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Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanol Extract Fraction of Water Hyacinth Stem (Eichhornia Crassipes (Mart.) Solms) Using DPPH Method Zulfa Nurmawadah; Willy Tirza Eden
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i1.9951

Background: Water hyacinth has been shown to have radical scavenging activity as an antioxidant. Some secondary metabolites contained in water hyacinth have antioxidant activity. Aim: This study aims to identifying the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts, fractions, and isolates of water hyacinth stems. Material and Methods: The extraction of water hyacinth stem with maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. The antioxidant activity test of the extract, fraction, and isolate was carried out through , DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) methods to determine the IC50 values. Phytochemical screening to determine the compounds contained in the isolation. The active fraction was then made into an isolate FTIR and GC-MS to determine the compounds. Results: Phytochemical screening test on isolate B8 is suspected to be positive for terpenoid or monoterpenoid compounds, The functional groups of isolate active ethanol extract of water hyacinth stem (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) consist of functional groups C-H, C-H aliphatic, CH3, C-O, C=C aromatic, Carboxylic acid stretch, Methylene CH bend, tert-butyl.

Analysis study of Methampyrone in jamu pegal linu circulating in Semarang City using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrophotometry and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Ameliyana; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.9954

Traditional medicine (jamu) has been widely known as an alternative medicine because its side effects are mild, easy to obtain, and cheaper than synthetic medicines. One of the herbal medicines used as a pain reliever in Indonesia is called Jamu Pegal linu. Analgesic drugs are often added illegally to herbal remedies to treat aches and pains. Methampyrone is an example of a medicinal chemical that can most likely be added to jamu pegal linu. The National Food and Drug Administration reported the discovery of contamination in the form of medicinal chemicals. The distribution of herbal medicines containing medicinal chemicals that are dangerous to the public is prohibited based on Minister of Health Regulation no. 007 of 2012. This study aims to determine the content and levels of the medicinal chemical methampyrone in jamu pegal linu in Semarang City. In this study, jamu pegal linu sold in Semarang City will be analyzed for the medicinal chemical content of methampyrone. This research is an experimental study to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the medicinal chemicals of the drug methampyrone in jamu pegal linu. The qualitative analysis method uses FTIR to identify functional groups. The quantitative analysis method uses UV-Vis Spectrophotometry which has been validated to determine the levels of methampyrone contained in jamu pegal linu. The results of qualitative analysis tests using FTIR show that methampyrone contains functional groups such as C=O (amide), C=C (aromatic), C-H, O=S=O, C-O, S=O, and C-H out-of-plane. The readings from the fifth samples (A, B, N, I, and L) were positive for methampyrone due to the presence of these functional groups, which are characteristic of methampyrone. Validation of the analytical method using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry demonstrates its suitability for quantifying methampyrone levels in jamu pegal linu. The method validation parameters include a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9997; limit of detection (LOD) of 0.275966 mg/L; limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.9198867 mg/L; precision expressed as % RSD of 0.1444%; and accuracy indicated by %recovery of 82,7544%; 84,005%; and 85,721%. The results from the validated analysis method reveal the presence of methampyrone in jamu pegal linu across the five samples (A, B, N, I, and L), with concentrations in each sample measured at 3,594 ± 0,002%; 1,507 ± 0,003%; 1,386 ± 0,003%; 2,900 ± 0,003%; and 31,870 ± 0,028%.

Identification And Determination of Levels the Drug Chemical Sibutramin Hydrochloride in Body Slimming Herbs Circulating in the City of Salatiga Prisma Detty Nuryana; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.9977

