui sebagai baku standar. Pengalaman dan preferensi dokter bedah terkait merupakan unsur terpenting dalam tata laksana sindrom kompartemen.
Risk Factor of Child Diarrhea in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Muhammad Faza Soelaeman; Fabiola Cathleen; Christine Lieana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 11 (2023): Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i11.811

Abstract

Bakcground: Diarrhea is the leading cause of death among children worldwide, including in Indonesia. However, there is no scientific research on the most common risk factors for diarrhea among children in Indonesia. A systematic literature review was conducted to highlight the most predisposing risk factors of diarrhea based on the epidemiological triangle, in order to improve preventive measures by society to reduce the incidence of childhood diarrhea. Methods: A systematic review of observational studies without limitation of year of publication was performed in 2023 based on PRISMA protocol. Results: A total of 2607 studies were identified from the Pubmed database, only 9 studies were extracted and assessed using the STROBE method. The risk factors were divided into 3 categories: environmental, host and other, to follow the rule of the epidemiologic triangle of disease. The highest odds ratios were found for the factor "child defecation in open places" (OR=10.47) from the environmental category and for the factor "child eating by hand" (OR=5.6) from the host category. Lower maternal education from the host category was also influential (OR=1.52). Conclusion: Improper public disposal of child feces, child behavior of eating with hand and low maternal education are the most significant contributing risk factors of child diarrhea in Indonesia.
Kejadian Mual Muntah Pasca-Laparatomi (PONV) setelah Pemberian Granisetron Dibandingkan setelah Pemberian Kombinasi Ondansetron - Deksametason Mulyo Hadi Sudjito; Mulyata; Titik Setyawati
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.813

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Mual muntah pasca-operasi (PONV) adalah pengalaman tidak menyenangkan yang sering dialami pasien setelah menjalani operasi dengan anestesi umum seperti laparatomi. Metode: Penelitian desain eksperimental tersamar tunggal; 58 subjek yang menjalani laparatomi dengan anestesi umum dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok secara acak. Kelompok I diberi granisetron 1 mg, 30 sampai 60 menit sebelum operasi selesai, kelompok II diberi deksametason 8 mg sebelum induksi dan ondansetron 4 mg, 30 sampai 60 menit sebelum operasi selesai. Kejadian PONV semua pasien diamati selama 24 jam. Hasil: Pada kelompok I mampu dicegah 72,4% kejadian PONV, pada kelompok II mampu dicegah 79,3% kejadian PONV. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna manfaat ondansetron 4 mg dan deksametason 8 mg dibanding granisetron 1 mg dalam mencegah mual muntah pasca-laparatomi.   Introduction: Post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is usually experienced after laparatomy with general anesthesia. Methods: A single blind experimental design; 58 subject underwent laparatomy with general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I received 1 mg granisetron, 30 to 60 minutes before the end of surgery, and group II received 8 mg dexamethasone before anesthesia induction and were given 4 mg ondansetron, 30 to 60 minutes before the end of surgery. All patients were observed for PONV until 24 hours post surgery. Result: In group I PONV could be prevented in 72,4% subject whereas in group II PONV could be prevented in 79,3% subject. Conclusion: No significant difference of efficacy between 4 mg ondansetron and 8 mg dexamethasone, compared to 1 mg granisetron in preventing post laparatomy PONV.
Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy pada End-stage Renal Disease Iraky Mardya Rakhmadhan
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.814

Abstract

Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) merupakan salah satu komplikasi end-stage renal disease (ESRD), yang dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Faktor risiko CUA antara lain jenis kelamin (wanita), diabetes melitus, hiperfosfatemia, ESRD, gangguan mineral dan tulang, obesitas, warfarin, dan etnis Kaukasia. Gold standard diagnosis adalah penemuan patognomonik histopatologis spesimen biopsi kulit. Tatalaksana meliputi penanganan umum, perawatan luka, koreksi abnormalitas biokimia, sodium tiosulfat, dan beberapa terapi potensial seperti bisfosfonat, lowmolecular-weight heparin, dan agen trombolitik. CUA berpotensi fatal, diagnosis sedini mungkin dan tatalaksana yang tepat dapat memperbaiki kondisi dan memberikan hasil memuaskan.   Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) is one of many complications of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), causing high morbidity and mortality. Several risk factors are female gender, diabetes mellitus, hyperphosphatemia, ESRD, mineral and bone disorders, obesity, warfarin, and Caucasian. The gold standard for diagnosis is pathognomonic findings in histological skin examination. Treatment requires multidisciplinary approach involving general measures, optimal wound management, correction of biochemical abnormalities, use of sodium thiosulfate, and other potential therapeutic options such as bisphosphonate, low-molecular-weight heparin, and thrombolytic agents. CUA is potentially fatal, but early diagnosis and optimal treatment can significantly improve outcomes.
Pengaruh Protein RPGRIP1L pada Pembentukan Silia Primer sebagai Kandidat Target Terapi Gen Penyakit Siliopati Ivanna Williantarra
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.815

