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Muhammad Rizaldi Trias Jaya Putra Nurdin
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation
Published by Universitas Sulawesi Barat
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30475392     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31605/ijec
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation is a journal published in 2024 by the Center for Ecology, Conservation, and Ethnobiology Studies at the Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Indonesia. The establishment of this journal is driven by the importance of recognizing the diversity of flora and fauna in Indonesia, particularly on the island of Sulawesi. The geographical uniqueness of this island, separated from the continents of Asia and Australia, has allowed for the evolution of different species and is a primary cause of its biodiversity richness. This aspect is certainly attractive for research by various groups, and the Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation serves as an appropriate platform for accessing and publishing research findings in the fields of ecology, conservation, molecular, systematic, and evolutionary studies
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ekologi
Articles 50 Documents
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In Vitro Conservation and Metabolite Profiling of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.): Hormonal Effects on Callus and Volatile Oil Preservation Amboupe, Dewi Sartika; Sa’diyah, Jamilatus; Anggita, Sri Ayu
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 2 No 1 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i1.6359

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a significant tropical bioresource known for its essential oil, which possesses high ethnobiological and economic value but cannot yet be synthetically produced. This study aims to establish an in vitro conservation framework and evaluate the preservation of secondary metabolites (volatile oil) within callus cultures. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with various combinations of 2,4-D and BAP: 1 ppm BAP (W1), 1 ppm BAP + 1 ppm 2,4-D (W2), 1 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D (W3), 2 ppm BAP + 1 ppm 2,4-D (W4), and 2 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D (W5). The results indicated that W1 (1 ppm BAP without 2,4-D) was the most effective treatment for sustainable biomass production, achieving a 75% growth rate, the fastest induction time (6 days), and the highest fresh weight (0.1364 g). Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) profiling confirmed that the in vitro callus successfully preserved volatile oil components identical to the mother plant, as evidenced by purple spots at Rf values of 0.75 and 0.95. Although alkaloids and flavonoids were not detected due to the cellular dedifferentiation phase, the consistent presence of volatile oils demonstrates the potential of in vitro systems for the conservation and sustainable management of tropical aromatic plant metabolites.
Studi Taksonomi Pogostemon spp. (Lamiaceae) Asal Pulau Sulawesi: Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Dokumentasi Biodiversitas Amboupe, Dewi Sartika; Sa’diyah, Jamilatus
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 2 No 1 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i1.6360

Abstract

Sulawesi Island is a key area of the Wallacea region, known for its high level of plant endemism, including the genus Pogostemon. A comprehensive taxonomic study is essential to document the biodiversity and provide accurate identification for tropical resource management. This study aims to examine the taxonomic characters of Pogostemon spp. collected from Sulawesi and deposited at Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). Using a descriptive method based on morphological characteristics of 13 collection numbers, the study analyzed vegetative and reproductive structures. The results identified two distinct species: Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. and Pogostemon auricularius Hassk. These species are clearly distinguished by the shape of the leaf blade, calyx structure, and the type of indumentum present on the stem, leaf, and flower surfaces. This taxonomic study contributes to the baseline data of Lamiaceae in Sulawesi, supporting further research in plant ecology and conservation of tropical flora
Bat community composition and habitat-associated niche differentiation in a tropical island ecosystem of Wakatobi, Indonesia Jimi Purnama Putra S; Lestari Febriant Pitaloka; La Ode Muhammad Erif; Adi Karya
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v3i1.6363

Abstract

Bats (Chiroptera) play important ecological roles in tropical island ecosystems, yet information on their community structure in small island systems remains limited. This study aims to analyze species composition, abundance, and habitat associations of bat communities in Wakatobi. Field surveys were conducted in September 2023 across three islands (Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, and Tomia) using a combination of mist nets and roost observations. A total of 10 sampling points were established, consisting of 5 cave sites, 3 mangrove sites, and 2 terrestrial vegetation sites, with one mist net deployed at each point. Data were analyzed using diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener and Simpson), descriptive abundance analysis, and multivariate approaches including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and PERMANOVA. A total of 1,604 individuals representing five species from three genera (Pteropus, Rousettus, and Hipposideros) were recorded. The community was strongly dominated by frugivorous bats, particularly Pteropus pumilus (84.47%), which was primarily associated with mangrove and terrestrial vegetation habitats. In contrast, cave habitats were dominated by insectivorous species such as Hipposideros galeritus. Diversity indices indicated low species diversity but high dominance, especially in mangrove habitats. PCA results revealed a clear ecological gradient separating vegetation and cave habitats, with the first two components explaining 100% of total variation (Dim1 = 71.7%; Dim2 = 28.3%). These findings demonstrate strong habitat-driven community structuring and niche differentiation among bat species. This study represents the first assessment of bat community structure in Wakatobi using a PCA-based multivariate approach, providing new insights into habitat–species relationships in small island ecosystems. The results highlight the importance of conserving mangrove and cave habitats as complementary systems supporting bat diversity and ecosystem functions.
Ecophysiological Adaptation and Leaf Micromorphology of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Supporting Plant Resilience within Tropical Ecosystems Adinda Nurfatimah Azzahra; Dewi Sartika Amboupe
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i2.6373

Abstract

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a pioneer species in tropical ecosystem succession, known for its ability to persist under various environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the internal leaf architecture of Noni to elucidate its ecophysiological adaptation strategies. Leaf samples were collected from multiple individuals and examined using transparent nail polish impression techniques and microscopic observations. The analysis focused on epidermal characteristics, stomatal density, and mesophyll organization. Quantitative results showed that stomata were exclusively distributed on the abaxial surface, confirming a hypostomatic pattern, with a mean stomatal density of 245 ± 32 stomata/mm². The stomata were identified as anomocytic type. Epidermal observations revealed the presence of non-glandular trichomes, suggesting a primarily physical protective function. Anatomically, the mesophyll exhibited a dorsiventral structure, with a two-layered palisade tissue contributing approximately 45.8% of total mesophyll thickness, indicating adaptation to high light intensity. The spongy tissue with large ellular spaces facilitates efficient gas exchange. Overall, these findings indicate that the leaf anatomical traits of M. citrifolia reflect potential structural adaptations to environmental conditions such as high irradiance and water limitation. However, further comparative and physiological studies are required to confirm the ecological significance of these traits in enhancing plant resilience across diverse habitats
Integrating Liquid Probiotics into Sustainable Poultry Systems to Enhance Egg Protein Content in Gallus sp. Nurul Magfirah Sukri; Eddy Soekendarsi; Zaraswati Dwyana; Herlina Rante
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Tropical Ecology and Biodiversity
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v2i2.6381

Abstract

The sustainability of livestock ecosystems increasingly depends on improving feed conversion efficiency and reducing reliance on synthetic chemical additives. Probiotics offer a biological alternative to enhance poultry productivity while maintaining ecological balance. This study aims to evaluate the enhancement of egg protein content in laying hens (Gallus sp.) through the integration of liquid probiotics into sustainable poultry systems. The research followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: control (M0), liquid probiotic culture (M1), and commercial probiotic (M2). Egg protein content was analyzed using the Kjeldahl method, involving digestion, distillation, and titration to determine total nitrogen levels, which were converted into crude protein percentages. The findings indicate that while liquid probiotic integration showed a positive trend in enhancing egg protein levels, the statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (P>0.05) among treatments. The liquid probiotic culture (M1) yielded the highest mean protein content at 11.26 ± 1.361 mg/g, compared to the control group (10.5 ± 1.371 mg/g). This numerical improvement suggests that probiotics support gut microflora health, potentially aiding nitrogen metabolism efficiency. Although not statistically significant in this trial, the implementation of probiotics in sustainable livestock systems supports ecosystem conservation by providing a chemical-free alternative for poultry management and promoting long-term biological resilience
Distribution and Abundance of Eel Larvae (Anguilla spp.) in the Coastal Waters of Malunda, West Sulawesi Tenriware; Muhammad Nur; Firmansyah Bin Abd Jabbar; Husniah; Ady Jufri
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Flora and Fauna Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v1i1.3710

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the abundance of eel larvae in the coastal waters of Malunda, West Sulawesi Province. Sampling of eel larvae was conducted in the coastal waters of Malunda, West Sulawesi. A hand scoop net (seser) with a mesh size of 1 mm was used as the sampling gear. Sampling activities were carried out once a month at night during the new moon phase. The captured samples were placed in buckets containing river water equipped with an aerator and then transported alive to the Integrated Laboratory of Universitas Sulawesi Barat for identification and measurement of body length and weight. Water quality parameters, including salinity, pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids (TDS), were measured during each sampling event. Species identification was conducted using the Anal–Dorsal Vertebrae (ADV) key character method by counting the number of anodorsal vertebrae and measuring the anodorsal length. The results showed that the eel larvae found in the coastal waters of Malunda consisted of a single species, Anguilla marmorata. The specimens obtained had an anodorsal vertebrae count ranging from 14 to 18. The highest abundance of eel larvae was recorded in August. The environmental conditions of the Malunda coastal waters are still considered suitable for the survival and optimal growth of eel populations
Effects of Herbicide Application on the Soil Seed Bank in the Bekol Savanna of Baluran National Park Nurmuliayanti Muis; Titiek Setyawati; Soekisman Tjitrosoedirjo; Y. M. Diah Ratnadewi
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Flora and Fauna Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v1i1.3712

Abstract

The dominance of broadleaf weeds after A. nilotica control resulted in a decrease in the dominance of grass species in the savanna area of Bekol BNP. Herbicide application for controlling broadleaf weeds is an effective and efficient method. However, the impact of herbicide use on seed storage in the soil is unknown, while seed storage plays an important role in the sustainability of vegetation. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with three factors: soil depth, type of herbicide, herbicide concentration, and a control (without herbicide application). The effect of herbicide application on seed germination was analyzed using ANOVA. The results of this study indicated that the application of herbicides had no significant effect on seed germination in the soil (P > 0.05). Therefore, the use of triclopyr and fluroxypyr herbicides could be considered as one of the measures for controlling broadleaf weeds in the savanna area of BNP.
Forest Bird Diversity in Four Buffer Villages of Gandang Dewata National Park, Mamasa Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia Yusuf Yulianto; Nurhidayah; Muh Rizaldi Trias Jaya P Nurdin; Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto Putera
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Flora and Fauna Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v1i1.3713

Abstract

A study on the diversity of forest birds in four villages serving as buffer zones of Gandang Dewata National Park has been conducted. This research aimed to determine the level of forest bird species diversity in these four villages. The study was carried out in four villages, namely Taupe Village, Tondok Bakaru Village, Mambulling Village, and Rambusaratu Village. The point count method was used to collect bird observation data. Data analysis included the Shannon diversity index, abundance index, dominance index, evenness index, species richness index, and species similarity index. The results showed that a total of 27 species of forest birds were recorded across the four villages. The number of individuals recorded in each village was as follows: Taupe Village (Station 1) with 7 species and 41 individuals, Tondok Bakaru Village (Station 2) with 11 species and 92 individuals, Mambulling Village (Station 3) with 12 species and 88 individuals, and Rambusaratu Village (Station 4) with 9 species and 211 individuals.
Dragonfly Species Diversity in Lembang Mokallang Village, Mamasa Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia Hadris; Andi Dewi Rizka Ainulia Makerra; Muh Anas
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Flora and Fauna Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v1i1.3714

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the diversity index of dragonfly species. Observations were conducted using the capture–recapture method, which involved capturing dragonflies, marking them, and releasing them back into their habitat. The recording of each dragonfly species was carried out using an exploration method by surveying specific areas and recording and counting the number of individuals of each species encountered. The study was conducted in August 2023 at three research stations. Data analysis was performed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H’). The data were analyzed using the PAST (Paleontological Statistics) application. The results showed that a total of 11 species with 539 individuals belonging to four families were recorded. The most abundant species was Pantala flavescens, with 113 individuals. The diversity index values were H’ = 1.993 at Station I, H’ = 1.739 at Station II, and H’ = 1.937 at Station III. Overall, the dragonfly diversity index at each station in Lembang Mokallang Village, Mamasa Regency, was categorized as moderate diversity
Distribution and Diversity Inventory of Bird Species in the Campus Area of Universitas Sulawesi Barat and Its Surroundings Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto Putera; Isdaryanti
Indonesian Journal of Ecology and Conservation Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Flora and Fauna Conservation
Publisher : Center for Ecology, Conservation and Ethnobiology Studies, Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/ijec.v1i1.3715

Abstract

This study elucidates the diversity of birds at the campus of Universitas Sulawesi Barat, a region that is part of the Wallacea ecosystem, which is renowned for its high biodiversity. The research involved an inventory of 22 bird species belonging to 17 families, with a total of 180 individuals recorded. Among the observed species, seven were distributed across various habitat types, while 13 others were found in habitats less influenced by human activities, such as grasslands, shrubs, and trees. Interestingly, two species, Perkutut Jawa and Kacamata Sulawesi, were exclusively found in habitats frequently affected by human activities, such as settlements and plantations. The study also revealed that approximately 27.27% of the 22 recorded bird species are Sulawesi endemic species, while 72.73% are non-endemic species. These findings provide important insights into the composition and distribution of birds in the study area and have significant implications for conservation efforts. Protecting natural habitats, especially those supporting endemic species, should be a priority. In addition, a better understanding of how birds interact with human-modified habitats is necessary to develop effective conservation strategies. Further studies on specific species may also be required in environments that are increasingly fragmented by human activities. Advancing knowledge in ornithology is essential for preserving bird diversity in the Wallacea region.

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