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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 16, No. 1" : 10 Documents clear
Junk Food Consumption and Symptoms of Mental Health Problems: A Meta-Analysis for Public Health Awareness Hafizurrachman, Muhammad; Hartono, Risky Kusuma
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Junk food consumption increases the risk of having symptoms of mental health problems. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the association between junk food and symptoms of mental health problems. Six researchers, two primary researchers, and four assistant researchers, from October to December 2020 conducted a systematic literature review. The data sources were selected from Pubmed and Science Direct articles published from 2010 to 2020. Those websites were check-marked for text availability for original articles, using keywords for junk foods and mental health. This study had inclusion criteria for selecting and organizing articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The full-text articles were selected for conducting a meta-analysis using R Studio Software. The 5,079 article titles were obtained, seven of which met the relevant requirements for meta-analysis. The range of respondents who experienced symptoms of mental illness was 1.38%–79.8%. There was no heterogeneity based on the Tau-square test. The correlation coefficient was 0.11 (95% CI 0.09–0.14), with no publication bias based on Egger’s Regression test (0.6023 or p-value>0.05). The frequent consumption of junk food can contribute to mental illness symptoms, even with minimal effects.
Evaluation of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption by University Students Meric, Çağdaş Salih; Ayhan, Nurcan Yabanci; Yilmaz, Hacı Ömer
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Today, increased intake of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages is seen today as an important factor in the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, obesity-related diabetes, and coronary heart diseases. This study involved 214 university students from the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of Ankara University, Faculty of Health Science, which was intended to evaluate the consumption of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages. The frequency of student consumption of beverages and the quantities and amounts of sugar taken with beverages were questioned. The average total amount of sugar added to drinks by the students was 4.69 ± 6.35 gram, while the average total amount of sugar taken with sugar-sweetened beverages was 11.34 ± 15.32 gram. Female students relative to male students, students in grade 4 compared to grades 2 and 3, and students who had daily breakfast compared to those who did not had lower average sugar consumption (p-value < 0.05). As class grades increase, the amount of sugar added to beverages and fruit juice and sweetened soft drinks and carbonated beverages decreased (p-value < 0.05). The consumption of herbal teas and dietary beverages increased and eating habits of students generally changed positively (p-value > 0.05). It is important to educate university students about the reduction in sugar intake and sugar-containing food in order to avoid many chronic diseases that may be seen in older ages.
Assessment of Characteristics and Conditions before the End of Lockdown San-Martín-Roldán, David; Rojo-Lazo, Francisca; Calzadilla-Núñez, Aracelis; San-Martín-Roldán, Pablo; Díaz-Calzadilla, Patricia; Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

After months of blockades and restriction, the decision of the best time to end the lockdown after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is the big question for health rectors. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and conditions for ending the blockade after the first wave of COVID-19. Data on the variables of interest were subjected to linear and non-linear regression studies to determine the curve that best explains the data. The coefficient of determination, the standard deviation of y in x, and the observed curve of the confidence interval were estimated. Regression which was estimated subsequently revealed the trend curve. The study found that all dependent variables tend to decrease over time in a quadratic fashion, except for the variable for new cases. In general, the R2 and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) estimates were satisfactory: gradual and cautious steps should be taken before ending the lockdown. The results suggested that a surveillance of crucial indicators (e.g., incidence, prevalence, and PCR test positivity) should be maintained before lockdown is terminated. Moreover, the findings indicated that long-term preparations should be made to contain future waves of new cases.
Analysis of Measles Vaccination Refusal on Social Media (Facebook) among Anti-Vaccine Communities in Indonesia Meilani, Dwi; Martha, Evi; Pratomo, Hadi; Hasanah, Indah Jamiatun; Rungreangkulkij, Somporn
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Measles is one of the main causes of global mortality in the under-fives. The existence of groups that reject immunization caused a decrease in immunization coverage. Anti-vaccine messages are widely delivered on social media. Identification of vaccine rejection behavior can be used as the basis to formulate effective program strategies. The design of this study used rapid assessment procedures (RAP). The informants were from two anti-vaccine communities in the Facebook group. In-depth interviews and observations were done for data collection, and data analysis was performed using the Framework Method. The results found that determinants, such as knowledge, beliefs in health behavior and disease prevention, religion, culture, and government policies play a role in shaping informants’ perceptions of vaccines and disease risks. The design factors of vaccination programs and the reliability of vaccine producing sources were found to be inhibiting factors for informants to receive vaccines. Also, experience with vaccines, health workers' role, and lobbying by anti vaccine groups strengthened informants' attitude who initially doubted vaccines, causing them to reject vaccines ultimately. It is suggested to the Ministry of Health to improve vaccination campaigns through social media, conduct vaccine development study, and increase health workers' knowledge related to vaccines and make their communication techniques more effective.
Exclusive Breastfeeding History Risk Factor Associated with Stunting of Children Aged 12–23 Months Sari, Nurhalina; Manjorang, Marlida Yuliza; Zakiyah, Zakiyah; Randell, Madeleine
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Stunting (low height-for-age) remains a global and national health problem because it increases the risk of disturbances in growth and development and mortality. Banjar Margo District, Tulang Bawang Regency, has the second-highest prevalence in Lampung Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the association of exclusive breastfeeding history and stunting in children aged 12–23 months in Banjar Margo District. This study used a cross-sectional design on 193 children aged 12–23 months. It was primary data conducted between April and May 2018 with a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The result showed that of 193 children, 29.5% were stunted. Children who were not exclusively breastfed were 3.1 times (95%CI = 1.5–6.4) more at risk of stunting than those exclusively breastfed, after controlling for mothers with low education and unemployment factors as confounding variables. Health promotion activities in primary/integrated health care should be focused not only on mothers but also on other people involved in child care, such as grandparents, at-home caregivers, and day carers.
Parity and Marital Status as Factors Influencing Contraceptive Use among Adolescents in Indonesia Mas'udah, Anni Fithriyatul; Pristya, Terry YR; Andarmoyo, Sulistyo
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

