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Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3090630X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
The Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health (MICTOPH) is an annual international conference organized by the Faculty of Public Health (FKM), Universitas Mulawarman. This event serves as a platform to gather and integrate diverse, constructive, and comprehensive ideas, concepts, and perspectives. The outcomes of these discussions and presentations aim to form the foundation for addressing and solving various challenges in the field of public health, particularly those related to tropical regions. Through collaboration and knowledge exchange, MICTOPH strives to contribute to the advancement of public health research and practices.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 327 Documents
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Study of the Prevalence and Determinants of Stunting Based on SSGI 2024 Data in East Kalimantan Dewi Saptowati; Anindya Monika Putri; Morrin Choirunnisa Thohira; Rifdah Wardani
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Stunting remains one of the major public health issues in Indonesia, particularly among children under five. The decline in stunting prevalence nationally shows a positive trend, but challenges remain at the regional level, including in East Kalimantan. Objective : This study aims to analyze trends in stunting prevalence and its determinants in East Kalimantan, using data from the 2024 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI), to inform regional policy interventions. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method used is a descriptive, quantitative approach with a comparative analysis of national data Results : The results indicate that all districts/cities in East Kalimantan reported stunting prevalence rates above the national average in 2024, except for Kutai Kartanegara. Factors such as the high incidence of closely spaced pregnancies, low participation in prenatal classes, the proportion of babies born with low birth weight and short birth length (LBW and SBL), the quality of complementary feeding (MPASI), low consumption of iron tablets among pregnant women, limited coverage of vitamin A supplementation, low public awareness about stunting, suboptimal performance of family assistance teams, adequate sanitation and drinking water are believed to contribute to the high prevalence in East Kalimantan. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : These findings underscore the importance of sustainable, specific, and sensitive nutrition interventions, as well as a multisectoral approach involving families and communities. This study is expected to serve as a reference for local governments in developing evidence-based policies to accelerate stunting reduction in East Kalimantan.
STRATEGIES AND DETERMINANTS INFLUENCING CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING PARTICIPATION: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF GLOBAL EVIDENCE Nanik Setiyawati; Sri Sulistyowati; Heru Priyanto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the availability of effective screening methods such as Pap smear and HPV testing, participation rates remain suboptimal due to various social, cultural, and systemic barriers. This study aims to identify effective strategies and key determinants influencing women’s participation in cervical cancer screening across diverse cultural and geographical contexts. A narrative synthesis of 12 peer-reviewed articles published between 2018 and 2025 was conducted. Articles were selected based on relevance to cervical cancer screening, including randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional surveys, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Key themes were extracted and analyzed for trends, effectiveness of interventions, and associated factors. Educational interventions, including empowerment programs and narrative media approaches, significantly increased screening knowledge and participation (p < 0.05). Opt-out invitation systems and community-based outreach campaigns demonstrated higher uptake compared with routine invitations. However, substantial gaps persist, particularly among rural and low-income women, due to limited awareness, fear, and cultural stigma. Factors such as education, income, age, parity, and contraceptive use were consistently associated with screening participation. The conclusion of this study is that integrated strategies combining education, community empowerment, and opt-out systems effectively enhance cervical cancer screening uptake. Addressing sociocultural and economic barriers through context-specific public health interventions is essential. Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the sustainability of these approaches in improving screening behavior.
DETERMINANTS OF SANITATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE ADHERENCE AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN COASTAL NORTH SUMATERA INDONESIA Naria, Evi; Chahaya, Indra; Rusmalawaty, Rusmalawaty; Sinurat, Novita Olivia; Atika, Raihan; Siagian, Ardin Hermansyah
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Service quality is a key determinant of patient satisfaction and loyalty. While extensive evidence exists in hospital settings, findings in primary care remain fragmented, particularly in contexts undergoing health financing reforms. This review aims to synthesize empirical evidence on the relationships between SERVQUAL dimensions, patient satisfaction, and patient loyalty in primary care settings. Methods: A narrative review was conducted on 34 primary empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. Studies examining SERVQUAL dimensions—tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy—in relation to satisfaction and loyalty were included. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively, supported by an evidence frequency mapping. Responsiveness, empathy, and tangibles consistently demonstrated strong associations with patient satisfaction. Satisfaction frequently mediated the relationship between service quality and loyalty, whereas direct effects of service quality on loyalty were inconsistent. Reliability and assurance showed variable effects across contexts. Most studies employed crosssectional designs and SEM-PLS analytical approaches. Evidence supports a service quality–satisfactionloyalty pathway in primary care. Contextual and financial factors, such as institutional financing models, may moderate these relationships and warrant further investigation using longitudinal and context-sensitive designs.
