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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Optimization Strategies for Energy Management Systems of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Strategi Optimasi Sistem Manajemen Energi pada Kendaraan Udara Nirawak Bertenaga Surya Javokhir Narimanov; Nuriddin Abdujabarov
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10638

Abstract

General Background: The rapid advancements in solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have increased interest in optimizing their energy management systems (EMS) to enhance performance and flight endurance. Specific Background: Effective EMS in solar UAVs requires advanced strategies for solar energy harvesting, energy storage, and power distribution to maximize operational efficiency under varying environmental conditions. Knowledge Gap: Despite recent progress, challenges remain in energy conversion efficiency, battery storage capacity, and the integration of intelligent predictive control mechanisms, limiting the UAVs’ ability to operate autonomously for extended periods. Aims: This review investigates current EMS optimization strategies for solar-powered UAVs, emphasizing multi-objective optimization techniques, energy management algorithms, and the impact of environmental conditions on UAV performance. It also explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in improving EMS efficiency. Results: Studies highlight that multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGAs) effectively balance energy allocation between propulsion, battery storage, and payload, leading to significant endurance improvements. Fuzzy logic-based power management systems enhance energy efficiency by dynamically adjusting power distribution based on real-time UAV energy demands. Adaptive energy management strategies that integrate environmental and operational data improve flight times by up to 30% under extreme conditions. Novelty: This review synthesizes state-of-the-art EMS strategies, identifying key optimization techniques and emerging AI-driven solutions for adaptive and predictive energy management. By consolidating findings from diverse methodologies, it provides a comprehensive assessment of how intelligent control systems enhance UAV autonomy. Implications: The findings underscore the necessity of developing more efficient power conversion technologies, advanced battery storage solutions, and AI-based EMS frameworks to enable long-duration UAV operations. Future research should focus on refining these technologies to improve UAV performance in energy-intensive applications such as surveillance, environmental monitoring, and disaster response. Highlights: Optimization: MOGAs and fuzzy logic improve energy efficiency and endurance. Adaptation: Real-time power adjustments enhance UAV performance in harsh conditions. AI Integration: Machine learning enables predictive, autonomous energy management. Keywords: Solar-powered UAVs, Energy Management Systems, Optimization Algorithms, Adaptive Control, Artificial Intelligence
The Role of Advertising In Hotel Industry: Peran Periklanan Dalam Industri Perhotelan Bekzodjon Oblakulov; Sardor Kuvandikov
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10647

Abstract

General Background: The hospitality industry significantly contributes to the global economy, with hotels playing a crucial role in employment and revenue generation. However, maintaining a stable development and high occupancy rate in an increasingly competitive market remains a challenge. Specific Background: Marketing and advertising are essential tools for sustaining growth in the hotel industry. The rapid shift towards digitalization and changing consumer behaviors post-pandemic necessitate innovative marketing approaches to attract and retain customers. Knowledge Gap: While various studies have explored the role of marketing in hospitality, there is limited research on the effectiveness of emerging strategies such as AI-driven personalization, influencer collaborations, and user-generated content in hotel marketing. Aims: This study analyzes the significance of marketing and advertising in the development of the hotel industry and examines contemporary strategies that drive success in a post-pandemic landscape. Results: The findings highlight that SEO positioning, online advertising, influencer marketing, and AI-driven personalization are key factors in enhancing customer engagement, brand visibility, and revenue optimization. Furthermore, the study underscores the increasing importance of safety-focused marketing, user-generated content, and digital advertising in responding to evolving consumer preferences. Novelty: This research synthesizes existing knowledge while emphasizing the latest digital marketing trends and post-pandemic strategies that have not been widely examined in the context of hotel marketing. Implications: The study suggests that hotel businesses must adopt innovative marketing techniques to remain competitive in a digitalized and consumer-driven market. Given the reliance on secondary data, future research should incorporate primary data sources, such as surveys and case studies of specific hotel chains, to provide a more detailed understanding of marketing effectiveness across different regions and economic contexts. Highlights: Digital Marketing – SEO, influencers, and AI boost hotel visibility. Post-Pandemic Trends – Safety, UGC, and personalization drive bookings. Future Research – Case studies needed for deeper marketing insights. Keywords: Hotel industry, marketing strategies, digital advertising, consumer engagement, post-pandemic trends
Digital Currencies Reshaping Cross-Border Trade: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Frameworks: Mata Uang Digital Membentuk Kembali Perdagangan Lintas Batas: Peluang, Tantangan, dan Kerangka Kerja Strategis Gabriel Ayodeji Ogunmola
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10656