Background: Sibutramine hydrochloride is strictly prohibited from being present in weight loss herbal medicines according to the regulations of the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control (Badan POM RI) No.KH.00.01.43. However, due to increasing competition, many traditional medicine producers seek greater profits by adding sibutramine hydrochloride (SH) to their products. Aim: This study aimed to establish the validity of the UV-VIS spectrophotometer method for analyzing sibutramine hydrochloride and to test the levels and content of sibutramine hydrochloride in weight loss herbal medicine samples sold in Salatiga City. Materials and Methods: A total of 8 samples of weight loss capsules obtained from traditional medicine stores in Salatiga City were subjected to qualitative and quantitative tests. Validation parameters included linearity, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantification (LoQ), precision, and accuracy. Results: The study revealed a linear regression equation of y=0.0397x + 0.046 with r=0.9975 and r^2=0.9950, with a maximum wavelength of 223 nm. The LOD was 1.01 mg/L and LOQ was 3.37 mg/L. Precision, expressed as % RSD, was 0.147%, and percent recoveries (% recovery) were 98.263%, 89.337%, and 91.703%. Qualitative tests on each sample compared spectra and maximum wavelengths with standard sibutramine hydrochloride spectra, identifying samples A, B, C, E, and F as negative for sibutramine hydrochloride, while samples D, G, and H tested positive. Quantitative analysis determined sibutramine hydrochloride concentrations in weight loss herbal medicines using linear regression equations. The concentrations in samples D, G, and H were 6.0117 mg/L, 6.7254 mg/L, and 6.0117 mg/L, respectively. The percentage content of sibutramine hydrochloride in samples D, G, and H was 3.00%, 3.36%, and 3.00%, respectively. Conclusion: The UV-VIS spectrophotometer method is validated for analyzing sibutramine hydrochloride in weight loss herbal medicines across all tested parameters. Samples A, B, C, E, and F were found negative for sibutramine hydrochloride, whereas samples D, G, and H tested positive.

Validation Study of the Method of Analysis of Fe (II) Levels in Blood Addition Tablet Preparations by Wet Destruction and Dry Destruction Methods by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Nurul Fajar Agustina; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.10006

Iron is one of the micro minerals needed in the human body. One effort to meet iron needs can be done by consuming blood supplement tablets that contain iron. The iron content contained in blood supplement tablets needs to be known by carrying out quality testing to ensure that the preparation contains the specified ingredients and quantities. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer is an alternative method for determining iron levels because it has lower operating costs and is simpler but has high sensitivity. Determining the iron content to be analyzed requires a complexing agent to form colored compounds. The complexing compound often used in this research is phenantorline. The requirement for metal analysis using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer is that the sample must be in solution form so a digestion process needs to be carried out. Destruction is divided into two, namely dry and wet destruction. This study aims to compare two digestion methods that are commonly used, namely wet digestion and dry digestion in determining Fe (II) levels in blood supplement tablets. In this research, method validation will also be carried out which aims to show that the testing procedures used obtain the expected results consistently and continuously. Validation of analytical methods carried out includes linearity test parameters, detection limit tests, quantitation limit tests, accuracy tests and precision tests. . Linearity is indicated by R2 of 0.9986; detection limit of 1.10 mg/L; quantitation limit of 3.62 mg/L; accuracy of dry digestion and wet digestion between 80-120%; and precision of dry digestion and wet digestion as indicated by an RSD percentage below 2%. Quantitative test results showed that the percentage levels of blood added tablet samples from wet digestion and dry digestion were 91.52% respectively; 100.09%; 96.15%; 100.96%; 100.67%. and 93.39%; 108.29%; 99.47%; 93.47%; and 92.57%.

Antibacterical Activity Test of Suji Leaf Fraction (Dracaena angustifolis (Medik.) Roxb) against the Growth of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Acne-Causing Bacteria Erika Wuryaningsih; Endah Widhihastuti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v4i2.10175

The suji plants is a plant that has benefits as an antibacterial, one of which is the leaves. Suji leaves contain chemical compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. The compounds can function as antibacterials. The study aims to determine the value of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of suji leaf fractions against Streptococcus epidermidis bacteria. The antibacterial test method used is liquid dilution and solid dilution. The results obtained were the most active fraction that was able to inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis was the n-hexane fraction with a KHM value of 6.25% and KBM 12.5%. The results obtained show that the N-Hexane fraction of suji leaves which is the most active fraction in inhibiting bacterial growth is not as good as clindamycin and ethanol extract in inhibiting Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, where ethanol extract has a KBM value of 6.25%. Meanwhile, clindamycin which is a positive control has been able to inhibit and kill the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at a concentration of 0.1%. The results of KBM values obtained from the most active samples are ethanol extract > n-hexane fraction > ethyl acetate fraction > ethyl acetate insoluble fraction. Bioautography KLT results show that the compounds responsible for antibacterial activity are thought to be flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids.