Adolescent pregnancy has a higher health risk compared to adult pregnancy. One approach to control pregnancy among adolescents is through contraceptive use. The data on contraceptive use has increased in 2018 and is still controversial among adolescents. Thus, it is necessary to determine the factors encou - rag ing the use of contraceptives among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the relation of parity and marital status on contraceptive use among adolescents. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was adolescents aged 15–19 years in Indonesia. The total sample of 936 adolescents was selected from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent variables (parity and marital status) on the dependent variable (contraceptive use) with education, work status, region, and economic status as controls. The results showed relationship association between marital status and parity on contraceptive use in adolescents after being controlled by confounding variables , namely work status, economic status and region. The use of contraceptives was one way to control adolescent pregnancy. Counseling and guidance concerning the use of contraceptives should be provided to adolescents.
Low Knowledge and Unawareness of the Health Promotion as the Determinant Factors in Non-Compliance to the Mass Drug Administration Program Annashr, Nissa Noor; Amalia, Icca Stella; Dinh, Hoa Thi Phuong
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

From the total population of the community in Kuningan District, 78.61% were taking filariasis drugs in the Mass Drug Administration (MDA) program in 2017. Cilimus Subdistrict became a filariasis-endemic area in Kuningan with 72.39% of the MDA program coverage in 2017 (government target >86%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinant factors of compliance with the MDA program. The study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design and conducted from May to June 2018. The sample of 106 people was taken from the population living in Cilimus Subdistrict, Kuningan District, using a simple random sampling technique. Independent variables were collected by a constructed questionnaire included age, education level, knowledge, attitude, health promotion, and family support. A questionnaire also measured compliance with MDA as a dependent variable. Data analysis consisted of univariate, bivariate (chi-square and Fisher exact test), and multivariate analyses (multiple logistic regression). The results showed that the variables of knowledge, attitude, MDA health promotion, and family support influence compliance with the MDA (p-value < 0.05). Low knowledge and unawareness of the MDA health promotion proved to be the dominant factors in non-compliance with the MDA program.
Patterns and Determinants of Open Defecation among Urban People Yulyani, Vera; Febriani, Christin Angelina; MS, Shaharuddin; Hermawan, Dessy
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

At the present time, an estimated of 673 million people defecate in the open space, not in private. Indonesia is a densely populated country with a lot of open defecation (OD) both in urban (37%) and rural areas (43%). Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict is an area in Bandar Lampung City with the highest percentage of OD practice (45%). This study aimed to explore and explain the patterns and determinants of OD among urban people in the Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict in- volving 377 respondents for quantitative analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using the chi square and regression analysis. After controlling the economic status and education level variables, the data revealed that urban communities were still practicing OD (23.3%) with land ownership, latrine ownership, conative attitude, and occupation as influential factors. Statistical test results showed that the most influential factor in the behavior of OD in the community was latrine ownership (p-value <0.001, OR adj = 58.2). These findings suggested that stakeholders must take action on landowners who do not allow sanitation facilities to be built on their land.
Risk Perception for Developing Erectile Dysfunction among Malaysian Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mohamad, Anuar; Tohid, Hizlinda; Ahmad, Saharuddin; Tong, Seng Fah; Ahmad, Mahadir
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Risk perception for developing erectile dysfunction (ED) is an appreciation of the susceptibility to having ED and its severity. This study examined this risk perception and its associated factors among 180 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who claimed not to have ED. This cross sectional study was conducted at a public health clinic using a validated self-administered questionnaire, which assessed participant characteristics, perceived susceptibility to developing ED, perceived severity of ED, and knowledge on risk factors for ED. About 71.1% had an inaccurate perception of susceptibility to developing ED and their perception on its severity was moderate (median (IQR) score: 10.0 (6.0); range score: 3–15; midpoint: 9). In multiple linear regression, having ED symptoms (p-value < 0.001) and secondary (p-value = 0.045) or tertiary education (p-value: 0.022) significantly contributed to a higher perception of susceptibility. A higher perception of severity was significantly found in Malays (p-value < 0.001), the employed (p-value = 0.026), and those with better knowledge on risk factors for ED (p-value < 0.001). Risk perception for developing ED among men with T2DM appears poor and it was significantly influenced by sociocultural factors, educational attainment, ED symptoms, and knowledge on risk factors for ED. Thus, to improve their risk perception, they should be provided appropriate counseling and education.
Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices of Female Healthcare Workers in Jakarta, Indonesia Rapingah, Siti; Muhani, Nova; Besral, Besral; Yuniar, Poppy
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 1
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Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that mothers worldwide exclusively breastfeed their infants for the child's first six months to achieve optimal growth, development, and health. Indonesia had not fulfilled the global standard of breastfeeding rate so that there was low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in East Jakarta, especially for female healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices of healthcare workers. This was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design. The recruited sample consisted of 85 female public health center workers with infants aged 6-24 months. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding. The results showed that the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding was 54.1%. Variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding were knowledge, attitude, family support, co-worker support, and healthcare worker support. Multivariate analysis showed that knowledge and age were the dominant factors of exclusive breastfeeding practices with an odds ratio (OR) adjusted OR of 14 and 5, re¬spectively. Knowledge was an influential factor in the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, creating a training program related to breastfeeding would be expected to improve knowledge. Besides, a supportive policy such as providing breastfeeding facilities was needed.

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