Abstract

Digital currencies have merged with the international trade, creating a paradigm shift towards or even complete change in cross border transactions dynamics. In this extensive research study, the complex relation between digital currencies and international trade are explored, for the opportunities are as plentiful as the obstacles. I have included a comprehensive analysis of empirical evidences and case studies to demonstrate how digital currencies can positively affect cross border transactions. Consequently, the findings specifically point out the advantages of enabling enhanced efficiency, achieving cost reduction, facilitation of financial inclusion, and transparency and traceability in trade brought about by digital currencies. However, troublesome regulatory intricacies, apprehensions of security, potential system switching, adverse implications for the stability of the economy and the financial system and the volatility of exchange rates present substantial hurdles. For this reason, this piece of research highlights the need to develop synergistic regulatory frameworks, apposite risk management methods, and proactive actions to handle the acerbic nature of digital currencies in the party of global trade. We propose a fundamental framework for understanding and solving the emerging problems and opportunities in the area in the global commerce, as a result of the ongoing digital currency revolution. Highlights: Digital currencies reshape international trade, enhancing efficiency and reducing costs. Regulatory challenges, security risks, and volatility hinder seamless global adoption. A strategic framework is needed for risk management and regulatory synergy. Keywords: Digital Currency, International Trade, Cryptocurrencies, Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC), Cross-Border Transactions
Foreign Trade Regulation in the Digital Economy: Challenges and Opportunities and Future Trends: Regulasi Perdagangan Luar Negeri dalam Ekonomi Digital: Tantangan dan Peluang serta Tren Masa Depan Norkobilov Akobir
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10657

Abstract

The digital economy has transformed global trade by facilitating cross-border transactions of commodities, services, and data. Digital market expansion creates multiple regulatory barriers for foreign trade because it generates privacy issues with data and cybersecurity risks along with protectionist approaches that demand global standards. The absence of global consensus together with national policies that differ from each other prevent the establishment of digital commerce norms. The digital economy presents multiple possibilities for growth which let small businesses take part in e-commerce platforms and enable blockchain technology along with smart contracts to innovate the industry. The combination of international digital trade agreements complemented by emerging technological developments solves regulatory gaps which then helps companies conduct international deals and creates a more accessible international market. The research analyzes digital economy foreign trade regulation problems alongside opportunities to emphasize the requirement of flexible technology-agnostic regulatory approaches merging innovative measures with trade fairness and security standards. Highlights: Digital economy transforms global trade, creating regulatory barriers and privacy issues. National policies differ, hindering digital commerce norms and global consensus. Technology and international agreements solve regulatory gaps, enabling accessible international markets. Keywords: Digital economy, foreign trade regulation, digital trade, trade barriers, e-commerce, cross-border data flow, digital services, digital transformation, data privacy
The Procedure for Maintaining Accounting Records in Trade Enterprises Based on International Standards: Prosedur Pemeliharaan Catatan Akuntansi di Perusahaan Perdagangan Berdasarkan Standar Internasional Uzakov Utkir Abdusattarovich
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10659