Abstract

Silia primer yang pada mulanya dianggap sebagai organel tanpa fungsi khusus, ternyata saat ini diketahui merupakan pusat koordinasi berbagai jalur transduksi sinyal sel. Salah satu penyakit siliopati dengan manifestasi klinis terberat adalah sindrom Meckel (MKS) dan sindrom Joubert (JBTS). Kedua sindrom ini disebabkan oleh absennya protein RPGRIP1L pada zona transisi silia primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pentingnya peran RPGRIP1L dalam ciliogenesis. RPGRIP1L diredam ekspresinya dan diperiksa pengaruhnya terhadap: (1) frekuensi ciliogenesis, (2) tingkat ekspresi protein pada jalur sinyal Hedgehog, dan (3) lokalisasi protein silia primer lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa absennya RPGRIP1L menurunkan frekuensi ciliogenesis hingga 46%. Turunnya frekuensi ciliogenesis ini bukan disebabkan karena turunnya tingkat ekspresi protein silia primer, melainkan kesalahan lokalisasi; hanya protein yang terlibat pada proses awal ciliogenesis sebelum pembentukan zona transisi yang terlokalisasi dengan tepat tanpa adanya RPGRIP1L. Tidak terekrutnya protein di silia primer mengindikasikan fungsi RPGRIP1L sebagai perancah bagi protein-protein silia primer lainnya. Selain itu, tanpa adanya RPGRIP1L, aksonema tidak dapat tumbuh dari sentriol walaupun protein selubung sentriol, CP110, telah dilepaskan oleh TTBK2.   Primary cilia, which has been long considered as a vestigial organelle of little functional importance, is now known as a coordination hub for many signal transduction pathways. Two worst clinical manifestations of ciliopathies are the Meckel (MKS) and Joubert (JBTS) syndrome; Both are caused by the absence of RPGRIP1L protein at the transition zone of primary cilia. This research aims to check the role of RPGRIP1L in ciliogenesis. The effect of RPGRIP1L knockdown towards (1) ciliogenesis frequency, (2) Hedgehog signaling protein expression and (3) localization of other primary cilia proteins were checked using qRT-PCR and immunostaining techniques. It was found that knockdown of RPGRIP1L has caused a 46% reduction of ciliogenesis frequency. The reduction is not due to a lower expression of primary cilia protein, but mis-localization of the proteins; only the proteins which are involved in the early phase of ciliogenesis were correctly localized after RPGRIP1L knockdown, indicating the anchoring function of RPGRIP1L. Moreover, despite the removal of CP110 by TTBK2, the axoneme was not elongated in the absence of RPGRIP1L,
Funduskopi untuk Prognosis Preeklampsia Ferdy Iskandar; Laura Agnestasia Djunaedi; Angela Shinta Dewi Amita; Sigit Pradono Diptoadi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.816

Abstract

Hipertensi dalam kehamilan (HDK) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang perlu mendapat perhatian karena mengakibatkan lebih dari 25% kematian ibu di Indonesia pada tahun 2013. Pada preeklampsia – yang merupakan salah satu HDK – terjadi disfungsi endotel berbagai organ ibu hamil, termasuk organ mata. Konsekuensi tersering adalah vasospasme umum disertai kebocoran plasma yang menyebabkan iskemi retina hingga kerusakan visus permanen. Derajat kelainan retina ibu hamil berdasarkan klasifikasi Keith-Wagener-Barker berbanding lurus dengan angka kematian serta angka kecacatan penglihatan. Funduskopi sebagai salah satu sarana pelengkap dapat menjadi sarana objektif memperkirakan prognosis ibu hamil dan status janin.   Hypertension in pregnancy is a health problem since it causes more than 25% of maternal deaths in Indonesia in 2013. In preeclampsia – type of hypertension in pregnancy – there are endothelial dysfunctions in various organs, including eyes. The most common consequences are general vasospasms with plasma leakage causing retinal ischemia leading to permanent damage. There is a linear correlation between KeithWagener-Barker classification and probability of death and blindness. Funduscopy can be used as a supplementary examination to help decide the best management and may be an objective tool for estimating prognosis of mother as well as fetal status.  
Penyakit Mata Kering Elvira; Victor Nugroho Wijaya
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.817

Abstract

Penyakit mata kering (PMK) adalah penyakit multifaktorial air mata dan permukaan mata dengan gejala tidak nyaman, gangguan penglihatan, dan ketidakstabilan tear film yang berpotensi merusak permukaan mata. Sekitar 5%-34% penduduk di dunia menderita mata kering, angka kejadiannya meningkat seiring usia. Penyakit mata kering diklasifikasikan berdasarkan etiopatologinya, yaitu mata kering defisiensi aqueous (MKDA) dan mata kering evaporasi (MKE). Gejala mata kering dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup, meningkatkan gejala depresi, dan gangguan mood. Terapi terbatas mengurangi gejala.   Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface resulting in dyscomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential ocular surface damage. The world prevalence is 5-34 %, its incidence increases significantly with age. DED is classified to aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporate dry eye (EDE). Its symptom have been associated with reduced quality of life, increased depressive symptoms, and mood disorders.
Patient–controlled Analgesia untuk Nyeri Akut pada Sickle Cell Vaso–occlusive Crisis I Made Prema Putra
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 3 (2018): Muskuloskeletal
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i3.818

Abstract

Sickle cell disease/SCD masih menjadi masalah kesehatan. Pada pasien sickle cell disease/SCD, nyeri akut yang berat merupakan manifestasi klinis vaso-occlusive crisis yang paling sering karena bentuk sel darah merah seperti sabit dapat memicu sumbatan/infark jaringan. Penilaian dan penanganan nyeri tersebut harus segera dan tepat. Tidak ada metode penanganan nyeri yang lebih superior dari yang lainnya. Salah satu rekomendasi terapi adalah patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) dengan opioid intravena, on-demand, intermiten di bawah kontrol pasien.   Sickle cell disease/SCD still becomes global health problem. Severe acute pain in patient of SCD is commonly found clinical manifestation of vaso-occlusive crisis caused by sickle-shape of red blood cells, and leads to tissue occlusion and infarct. Assessment and treatment should be immediate. No pain treatments are superior to others. One of recommendation therapy for rapid severe acute pain control caused by vasoocclusive crisis, is patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous opioid, on-demand, or patient-controlled.  

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