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BANI Arbitration and Law Journal
Published by Badan Arbirase Nasional Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30890047     DOI : https://doi.org/10.63400/balj
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal is a journal in the fields of arbitration, dispute resolution and law regulating the mechanism of arbitration and dispute resolution in particular in Indonesia and the regions, including South-East Asia (ASEAN). BANI Arbitration and Law Journal publishes twice a year in April and October. BANI Arbitration and Law Journal invites academics, researchers and practitioners to submit their unpublished articles or research on arbitration, dispute resolution or their related regulations. The language of journal is Indonesian and English. BANI Arbitration and Law Journal objective is set to become the leading international journal on arbitration focusing the progressive development of arbitration and alternative dispute resolution and their regulations. BANI Arbitration and Law Journal publishes theoretical and practical contributions on arbitration, dispute resolutions and their regulations.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 19 Documents
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Isu-Isu Prinsipil dalam Pelaksanaan (secara paksa) Putusan Arbitrase Nasional di Indonesia Rossdiono, Anangga W.; Taqwa, Muhamad Dzadit; Sirait, Melinda Yunita L.
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, October 2025
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i1.23

Abstract

AbstrakSalah satu tolak ukur efektivitas dari proses arbitrase adalah terlaksananya putusan arbitrase. Pelaksanaan memang dapat didistingsikan menjadi dua, yaitu: (1) pelaksanaan secara sukarela; dan (2) pelaksanaan secara paksa yang biasa disebut dengan eksekusi melalui Pengadilan Negeri. Akan tetapi, terdapat berbagai karakteristik fundamental dari arbitrase yang tidak terjaga dari pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase secara paksa, seperti tidak terjaganya prinsip iktikad baik (good faith) dalam arbitrase dan inefektivitas karakteristik final and binding dari putusan arbitrase. Pun demikian, pada faktanya, berdasarkan data yang diolah secara mandiri oleh BANI Arbitration Centre sampai tahun 2023, tetap terdapat realitas adanya putusan yang tidak dilaksanakan secara sukarela meskipun hanya sekitar 27-30%. Di samping itu, di dalam UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, terdapat juga isu terkait dengan eksekusi putusan arbitrase nasional di Indonesia, yaitu adanya frasa bahwa putusan arbitrase hanya dapat dilaksanakan bilamana putusan tersebut didaftarkan ke Pengadilan Negeri, dan terbukanya peluang penolakan permohonan eksekusi putusan arbitrase nasional melalui Pengadilan Negeri oleh Ketua Pengadilan Negeri yang berwenang atas dasar kesusilaan dan ketertiban umum. Berbagai tulisan yang telah membahas mengenai pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase nasional di Indonesia belum menyoroti aspek adanya berbagai karakteristik fundamental tersebut yang tidak terjaga dari tidak dilaksanakannya putusan arbitrase secara sukarela serta beberapa isu lainnya. Tulisan ini tidak hendak menghilangkan mekanisme eksekusi, tetapi mendorong bahwa putusan arbitrase seharusnya dilaksanakan secara sukarela. Abstract One measure of the effectiveness of the arbitration process is the implementation of the arbitration award; without implementation, the arbitration process becomes futile. It can be distinguished in two forms, namely voluntary compliance and forced enforcement, commonly referred to as execution (“eksekusi”) through the District Court. In fact, based on data independently processed by BANI Arbitration Centre until 2023, around 27-30% of awards are not voluntarily complied; although the number of awards voluntarily complied still exceeds those forced. Additionally, there are various normative issues related to the enforcement of national arbitration awards, namely: (1) the obligation to register national arbitration awards to the District Court within a maximum period of 30 days for the award to be enforceable, giving the impression that arbitration awards can only be enforced after registration with the District Court; and (2) the possibility of the District Court Chief Justice rejecting the application for the execution of national arbitration awards on the grounds of morality and public order. This paper observes that various fundamental characteristics of arbitration are compromised by these issues, such as the undermining of the principle of trust in arbitration and the ineffectiveness of the final and binding nature of arbitration awards. Various writings on the enforcement of national arbitration awards in Indonesia have yet to highlight the aspect of these fundamental characteristics being compromised. The resolution of this issue has two dimensions: a normative dimension and an actor dimension, particularly involving the parties and the arbitrators.
Penyelesaian Sengketa pada Perjanjian Pembelian Tenaga Listrik Melalui Arbitrase Wahjosoedibjo, Anton
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, October 2025
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i1.24