REVIEW OF BASIC IMMUNIZATION SERVICES AT LOK BAHU HEALTH CENTER JANUARI-JULI 2025 Rahmania; Aprilia Nurlaila Zahro; Wa Ode Nurul Azkiah; Ainaya Salsabila; Hanis Kusumawati Rahayu; Zulhijrian Noor
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Complete basic immunization (CBI) is a priority public health program aimed at preventing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (VPDs). This study aimed to review the implementation of CBI services at Lok Bahu Health Center, Samarinda City, during the period of January–July 2025. This research employed a descriptive qualitative design involving key informants (health workers and posyandu cadres) and supporting informants (health center management, pharmacy staff, and parents). Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and review of official records, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion verification using source, method, and data triangulation. The findings revealed that at the planning stage, the program was arranged through the Annual Activity Proposal Plan (RUK) and cross-sectoral coordination; however, specific strategies to reach hard-to-reach populations were still limited, community involvement remained suboptimal, and non-vaccine funding relied heavily on cadres’ self-sufficiency. At the implementation stage, the main obstacles included limited health personnel and cadres, delays in vaccine distribution, and community resistance to immunization. From the beneficiaries’ perspective, parents’ time constraints and concerns about vaccine side effects also affected the completeness of child immunization. At the evaluation stage, the Mini Quarterly Workshops functioned as forums for identifying barriers and cross-sectoral follow-up, yet discrepancies persisted between manual recording and the ASIK digital application, alongside reporting delays from posyandu. In conclusion, CBI coverage in the Lok Bahu Health Center working area has not met the national target, influenced by planning, implementation, and evaluation factors that have not been fully integrated. Strengthening cross-sectoral coordination, funding support, stable vaccine distribution, adaptive risk communication, and synchronization of digital recording systems are required to sustainably improve immunization coverage.
INVESTIGATION MANUSCRIPT OF EXTRAORDINARY EVENTS (KLB) FOOD POISONING AT SMPN 4 KINTAMANI SONGAN B VILLAGE, KINTAMANI DISTRICT, BANGLI REGENCY, BALI.  Nuhfarizki Lintang Prakasa; I Made Subrata; Nyoman Suardani
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background: An extraordinary event (KLB) of food poisoning is a public health issue that requires a rapid response. On May 14, 2025, several students at SMPN 4 Kintamani reported experiencing acute symptoms of food poisoning after eating in the school cafeteria. This study aims to identify the source, distribution patterns, and environmental factors influencing the incident. Method: This study used a case-control design with a quantitative approach. Subjects consisted of 16 students as cases (having symptoms of poisoning) and 32 students as controls (without symptoms), selected purposively. Data collection was conducted through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire, environmental sanitation observations, and laboratory examination of water samples. Results: Symptoms appeared 1–26 hours after food consumption, indicating a point source pattern. Consumption of scalloped chicken was significantly associated with poisoning (OR = 4.488; p = 0.004; 95% CI: 1.544–13.049). All cases involved consumption of scalloped chicken. Laboratory tests showed drinking water containing Escherichia coli and total coliforms exceeding the threshold. The canteen's unhygienic conditions, proximity to a trash can, and abundance of flies support the possibility of cross-contamination. Conclusion: The outbreak is suspected to have been caused by contaminated chickens, with contributing factors including poor environmental sanitation and unsuitable water quality.
ADOLESCENT MOTHERS’ NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ANDSTUNTING RISK : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW I Wayan Mardika; Ratih Wirapuspita Wisnuwardani
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background: Stunting remains a significant chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children born to adolescent mothers. These young mothers often face limitations in nutritional knowledge, lower health literacy, and suboptimal reproductive preparedness, which collectively increase the risk of stunting in their children. This study aimed to conduct a review to determine the association between adolescent mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, and to identify the contributing factors. Methods: This was a systematic review conducting following the PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Articles were collected through searching the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases for studies up to October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and included full-text article that examined Mothers Knowledge and stunting, focusing on the concept of knowledge, adolescent mother, and stunting. Results: A review included five articles. Adolescent mothers’ knowledge had a significant association with the incidence of stunting. This association was often strengthened by confounding factors such as socio-economic status, low education levels, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate childcare practices. Several studies found that improving maternal nutritional literacy and initiating early prenatal care can effectively reduce the risk of stunting in children.Conclusions: Low nutritional knowledge among adolescent mothers is confirmed as an important determinant of stunting in toddlers. Intervention efforts need to be focused on enhancing the education and nutritional literacy of adolescent girls through structured programs, including school-based education, adolescent mother classes in community health centers (Puskesmas), and targeted community campaigns. The integrated approach is crucial to break the intergenerational cycle of stunting and foster the development of quality human resources.
