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INDONESIA
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms
Published by CV. Norma Global
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31232566     DOI : https://doi.org/10.66111
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Legal Studies and Interdisciplinary Research Constitutional Law and Constitutional Theory International Law and Global Governance Comparative Legal Systems Human Rights Law and Social Justice Corporate and Commercial Law Criminal Law and Justice Studies Civil Law and Private Law Legal Philosophy and Jurisprudence Law and Technology Environmental Law Legal Education and Methodology Interdisciplinary Legal Research Legal Culture and Customary Law Alternative and Medical Law Legal Pluralism Socio Legal Studies Sociological Jurisprudence Law and Artificial Intelligence Law and Cyber Crime
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 14 Documents
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Legal and Ethical Dimensions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Utilization within Indonesia's Pluralistic Society Amrizal Siagian; Suryanto Siyo
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66111/14658j82

Abstract

Social interaction within society required norms and values that regulated relationships between individuals. One essential value supporting social order was moral responsibility. With rapid technological advancement, particularly artificial intelligence emergence, there was an urgent need for a balanced legal and ethical framework. This was especially important in Indonesia's diverse society, guided by Pancasila's foundational values. Digital technology development had significantly impacted law, social relations, economics, education, culture, and public administration. This study employed a qualitative approach through sociological empirical research, relying on social reality observation using logic and real-life experience rather than theoretical speculation. The findings indicated that artificial intelligence use in Indonesia had become increasingly widespread. However, this growth lacked a clear and comprehensive legal framework, contrasting with other countries that had begun formulating policies grounded in ethics and social justice for artificial intelligence governance. Given this situation, all stakeholders, including government, academia, and civil society needed to participate in formulating adaptive and flexible regulations rooted in legal principles, ethical considerations, and human rights. This approach ensured artificial intelligence application in Indonesia served as a tool for equitable, inclusive, and human-centered development, rather than becoming a source of legal uncertainty and social inequality.
The Use of AI In Legal Case Analysis and Court Outcome Prediction: Opportunities, Challenges and Ethical Implications Didy Hermawan; Burham Pranawa
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This study investigates Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in legal case analysis and court outcome prediction within Indonesia's judicial system. Using qualitative descriptive analysis through comprehensive literature review of journal articles, books, and legal documents, this research examines opportunities, challenges, and ethical implications of AI implementation in legal practice. Findings reveal AI's significant potential for enhancing judicial efficiency through task automation, improving accuracy via pattern recognition and data analysis, and increasing accessibility through digital legal services. However, critical challenges include algorithmic bias perpetuating systemic inequalities, transparency deficits in decision-making processes, accountability gaps in AI recommendations, and data protection concerns under Indonesia's Personal Data Protection Law. Ethical implications encompass fairness issues in justice delivery, potential reduction of human oversight, privacy risks from data collection, and social impacts on legal profession dynamics. This research provides original insights through comprehensive analysis tailored to Indonesian legal framework, integrating Justice Theory, Computational Ethics, Legal Subject Theory, and Regulatory Theory. The study concludes that responsible AI integration requires developing regulatory frameworks, enhancing transparency mechanisms, addressing algorithmic bias, protecting personal data, maintaining human oversight, and promoting stakeholder collaboration to ensure ethical AI deployment in Indonesia's judicial system.
Legal Protection of Patients in Clinical Teleconsultation Service Practice in Indonesia Erni Herdiani; M. Altef Dasril
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