Formulation and Test of Antioxidant Activity of Serum Active Fraction of Red Pomegranate Skin Extract (Punica granatum L.) by FRAP Method (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) Thianika Shalsabillah Armandoko; Senda Kartika Rakainsa
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.10664

Aging of the body occurs with age, which can be seen in the skin. Skin aging is a physiological process that occurs in the human body. Free radicals are one of the causes of skin aging. By using antioxidant compounds, you can stop the increase in free radicals. Red pomegranate peel extract (Punica granatum L.) is one of the natural ingredients for a natural antioxidant, cause it’s contains polyphenols such as tannins. The aim of this research was to determine the fraction of pomegranate peel extract with the highest antioxidant activity and to determine the optimal serum formula for the red pomegranate peel fraction. The antioxidant activity testing method used in this research is the FRAP method (ferric reducing antioxidant power). The sample extract is fractionated, and then the fraction that has the highest antioxidant activity is made into a serum preparation formulation and preparation evaluation test. Based on the results of total tannin levels in all samples also showed positive results with a change in the color of the solution to bluish. The results of the antioxidant activity of all samples were categorized as very strong antioxidants as stated in the IC value50 < 50 ppm. Optimizing the antioxidant serum formulation used HPMC concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2% respectively. The results obtained from testing antioxidant activity obtained IC values50 the best was 0.368 ppm for the ethyl acetate fraction of red pomegranate peel. Optimizing the serum formula used a HPMC concentration of 1%, with an IC value50 amounting to 133,903 ppm.

Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Testing of Nanoemulsion Cream from Coriander Seed Extract (Coriandrum sativum L.) in Inhibiting Protein Synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Intan Tasya Az Zahra; Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.26815

Bullous impetigo is a contagious skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, characterized by the formation of fluid-filled bullae. The use of topical antibiotics for impetigo treatment has side effects, including the increased risk of bacterial resistance, leading to reduced efficacy. Natural alternatives such as coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum L.) have the potential as antibacterial agents with fewer side effects. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial activity of a nanoemulsion cream containing coriander seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction of coriander seeds was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol to obtain a thick extract, followed by phytochemical screening to qualitatively identify bioactive compounds and a quantitative total flavonoid test, which resulted in a flavonoid content of 61.64 mg QE/g. The nanoemulsion was formulated using PEG 400 and VCO as the oil phase, while Tween 80, distilled water, and coriander seed extract at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% were used as the aqueous phase. The nanoemulsion was then incorporated into a cream base containing stearic acid, cera alba, and white vaseline as the oil phase, and TEA, propylene glycol, methylparaben, and distilled water as the aqueous phase, heated in a water bath at 75°C. The resulting preparations were evaluated and tested for antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method. The bioactive compounds identified in coriander seed extract include alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and flavonoids, which exhibit antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial test results showed that the inhibition zones for F1 (2.5%), F2 (5%), and F3 (7.5%) were 15.00 mm, 22.00 mm, and 28.33 mm, respectively, while the positive control had an inhibition zone of 30.67 mm. The highest antibacterial activity was obtained at the F3 concentration (7.5%) with an inhibition zone diameter of 28.33 mm, classified as very strong.

The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Bangle Rhizome (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) on Reducing Blood Sugar Levels in Hyperglycemic Mice: In vivo and In silico Studies Valerie Gerail Sitompul; Nugrahaningsih W. H
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.27250