NOT ALL WATER IS EQUAL: THE HIDDEN IMPACT OF DRINKING SOURCES ON MATERNAL HEMOGLOBIN Rudi Saputra; Grace Angelina; Syarifah Amira Najla; Dzulhannisa Tricindra; Rini Wahidatul Ulpah; Ahmad Ahsyar Hamri; Muhammad Khairul Nuryanto; Setyo Nugroho; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Water quality is vital for maternal health. In Indonesia, consuming untreated or low-quality water may increase anemia risk in pregnant women. This study examined the relationship between drinking water sources and hemoglobin levels and identified factors influencing water source selection. A cross-sectional study of 72 pregnant women was conducted at Palaran Health Center, Samarinda (Dec 2024–Jan 2025). Data on sociodemographics and drinking water sources were collected via questionnaire, while hemoglobin levels were obtained from laboratory records. Due to non-normal data distribution (p < 0.05), the Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc comparisons was applied. Determinants of water source selection were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Most respondents (76.40%) consumed unboiled refilled gallon water, which was associated with significantly lower hemoglobin levels than bottled or PDAM water (p = 0.002). The logistic model was significant (χ² = 75.233, df = 54, p = 0.030; Nagelkerke R² = 0.811). Significant predictors of water source choice included number of pregnancies, abortion or fetal death history, delivery history, household income, mother’s and husband’s education levels (p < 0.05). Unboiled refilled gallon water consumption is linked to lower hemoglobin levels and higher anemia risk. Reproductive and socioeconomic factors influence water source selection. Education on safe water handling and boiling practices is essential to improve maternal hematologic health.
COMMUNITY SATISFACTION INDEX ON PUBLIC SERVICE PERFORMANCE OF UPTD LABKESDA SAMARINDA Eko Prasetya Budi; Ratno Adrianto; Ike Anggraini
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Public service satisfaction surveys are an essential instrument for evaluating the quality and performance of government institutions in delivering public services. The Regional Health Laboratory Unit (UPTD Labkesda) of Samarinda City periodically conducts Community Satisfaction Surveys (CSS) to assess public perceptions, identify strengths and weaknesses in service delivery, and ensure compliance with the service quality standards established under Ministerial Regulation of PANRB No. 14 of 2017 on Guidelines for Conducting Community Satisfaction Surveys. Objective : The study aims to measure the level of community satisfaction with the services provided by UPTD Labkesda Samarinda during the first semester of 2025 and to identify service elements that require improvement to enhance the overall quality and efficiency of public health laboratory services. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using a structured survey method. Respondents rated nine service elements using a four-point Likert scale, and the results were processed to obtain the Community Satisfaction Index (CSI) Results : The survey results show that the Community Satisfaction Index reached 87.28, categorized as “Satisfactory.” This indicates that most respondents perceive the services as effective, professional, and aligned with their expectations. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The findings reveal that UPTD Labkesda Samarinda has successfully maintained a high level of public satisfaction through consistent service quality, competent staff, and adequate facilities. Continuous efforts in staff development, process optimization, and community feedback mechanisms are essential to sustain and further improve service outcomes.
SERVICE QUALITY, PATIENT SATISFACTION, AND LOYALTY IN PRIMARY CARE: POLICY IMPLICATIONS FROM A NARRATIVE REVIEW Panuturi Ratih Elizabeth Thresna Sinaga; Ratno Adrianto
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Service quality is a key determinant of patient satisfaction and loyalty. While extensive evidence exists in hospital settings, findings in primary care remain fragmented, particularly in contexts undergoing health financing reforms. 1 Objective: This review aims to synthesize empirical evidence on the relationships between SERVQUAL dimensions, patient satisfaction, and patient loyalty in primary care settings. Methods: A narrative review was conducted on 34 primary empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. Studies examining SERVQUAL dimensions—tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy—in relation to satisfaction and loyalty were included. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively, supported by an evidence frequency mapping. Results: Responsiveness, empathy, and tangibles consistently demonstrated strong associations with patient satisfaction. Satisfaction frequently mediated the relationship between service quality and loyalty, whereas direct effects of service quality on loyalty were inconsistent. Reliability and assurance showed variable effects across contexts. Most studies employed cross-sectional designs and SEM-PLS analytical approaches. Conclusion: Evidence supports a service quality–satisfaction–loyalty pathway in primary care. Contextual and financial factors, such as institutional financing models, may moderate these relationships and warrant further investigation using longitudinal and context-sensitive designs.
OVERVIEW OF DYSMENORRHEA SEVERITY AND MANAGEMENT CHOICES AMONG FEMALE MEDICAL STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITAS MULAWARMAN: THE 2024 COHORT Kalya Natriswa Putri Kinanthi; Khairunnida Rahma
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Dysmenorrhea is a highly prevalent gynecological complaint that significantly interferes with daily activities. This study aimed to investigate the severity levels of dysmenorrhea and treatment preferences among female medical students from the 2024 cohort at Universitas Mulawarman. A descriptive quantitative design was employed using a questionnaire administered to 50 respondents, with data analyzed through frequency distribution and percentage methods. The results showed that most respondents experienced non-severe dysmenorrhea, with mild pain reported by 46% and moderate pain by 42% of participants; however, dysmenorrhea still disrupted daily activities in 64% of the students. Regarding management strategies, the majority preferred non-pharmacological approaches, particularly relaxation techniques (36%) and drinking mineral water (20%). In conclusion, although dysmenorrhea among the students was generally mild to moderate, management preferences predominantly favored simple, non-pharmacological interventions.

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