The development of digital technology is growing rapidly, as well as in the world of health. At first, Telemedicine was limited to only among Health Service Facilities as a solution to the challenge of the limited number of specialist/subspecialist doctors at Remote Hospitals in the country. However, after the COVID-19 Pandemic struck, the development of Telemedicine grew rapidly. This needs serious attention, especially in the aspect of legal protection. If the status of the COVID-19 Pandemic is revoked, how will the Legal Arrangements for Clinical Teleconsultation services be? How is Patient Legal Protection in the Practice of Clinical Teleconsultation Services? Methods This research uses a normative juridical method with an inductive conclusion approach. The result is that the existing legal regulation of Clinical Teleconsultation is only limited to the pandemic period and has many things that need to be addressed in its implementation and supervision, especially in terms of protection of patient rights in compliance with the rules and legislation that apply. The government needs to start drafting detailed regulations right away to ensure that patients using clinical teleconsultation services are protected by the law. Especially related to licensing and supervision.
A Review of the Ethics and Legal Principles of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Student Learning in the Digital Era Jaka Tiwana Alfianda; Mustika Mega Wijaya
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This article discusses the ethical and legal implications of the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by students in the learning process in the digital era. The rapid development of AI technology, such as ChatGPT, Grammarly, and similar platforms, has changed the educational paradigm by providing ease of access to information and completion of assignments. However, this phenomenon also poses serious challenges, including potential violations of academic integrity, misuse of technology, risks to personal data protection, and the digital access gap. This study uses a normative juridical method with a conceptual and legislative approach to analyze the legal and ethical basis for the use of AI in educational settings. The results of the study indicate that the lack of regulations specifically governing the use of AI by students can create a normative vacuum and legal vulnerabilities. Therefore, the integration of digital ethics literacy into the curriculum, the development of data protection policies in educational institutions, and multi-stakeholder collaboration are needed to ensure that the use of AI aligns with the principles of legality, justice, child protection, benefit, and accountability in the national education system.
Regulatory Compliance of Indonesian Smart Contracts Irsyad Noeri; Salsa Nur Ramadhani Hermandasari
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This research aims to examine the regulatory compliance aspects of smart contracts within the Indonesian legal system using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The review focuses on how smart contracts are recognized and regulated within Indonesia’s legal framework, the challenges related to consumer protection, their compatibility with traditional contract principles, and comparisons with international regulatory standards. From a total of 158 relevant studies, 50 articles were selected based on multi-layered search strategies, citation chaining, and relevance scoring. The findings reveal that while Indonesia has established a normative legal basis for recognizing electronic contracts, significant gaps persist in enforcement, legal clarity, and consumer protection. The implications of this review highlight the need for regulatory reform, the standardization of legal frameworks, and the integration of interdisciplinary approaches to secure the application of smart contracts within Indonesia’s growing digital economy.
Law and Ethics in The Use of Information Technology: A Study on Privacy and Data Security Muhammad Abdurrohman Sholih; Rika Santina
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This paper critically analyzes Indonesia's legal and ethical framework for privacy and data security amid rapid digital transformation, using a juridical-normative approach and case studies to evaluate the effectiveness of Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) in addressing contemporary challenges. The research addresses a significant paradox where Indonesia's accelerating digital economic growth and high internet penetration contrast sharply with escalating cyber threats reported by the National Cyber and Encryption Agency (BSSN) and increasing large-scale data breach incidents causing public concern. The central research question examines: To what extent is the PDP Law effective in protecting citizens' privacy and data security in Indonesia's digital transformation era, and what are the key legal, technical, and ethical challenges that hinder its optimal implementation? The analysis examines key PDP Law provisions, comparing them with the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as a global benchmark, while presenting case studies of major data breaches at Tokopedia (2020), BPJS Kesehatan (2021), and the General Elections Commission (2023) to illustrate gaps between regulatory frameworks and practical implementation. The discussion extends to complex ethical dilemmas including state digital surveillance and AI-driven personal data analysis threatening citizens' privacy rights. Findings reveal that while the PDP Law establishes a strong legal foundation and represents a significant milestone, its effectiveness remains limited by weak enforcement, institutional cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and unresolved ethical issues, leading to strategic recommendations for government, organizations, and the public to collectively build a comprehensive, adaptive, and sustainable national data protection ecosystem for future digital challenges.
Building A Legal And Ethical Framework For Responsible Artificial Intelligence Muhammad Soffa Marwa; Agustin Leni Magdalen Rohi Riwu
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the urgency of developing a comprehensive legal and ethical framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indonesia. Alongside the rapid adoption of AI in which is projected to contribute significantly to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), there also emerge fundamental risks such as algorithmic bias, disinformation, privacy violations, and misuse for criminal purposes. The analysis reveals a significant gap between the pace of technological innovation and the maturity of national regulations. Existing instruments, such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law) and the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law), have proven inadequate in addressing the specific challenges posed by AI. Meanwhile, existing ethical guidelines, such as Circular Letter (SE) of the Minister of Communication and Information Technology (Menkominfo) Number 9 of 2023, remain soft regulations without legally binding force. By conducting a comparative analysis of international frameworks, particularly the EU AI Act, this paper recommends adopting a risk-based approach as the foundation for AI policy in Indonesia. The main conclusion emphasizes the need to transition from reactive and fragmented regulation to a legal framework that is anticipatory, coherent, and binding (hard law), supported by the establishment of an independent oversight body and strong multi-stakeholder governance to ensure responsible AI utilization aligned with national values
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Legal Profession Meni Apriani; Joemarthine Chandra; Nabila Aliya Rahmah Vansya
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