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease in which blood sugar levels are uncontrolled. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is uncontrolled blood sugar levels that occur due to insulin resistance or reduced body sensitivity to insulin. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, pharmacologically, uses oral antihyperglycemic drugs and injectable antihyperglycemic drugs. Although effective, antidiabetic drugs often cause adverse side effects. Indonesian people are concerned about synthetic drugs because of the potential side effects caused so that people are encouraged to look for more natural or herbal alternative treatments that are believed to have antidiabetic activity, one of which is ginger. Bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) is one of the plants that belongs to the zingiberaceae or ginger family. Bangle rhizome has a major compound of curcumin of 2,633% w/w and phenylbutanoid which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) agonist activity. With this activity, the antidiabetic potential of bangle rhizome was tested in vivo using alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice, observed in 14 days with bangle rhizome extract doses of 100mg/kgBW, 200mg/kgBW, 400mg/kgBW, and in silico to determine compounds that have antidiabetic activity. The results obtained from the in vivo test for reducing blood sugar on days 7 and 14 had a significance value of 0.383 (p>0.05) and 0.253 (p>0.05) which means that the administration of bangle rhizome extract did not have a significant effect on reducing blood sugar in hyperglycemic male mice. The in silico test conducted was in line with the in vivo results where bangle rhizome extract had greater potential for anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and fat metabolism activities. The PASS Online results did not show any activity related to insulin sensitivity or alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity.

The Effect of Nanotechnology in the Formulation of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria Ternatea) Extract Cream on the Antibacterial Activity of Acne-Causing Propionibacterium acnes Chrisabela Bia; Tri Minarsih
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.27310

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Common therapy using topical antibiotics can cause resistance if used long term. It is necessary to develop therapy using natural ingredients of butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) which has the potential for antibacterial activity and is made into a cream formulation with nanoparticle technology that can increase drug bioavailability. This study used an experimental method with the stages of maceration extraction of butterfly pea flowers using 96% ethanol, making nanoparticle extracts using the ionic gelation method (sodium alginate and CaCl₂), and making nanocreams using the high-energy emulsification method. The formulation formulations consisted of formula 1 extract cream, formula 2 extract nanoparticle cream, and formula 3 butterfly pea flower extract nanocream with a concentration of 5%. Particle size characterization was carried out using the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), while the antibacterial activity test was carried out using the well diffusion method against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The characterization results showed that the size of the extract nanoparticles was 378 nm, the extract nanoparticle cream was 4402 nm, and the nanocream was 465 nm. Physical evaluation showed that all three formulas met good standards and were classified as O/A type creams. The nanocream formulation had the highest antibacterial activity with an average inhibition zone of 6.3 mm (moderate category), while the extract cream and extract nanoparticle cream showed lower inhibition, 4.2 mm and 1 mm respectively (weak category), so that the telang flower extract nanocream formulation was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.

In Silico Drug Design of Sembukan (Paederia scandenz) As Anti-Breast Cancer Agents Eva Ulfiatus Shofia; R. Susanti
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i1.27527

cancer is a disease of excessive cell growth and is one of the cases of disease that has increased every year. cancer treatment therapy in the form of chemotherapy drugs has various side effects so that safer long-term treatment is needed, namely using herbal medicines such as sembukan plants (Paederia scandens). This research was conducted using experimental methods computationally through in silico methods as a potential prediction test as a reference for further studies. isolate compounds are carried out molecular tethering against progesterone, estrogen, HER2, and NfkB receptors using PyRx 0.8 software. Then the isolated compounds were tested for the feasibility of chemical and pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity using the Lipinski Rules of Five data base and ADMETLab 3.0. Furthermore, visualization was carried out to see the bonding interaction between ligand and receptor protein using Biovia Discovery Studio 2024 software. Based on the results of molecular tethering compounds Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-7-glucoside, Cosmetin, Quercetin 3-o-rutinoside-7-o-glucoside, Daidzein and Linarin have the potential as inhibitors respectively against progesterone, HER2, Nf-kB, estrogen and overall average receptors with each binding affinity value of -9. 6 kcal/mol, -9.8 kcal/mol, -9.8 kcal/mol, -10.8 kcal/mol, -8.9 kcal/mol and -9.0 kcal/mol respectively. The best physico-chemical properties were obtained for Daidzein and Linarin compounds. Visualization data generated that Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-7-glucoside, Cosmetin, Quercetin 3-o-rutinoside-7-o-glucoside, Daidzein and Linarin compounds have similar interactions and amino acid residues with control drugs so that they are predicted to have similar pharmacological effects as breast anticancer.

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Editorial Address Sekaran, Kec. Gn. Pati, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50229

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Contact Name
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Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
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Sekaran, Kec. Gn. Pati, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50229

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA