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Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi Krakatau
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31100635     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61401/rmaps
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Published by Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM), Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Krakatau, Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies (RMAPS) is an online and open-access academic journal focusing on critical and original multidisciplinary approaches. Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies welcomes high-quality manuscripts covering original research articles, review articles, book reviews, case reports, and discussions from academics, researchers, practitioners, and professionals from various fields, including but not limited to social sciences, natural sciences, humanities, and technology aimed at providing a better understanding of contemporary issues in various fields of study.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 31 Documents
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Security Issues in Anonymous Communication Systems Malath Sabri Kareem
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.510

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the security aspects of anonymous communication systems, which are critical for protecting digital privacy and maintaining freedom of expression online. It focuses on widely used systems, such as the Tor network and Holloway's Freedom protocol, analyzing vulnerabilities, systemic weaknesses, and the advanced attack techniques employed by adversaries to compromise user anonymity, including traffic analysis, de-anonymization, and timing correlation attacks. Research Methodology: A literature-based analytical approach was employed, reviewing specialized scientific articles and experimental studies published between 2020 and 2026. Emphasis was placed on research accepted at prominent conferences in network security and privacy protection. The study synthesizes evidence on security threats, attack methodologies, and systemic vulnerabilities affecting anonymous communication systems. Results: The analysis reveals persistent fundamental weaknesses in current anonymous communication systems, which continue to compromise security. Additionally, the application of big data and artificial intelligence has facilitated increasingly sophisticated attack strategies capable of penetrating multiple layers of anonymity. The study identifies both the limitations of existing systems and the emerging risks that users face. Conclusions: Protecting anonymity in digital communication requires both system-level improvements and strategic countermeasures against evolving attack techniques. Recommendations include technical upgrades, protocol redesigns, and adoption of AI-resistant security measures to ensure the resilience of anonymous communication systems in the future. Limitations: The study relies on literature review and secondary data rather than primary experimental validation. As such, conclusions may not fully generalize to all types of anonymous systems or evolving attack scenarios. Contribution: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of current threats and vulnerabilities in anonymous communication systems, offering practical and research-oriented recommendations to strengthen digital privacy protection and to future-proof these systems against increasingly sophisticated attacks.
Forming Students’ Listening Comprehension Skills Through Artificial Intelligence Technologies M.H. Azimova
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.511

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in enhancing students’ listening comprehension skills in language learning. It focuses on the use of AI-powered tools, adaptive learning platforms, speech recognition systems, intelligent tutoring systems, and personalized educational applications to develop listening abilities. Research Methodology: A qualitative and literature-based approach was employed, analyzing scholarly articles, case studies, and educational reports on AI applications in language learning. The study synthesizes findings on the effectiveness, advantages, challenges, and pedagogical implications of AI integration in listening comprehension. Results: AI technologies create interactive, adaptive, and individualized learning environments that facilitate improved listening comprehension. Features such as real-time feedback, personalized content, and speech recognition significantly enhance students’ engagement, motivation, and skill acquisition. However, challenges including technological access, content quality, and teacher preparedness were identified as potential barriers to effective implementation. Conclusions: Integrating AI into language learning substantially supports the development of listening skills, fostering learner autonomy and providing tailored instructional experiences. Pedagogical strategies should emphasize combining AI tools with human-guided instruction to maximize learning outcomes. Limitations: The study relies primarily on literature review and secondary data, lacking empirical classroom-based validation. Findings may not fully generalize across different educational contexts, language proficiency levels, or regional technological availability. Contribution: This study provides a synthesized overview of AI applications in listening comprehension, offering practical insights for educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers on leveraging technology to enhance language learning outcomes.
Digital Media vs Traditional Promotion: The Changing Dynamics of Silk Road Tourism Marketing in Uzbekistan Fayzullayeva Gulchexra
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.512

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the factors influencing tourism promotion effectiveness in Uzbekistan, focusing on the impact of digital and traditional media channels on tourists’ travel behavior and decision-making toward Silk Road destinations. Research Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed, using primary data collected through structured online questionnaires from 44 respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS, including linear regression for relationships between heritage-related factors and tourism behavior, and descriptive analysis of promotional influences. Results: Digital media, particularly social media platforms such as Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok, were found to be significantly more effective than traditional channels in influencing travel decisions. Social media accounted for the strongest influence on tourist behavior (45.5%), whereas traditional channels like television and travel agencies showed minimal impact. Besides promotional media, accessibility and heritage site preservation were also statistically significant factors affecting travel decisions (p = 0.025; p = 0.004). Conclusions: The findings indicate a clear shift from centralized or traditional tourism marketing toward digitally-driven platforms, where interactive, user-generated content enhances destination image and engagement. While infrastructure and heritage protection remain important, optimizing digital marketing strategies is crucial for improving global competitiveness and tourist engagement with Uzbekistan’s Silk Road destinations. Limitations: The study’s sample size was relatively small, with only 44 respondents, potentially limiting generalizability. Additionally, the research focused solely on Uzbekistan, which may not fully reflect tourism promotion dynamics in other Silk Road countries. Contribution: This study provides new quantitative insights into the effectiveness of digital versus traditional promotional channels for heritage tourism in Uzbekistan, offering practical guidance for policymakers and tourism stakeholders to enhance destination marketing strategies.
Modern Cryptography: A Comprehensive Review of Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption Algorithms Maha A. Sayal
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.527

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to provide a comprehensive comparative review of modern cryptographic algorithms, specifically examining symmetric encryption techniques (AES and RC4) and asymmetric encryption techniques Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA), to evaluate their performance, structure, and suitability for contemporary digital security applications. Research Methodology: A systematic literature review methodology was employed to analyze and compare cryptographic primitives. Primary and secondary sources, including peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings published predominantly within the last five years, were examined. Comparative parameters including key size, block size, structure, speed, security level, and computational cost were used to evaluate each algorithm. Results: The findings demonstrate that symmetric algorithms, particularly Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), exhibit superior speed and computational efficiency compared to asymmetric algorithms such as RSA. AES with a 128-bit block size and variable key lengths of 128, 192, or 256 bits offers excellent security through its substitution-permutation network. RC4, as a stream cipher, proves effective for real-time and resource-constrained environments. RSA, while computationally expensive, remains indispensable for secure key exchange and digital authentication. Conclusions: Modern cryptographic systems benefit from hybrid approaches integrating both symmetric and asymmetric algorithms to balance security and computational efficiency. AES remains the gold standard for symmetric encryption, while RSA continues to underpin public-key infrastructure. Limitations: This study is limited to three primary algorithms (AES, RC4, RSA) and does not encompass all emerging lightweight cryptographic protocols or post quantum cryptographic schemes. Contributions: This paper contributes a structured, comparative analysis of foundational cryptographic algorithms, bridging classical cryptographic theory with current implementation standards, providing researchers and practitioners with a consolidated reference framework.
Carbon Emissions: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Biblioshiny Ani Pujiati; Yuliansyah Yuliansyah; Chara Pratami Tidespania Tubarad; Sudrajat Sudrajat
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.560

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the development of research related to Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) and carbon emissions using a bibliometric approach. The main objective is to identify research trends, intellectual structure, and future research directions in this field. Methodology: The study employs a bibliometric analysis using Biblioshiny software. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database, consisting of 200 documents published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis includes publication trends, most productive authors, countries, institutions, journals, keyword co-occurrence, thematic mapping, and trendtopic analysis. Results: The findings indicate a significant increase inpublications related to EMA and carbon emissions, particularly after 2020, driven by growing global concerns about sustainability, climate change, and green accounting practices. Conclusion: The study concludes that research on EMA and carbon emissions is rapidly expanding and becoming more interdisciplinary, with increasing focus on sustainability-driven accounting practices. Limitations: This study is limited to Scopus-indexedpublications and may not capture relevant studies from other databases or grey literature sources. Contributions: This study contributes by providing acomprehensive overview of the intellectual structure of EMA and carbon emission research and offers insights into future research directions in sustainability accounting.
The Effect of Regional Government Expenditure on Income Through Economic Output in Jayapura City Hijrah Irwan; Elsyan R. Marlissa; Agustina Sanggrangbano
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 3 No 2 (2026): August
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v3i2.571

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the effect of regional expenditure on economic output and per capita income in Jayapura City, and tests whether economic output mediates this relationship under fiscal decentralization and Papua's Special Autonomy policy. Methodology: A quantitative approach was applied using annual time series data for 2010 to 2024 from the Central Statistics Agency, the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, and the regional budget realization of Jayapura City. Data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares regression supported by the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, classical assumption tests, Newey-West robust standard errors, path analysis, and the Sobel test. Results: Regional expenditure positively and significantly affects economic output and per capita income. Among expenditure components, only goods and services expenditure is significant, while personnel and capital expenditure are not. Economic output does not mediate the relationship between regional expenditure and per capita income. Conclusions: Gains in per capita income are driven more directly by regional expenditure than by the transmission mechanism through economic output. Limitations: The study is constrained by a limited number of annual observations, a single expenditure-output-income framework, and a single-city scope. Contributions: The study integrates expenditure composition, economic output, and per capita income within one path model and provides empirical evidence of a growth-welfare disconnect in a fiscally dependent region under Special Autonomy.
Spatial Analysis of the Effect of Economic Growth and Unemployment on Poverty in Papua Province and Its New Autonomous Regions Iis Pebriyanti; Hasan Basri Umar; Yundy Hafizrianda
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v1i1.572

Abstract

Purpose: Poverty in Papua Province and its three New Autonomous Regions remains the most critical development challenge in Indonesia, given its persistently high ranking relative to the national average. This study analyzes the effect of economic growth and the open unemployment rate on poverty while accounting for spatial heterogeneity across districts and cities. Methodology: Panel data from 29 districts and cities in Papua, South Papua, Central Papua, and Highland Papua for 2020 to 2024, yielding 145 observations, were analyzed using Geographically Weighted Regression Panel with an adaptive bisquare kernel function, following a Breusch-Pagan test for spatial heterogeneity and a global Ordinary Least Squares benchmark. Results: The Breusch-Pagan test confirmed significant spatial heterogeneity. The Geographically Weighted Regression Panel model substantially outperformed the global model, raising R squared from 35.78 percent to 73.23 percent and lowering the corrected Akaike Information Criterion from 965.00 to 881.87. Locally, economic growth and unemployment negatively affect poverty with varying sensitivity across regions, and unemployment proved a more dominant and spatially stable determinant than growth. Conclusions: Poverty reduction strategies following regional expansion must be spatially differentiated rather than uniform. Limitations: The study covers only five years, three predictors, and one geographic cluster of provinces. Contributions: The study offers one of the first district-level spatial panel analyses of poverty determinants across Papua's newly expanded provinces.
Development Strategy for Hamadi Beach Tourist Attraction by the Jayapura City Tourism Office Zulfina Fajriaty; Elsyan R. Marlissa; Halomoan Hutajulu
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v1i1.575

Abstract

Purpose: This study analyzes the readiness of the four tourism components at Hamadi Beach, evaluates its strategic position through internal and external factor analysis, and formulates sustainable development strategies for the Jayapura City Tourism Office. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model and Strengths, Weaknesses,Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis based on the Internal and External Factor Analysis Summary matrices, while validity was ensured through triangulation. Results: Development remains suboptimal, particularly in facilities and ancillary services, though the destination scores a positive internal difference of 0.10 and a positive external difference of 0.30, placing it in Quadrant I, which calls for an aggressive, growth-oriented strategy. Conclusions: Hamadi Beach possesses strong natural and cultural assets that justify prioritized investment in facility upgrading, digital promotion, community-based cultural tourism, and institutional strengthening. Limitations: The single-site case design and the scoring-based SWOT procedure limit generalization and preclude formal statistical inference. Contributions: The study integrates the 4A tourism framework with a quantified Internal and External Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS-EFAS)-based Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis in the underexplored context of Hamadi Beach, Papua.
Tax Service Quality, Taxpayer Compliance, and Motor Vehicle Tax Revenue Performance at UPPD SAMSAT Sentani Isbel Rumboirusi; Hasan Basri Umar; Transna Putra Urip
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v1i1.576

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the effect of tax service quality on taxpayer compliance and its implications for motor vehicle tax revenue performance at UPPD (Unit Pelaksana Pengelola Pendapatan Daerah) SAMSAT (Sistem Administrasi Manunggal Satu Atap) Sentani, and tests whether taxpayer compliance mediates the relationship between service quality and revenueperformance. Methodology: A quantitative approach was applied using a sample of 100 respondents drawn through stratified random sampling from 89,305 registered taxpayers, determined using the Slovin formula with a ten percent margin of error. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and path analysis with SPSS version 27, following validity, reliability, and classical assumption testing. Results: Tax service quality has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance and on revenue performance, while compliance itself does not significantly affect revenue performance. Service quality and compliance jointly affect revenue performance, and the indirect effect of service quality on revenue through compliance exceeds its direct effect. Conclusions: Quality service raises compliance, which in turn contributes to higher tax revenue, although revenue responds more directly to service quality and tariff policy than to compliance alone. Limitations: The study is cross-sectional, confined to one SAMSAT office, and omits variables such as awareness, sanctions, or taxpayers' economic condition. Contributions: The study offers integrated path-analytic evidence on how service quality, compliance, and revenue interact under Papua's newly implemented Opsen tax policy.
Strengthening Fisheries MSMEs for Economic Growth in Mamberamo Hilir District, Mamberamo Raya Regency Havid Ruslan Samber; J. Ary Mollet; Halomoan Hutajulu
Review of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : LPPM STIE KRAKATAU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61401/rmaps.v1i1.577

Abstract

Purpose: This study analyzes the internal and external conditions affecting fisheries micro, small, and medium enterprises in Mamberamo Hilir District and formulates development strategies using Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT)analysis. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative case study design was applied, drawing on in-depth interviews, field observation, and documentation with twenty informants comprising local officials, fishers, fish traders, and consumers, analyzed through a four-stage qualitative SWOT procedure covering factor identification, narrative interpretation, relational mapping, and strategy formulation. Result: The district possesses strong fisheries potential supported by strategic coastal resources and fishing experience, but development is constrained by limited infrastructure, capital, and marketing, despite opportunities from digital technology, market demand, and government support. Conclusions: Fisheries enterprises meaningfully sustain fishing households and generate a measurable local multiplier effect, though this contribution remains below its potential. Limitations: The case study and purposive sample limit generalizability. The study provides a locally grounded framework integrating SWOT analysis with Local Economic Development indicators. Contributions: The study proposes a locally grounded strategy framework linking SWOT to Local Economic Development indicators for an eastern Indonesian fishing community.

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