The world is currently in the era of artificial intelligence, which is impacting various aspects of life, from technology and economics to health, education, and society as a whole. The power of AI is not only affecting all aspects of society but also the legal field. AI has significant legal implications for global society, and the Indonesian legal system currently lacks clear regulations on artificial intelligence, particularly in the context of its use by the legal profession in Indonesia. This can pose a risk of errors or bias in analysis, which could significantly impact the legal profession. Therefore, to anticipate the various potential threats arising from the lack of regulations regarding artificial intelligence, strict regulations are needed regarding the use of artificial intelligence related to the legal profession to ensure legal certainty. These regulations are intended to ensure that the use of AI in the legal profession is carried out responsibly and ethically based on the principles of justice, benefit, and legal certainty.
The Indonesian Legal Paradigm: Between Pancasila Ideology and the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology Mohammad Saifuddin; Theresia Emilia B. Da Cunha
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

This article explores the intersection of Indonesia's fundamental philosophy, Pancasila, with the ethical and legal challenges posed by the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology. The development of AI is increasingly impacting various sectors of life, its integration raising critical concerns about regulations, human rights, social justice, and national values and identities. This study examines how Pancasila's values of divinity, humanity, national unity, democracy, and social justice can serve as normative guidelines in shaping an AI governance framework in Indonesia. By analysing the current legal infrastructure and identifying ethical gaps in AI applications, this paper proposes a contextual legal paradigm that aligns technological innovation with the moral and cultural principles enshrined in Pancasila. These findings suggest that a Pancasila-based legal approach can provide an ethical foundation in line with the goals of a nation grounded in national culture for the responsible development of AI in Indonesia.
Legal Protection for Public Accountants in Safeguarding Independence and Objectivity in Financial Statement Audits M saleh; Suparnyo
Journal of Law, Society and Living Norms Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : CV. Norma Global

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Abstract

Public accountants occupy a strategic position in safeguarding the integrity of financial statements, which constitute a critical foundation for economic decision-making by diverse stakeholders. In fulfilling their professional responsibilities, public accountants are expected to consistently uphold the principles of independence and objectivity. However, client pressure, conflicts of interest, and external interference frequently pose significant threats to auditor professionalism and ethical integrity. Accordingly, robust legal protections are essential to ensure that public accountants can perform their duties independently and objectively, free from coercion or undue influence that may compromise ethical standards. This paper seeks to examine the existing legal frameworks that provide protection for public accountants in Indonesia, encompassing statutory regulations, professional codes of ethics, and relevant jurisprudence. Employing a normative juridical research approach, the study emphasizes the critical role of regulatory strengthening and legal enforcement in promoting accountability and integrity within the public accounting profession. The findings indicate that, despite the presence of a legal framework governing the profession, gaps remain in its implementation and in providing substantive protection for auditor independence. In response, this paper offers strategic recommendations aimed at reinforcing legal safeguards and ethical standards within the practice of financial auditing.

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