Abstract

Abstract The purchase of electrical power by an off-taker from an Independent Power Producers (IPP) is administered by a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA). After a power project developer secured the power generation project through tender process or direct appointment, the project developer sets a special project company with its sponsor to build, own and operate the power plant for a specific term, and sign a PPA with the off-taker to administer the power sales. In Indonesia the off-taker for public utility is PT PLN (Persero). Each PPA is specific for a certain power project. However, there are a model PPA for each type of power generation project which addressed specific topics agreed upon by both parties in the PPA, that are formulated in the heads of agreement. These are sources of disputes in implementing the PPA. If the dispute cannot be resolved through amicable discussions between the two parties, then they bring the case for settlement in the court or arbitration tribunal. This paper discusses common disputed issues in a PPA and offers alternative solutions through arbitration tribunals.
UNCITRAL Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution as Soft Law Instrument for Online Dispute Resolution: An Indonesia Perspective Budhijanto, Danrivanto; Roosdiono, Anangga W.; Maulana, Mursal
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, October 2025
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i1.25

Abstract

This article discusses the UNCITRAL Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution, a soft law instrument designed by UNCITRAL. The Notes are non-binding instrument in nature, descriptive, and could be used as procedural rules governing online dispute resolution (ODR). With the rise of e-commerce, ODR can be considered an effective and efficient mechanism for resolving disputes arising from cross-border transactions worldwide, including in Indonesia. To ensure optimal implementation of ODR, a legal framework governing the online dispute resolution process is essential. To date, most countries and ODR institutions still lack substantive and procedural rules regarding ODR. The emergence of the UNCITRAL Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution is considered to be potential option, notwithstanding its purely soft law character. While not legally binding, disputing parties can consensually agree to use the Notes as rules of procedure.This article is structured in four parts. The first part is an introduction that briefly discusses the existence of ODR in last recent decades as a consequence of the rise in e-commerce activity. The second part discusses the history of ODR and recent developments in several jurisdictions. The third section discusses the scope of the UNCITRAL Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution and the final section as a conclusion proposes that Soft Law instruments such as the UNCITRAL Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution can function as instruments that can be used as alternative sources of ODR law.
Masalah Kompetensi, Independensi, Integritas, dan Imunitas Arbiter Wibowo, Basuki Rekso
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, October 2025
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i1.26

Abstract

AbstrakArbitrase merupakan salah satu pilihan penyelesaian sengketa komersial yang memiliki berbagai keunggulan dibandingkan dengan litigasi di pengadilan. Berbagai keunggulan tersebut antara lain (1). Para pihak berdasarkan perjanjian tertulis memiliki kebebasan untuk menentukan pilihan : (a). forum arbitrase (institusional atau ad hoc), (b). pilihan hukum yang berlaku, (c). pilihan arbiter; (d). pilihan tempat penyelenggaraan arbitrase; (2). Arbiter yang dinilai kompeten dan memiliki pengalaman yang cukup sesuai dengan karakteristik sengketa; (3). Proses arbitrase dibatasi waktu tertentu; (4). proses arbitrase bersifat tertutup dan dirahasiakan; (5). putusan arbitrase bersifat final dan mengikat; (6). Putusan arbitrase dapat dimintakan eksekusinya melalui pengadilan. Untuk dapat memenuhi berbagai keunggulan tersebut, perlu ditumbuhkan kepercayaan yang kuat di kalangan pelaku bisnis, khususnya para pihak yang bersengketa, terhadap arbiter, lembaga arbitrase, dan proses arbitrase yang fair yang hal tersebut akan menentukan perkembangan arbitrase di masa kini dan masa mendatang. Etika bisnis dan itikad baik juga perlu dikembangkan, agar para pihak yang bersengketa bersedia secara sukarela melaksanakan putusan arbitrase. AbstractArbitration is an option for resolving commercial disputes that has many advantages compared to litigation by the court. These advantages include (1). The parties based on the agreement have the freedom to make choices: (a). arbitration forum (institutional or ad hoc), (b). choice of applicable law, (c). choice of arbitrator (d). choice of seat for the arbitration to be held; (2). Arbitrators who are considered competent and have sufficient experience in accordance with the characteristics of the dispute, (3). Arbitration process is limited to a certain time, (4). arbitration process is private and confidential, (5). arbitral award is final and binding, (6). The arbitration award can be requested for its executabale through the court. To be able to fulfill these various advantages, it is necessary to grow strong trust among business people, especially the parties to the dispute, in arbitrators, arbitral institutions, and a fair arbitration process which will greatly determine the development of arbitration in the present and in the future. It is also necessary to cultivate business ethics and good faith so that the disputing parties are willing voluntarily to carry out the arbitral award.
Dinamika Kompetensi Absolut Antara Arbitrase & Kepailitan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang Arisandi, Febry
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 1, October 2025
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i1.27

Abstract

Abstrak In the Indonesian legal system, arbitration and bankruptcy are two different mechanisms for dispute resolution, but they are closely related in terms of the competence of the adjudicators to resolve rights and obligations. The competence of adjudication in arbitration and bankruptcy has complex dynamics, particularly in terms of determining jurisdiction, submission procedures, and understanding of applicable law. This article discusses the dynamics of adjudication competence in arbitration and bankruptcy in Indonesia based on decisions related to bankruptcy and suspension of debt payment obligations. In terms of jurisdiction, the court has exclusive jurisdiction in bankruptcy cases, while arbitrators require the agreement of the parties in dispute to resolve disputes through arbitration. However, in practice, Commercial Court judges in bankruptcy and suspension of debt payment obligations (PKPU) cases in Indonesia still make decisions on disputes that contain arbitration clauses in their business agreements. In conclusion, the dynamics of adjudicating competence in arbitration and bankruptcy in Indonesia require clear and consistent regulations for legal certainty in doing business in Indonesia. Commercial Court judges must have adequate knowledge about arbitration and related arbitration rules and agreements and be able to make fair and accurate decisions in resolving disputes. In the long run, efforts to improve adjudication competence are expected to increase public trust in the Indonesian legal system.
Sumbangan Pendapat Hukum Mahkamah Internasional mengenai Kewajiban Negara terhadap Krisis Iklim Adolf, Huala
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 2, April 2026
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

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Abstract

Pada tanggal 23 Juli 2025, Mahkamah Internasional (International Court of Justice atau ICJ) mengeluarkan pendapat hukum mengenai kewajiban negara terhadap dampak perubahan atau krisis iklim. Pendapat hukum ini relevan dengan kondisi lingkungan dan iklim di dunia sekarang ini. Tulisan ini memfokuskan pada sumbangan hukum apa yang pendapat hukum ICJ berikan sebagaimana termuat dalam pendapat hukumnya. terhadap perkembangan hukum internasional terkait krisis atau perubahan iklim dan lingkungan. Pendekatan tulisan ini adalah juridis normatif. Instrumen hukum yang diangkat adalah sumber hukum internasional yang relevan termasuk Piagam PBB dan perjanjian iklim (UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol dan Perjanjian Paris) dan berbagai instrumen hukum lingkungan internasional termasuk instrumen di bidang hukum HAM. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan, pendapat hukum ICJ tanggal 23 Juli 2025 telah memberi subangan teoretis dan praktis yang penting. Pendapat hukum juga menegaskan kembali (restatement) norma hukum internasional mengenai tanggung jawab negara sebagaimana termuat dalam ILC’s Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (“ILC Articles”).
Ex Parte Relief in Emergency Arbitration: Protective Preliminary Orders under the 2025 Singapore Arbitration Centre (SIAC) Rules Salim, Muhammad Ilham Agus
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 2, April 2026
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i2.30

Abstract

This paper examines the emergence of ex parte interim relief in international arbitration, focusing on the introduction of Protective Preliminary Orders under Schedule 1, Rule 25 of the 2025 SIAC Arbitration Rules. Traditionally, arbitral tribunals have refrained from granting relief without notice due to concerns regarding party consent, due process, and enforceability. This study evaluates whether such concerns remain valid in light of recent institutional developments. It argues that the consent objection is overstated, as parties effectively accept procedural powers including ex parte measures through the incorporation of institutional rules into arbitration agreements. Similarly, the due process objection can be mitigated where the respondent’s right to be heard is deferred rather than denied, supported by safeguards such as short expiry periods and prompt inter partes hearings. However, the paper identifies the arbitrator’s lack of coercive power as a fundamental structural limitation. Unlike national courts, arbitral tribunals cannot compel third parties or enforce compliance through sovereign authority, limiting the practical effectiveness of ex parte relief in urgent situations involving asset dissipation or evidence preservation. A comparative analysis demonstrates that arbitral and judicial standards for granting interim relief are largely aligned in both procedural and substantive aspects. The paper concludes that while the 2025 SIAC Rules represent a significant advancement in arbitral practice, ex parte emergency relief cannot fully replace judicial intervention. Instead, it should be understood as a complementary mechanism, enhancing the flexibility and responsiveness of arbitration while preserving the essential role of national courts
Peran Majelis Arbiter dalam Menilai Sengketa Konstruksi: Pendekatan Teknis dan Hukum dalam Arbitrase Eddymurthy, Ira Andamara
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 2, April 2026
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63400/balj.v2i2.33

Abstract

Construction disputes differ substantially from ordinary commercial disputes because they involve complex technical dimensions, multiple parties in layered contractual relationships, and heavy reliance on technical and administrative documentation generated during project execution. In Indonesian construction arbitration practice, the arbitral tribunal must not only interpret the contract but also assess the technical facts which require an understanding of construction methods, project management, and relevant engineering standards. This article examines the characteristics of construction disputes, the types of claims most commonly raised, appropriate evidentiary approaches, the role of expert witnesses, site inspections, document discovery mechanisms, and the tribunal’s active role in ensuring that both technical and legal facts are objectively established. A hybrid approach combining contract law and technical analysis is a key prerequisite for tribunals to render arbitral awards that are fair, fact-based, and effectively enforceable in construction practice.
Implikasi Undang-Undang Pelindungan Data Pribadi di Era Digital dalam Dunia Arbitrase dan Mediasi Nugroho , Aryoputro
BANI Arbitration and Law Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): BANI Arbitration and Law Journal, Volume 2, Issue 2, April 2026
Publisher : Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRAKJaman modernisasi teknologi mengalami perkembangan dari hari ke hari. Perubahan dari kebiasaan hingga budaya ekonomi masyarakat sehari hari menjadi tidak terkecuali. Secara global dunia ini telah mengalami beberapa transisi dari Industry 1.0 sampai saat ini di Industry 5.0. Tidak terkecuali perubahan budaya interkoneksi global melalui internet dari koneksi dial up hingga broadband. Dimana salah satu elemen dari kebutuhan teknologi internet ini adalah butuhnya data pribadi sebagai identitas digital. Data pribadi di jaman sekarang semakin mempunyai nilai berharga yang nilai dari data tersebut bisa diukur melalui kehadiran jasa KJPP atau Appraisal. Apalagi terhadap data pribadi dalam jumlah besar atau Big Data. Keberadaan Big Data sebagai intangible asset ini telah berkembang menjadi suatu new oil atau valuasi berharga baru terutama di ekonomi digital. Sebagai wujud perlindungan ini, dunia global telah mempunyai General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) dan Indonesia mempunyai Undang Undang no 27 Tahun 2022 tentang pelindungan data pribadi. Dalam regulasi tersebut tercantum adanya ketentuan yang mengatakan bahwa atas sengketa menyangkut pelindungan data pribadi bisa dilakukan melalui arbitrase dan lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa (”APS”) lain. Penggunaan lembaga arbitrase dan lembaga APS lain di bidang ini merupakan potensi bagi para pihak yang ingin menyelesaikan sengketa dengan efektif, efisien, tidak terlalu lama dan menjaga hubungan baik menggunakan panel of expert secara rahasia. Tulisan ini akan membuka cara berpikir para pelaku bisnis dan praktisi hukum dalam menyikapi era ekonomi digital yang sudah hadir di depan mata.ABSTRACTIn the modern era, technology continues to develop from day to day. Changes in habits and the economic culture of society are no exception. Globally, the world has undergone several transitions from Industry 1.0 to the current Industry 5.0. This includes shifts in the culture of global interconnection through the internet, from dial-up connections to broadband. One essential element of internet technology is the need for personal data as a digital identity. Nowadays, personal data holds increasing value, and the value of such data can be measured through the services of KJPP or Appraisal. This is particularly significant in the context of large volumes of personal data, or Big Data. The existence of Big Data as an intangible asset has evolved into a form of "new oil" or a new valuable asset, especially in the digital economy. As a form of protection, the global community has established the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and Indonesia has enacted Indonesian Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection. This regulation stipulates that disputes related to personal data protection may be resolved through arbitration and other alternative dispute resolution (ADR) institutions. The use of arbitration and other ADR institutions in this field presents an opportunity for parties seeking to resolve disputes effectively, efficiently, consider relationship maintain without excessive delay through a panel of experts in a confidential manner. This paper aims to broaden the perspective of business actors and legal practitioners in responding to the digital economy era that is already before us.

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