Abstract

General Background: Accounting plays a crucial role in business operations by ensuring accurate financial reporting and transparency. The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) has become essential for global trade enterprises to maintain consistency, comparability, and reliability in financial statements. Specific Background: Trade businesses face challenges in financial reporting, including compliance with international regulations, efficient data management, and technological adaptation. IFRS provides a standardized framework to enhance financial reporting quality, improve investment prospects, and support decision-making. Knowledge Gap: Despite the widespread adoption of IFRS, gaps remain in understanding the practical implementation of international standards in trade enterprises, particularly regarding accounting policies, automation, and personnel training. Aims: This study analyzes the role of IFRS in trade business accounting, examines key elements such as financial statement preparation, auditing, and technology integration, and identifies challenges and solutions in compliance with global standards. Results: Findings indicate that IFRS adoption enhances financial transparency, improves internal financial discipline, and strengthens businesses' competitiveness in international markets. The integration of modern accounting technologies and training programs significantly improves compliance efficiency. Novelty: This study provides a structured approach to implementing IFRS in trade businesses, highlighting the synergy between regulatory compliance, technological advancement, and personnel expertise. Implications: The adoption of IFRS fosters financial stability, attracts investment, and supports trade enterprises in global market expansion. Policymakers and business leaders should prioritize regulatory adherence, automation, and workforce development to optimize financial reporting processes. Highlights: Importance of IFRS in Business Accounting Technology & Tools for Accurate Financial Reporting Enhancing Global Competitiveness Through Standardized Accounting Keywords: financial reports, International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Joint-stock companies, revenue and expenses.
Factors Affecting the Increase of Professional Skills of Vocational Education Graduates: Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Peningkatan Keterampilan Profesional Lulusan Pendidikan Vokasi Odilova Feruza Odilovna
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10662

Abstract

General Background: Vocational education plays a crucial role in workforce development by equipping graduates with the necessary skills for employment. However, ensuring that vocational training aligns with labor market demands remains a global challenge. Specific Background: In Uzbekistan, ongoing leadership reforms aim to bridge the gap between vocational education and industry needs. Despite these efforts, structural disconnects persist, affecting graduates' employability and professional development. Knowledge Gap: Existing research lacks comprehensive insights into the specific factors that influence the professional skill progression of vocational graduates in Uzbekistan. There is also limited empirical analysis on how labor market structures and educational frameworks interact to shape employment outcomes. Aims: This study analyzes the factors affecting vocational education graduates’ skill development and their transition into the workforce. By employing a systematic analytical approach, the research evaluates the effectiveness of vocational training institutions, labor market readiness, and socio-economic mechanisms that regulate employment. Results: Findings indicate that while vocational education centers successfully develop workforce readiness, their curricula do not sufficiently align with industry needs, limiting employment optimization. Financial constraints, restricted access to skill development programs, and inadequate career counseling were identified as major barriers. Additionally, job availability and entrepreneurial opportunities vary significantly across geographical regions. Novelty: This study integrates statistical data analysis, sociological surveys, and economic modeling to provide a multidimensional perspective on vocational training effectiveness. The use of data triangulation enhances the reliability of findings, offering a nuanced understanding of employment trends, skill shortages, and market-driven educational improvements. Implications: Strengthening educational-industrial collaborations, enhancing career guidance services, and implementing entrepreneurial development programs can significantly improve graduate employability. Policymakers should consider these insights to formulate targeted vocational training reforms that address industry demands and labor market dynamics effectively. Highlights: Vocational education misalignment with labor market needs. kill gaps, financial barriers, and uneven job opportunities. Strengthen industry collaboration, career counseling, and entrepreneurial programs. Keywords: graduates of vocational education, professional abilities, employment, working conditions, new jobs.
Pragmatics Study of Speech Act of Apology Between Men and Women: Comparative Study: Kajian Pragmatik Tindak Tutur Permintaan Maaf Antara Pria dan Wanita: Studi Komparatif Nihad Kareem Rahi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10673

Abstract

General Background: Apology strategies are essential in communication, influencing interpersonal relationships and social interactions. Understanding how men and women employ these strategies differently can provide insights into gender-based linguistic variations. Specific Background: Olshtain and Cohen (1983) identified five categories of apologetic techniques: Apology, Repair Offer, Account Explanation, Acceptance of Responsibility, and Forbearance Promise. While previous studies have explored apology strategies, limited research has examined their application in real-life contexts, particularly in Padang. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive research on gender and language, there remains a lack of empirical studies comparing the specific techniques men and women use when apologizing and how these choices are shaped by social and cultural factors. Aims: This study aims to analyze the similarities and differences in the apology strategies of men and women, identifying patterns in their linguistic choices and behavioral tendencies. Results: Findings reveal that both genders employ all five apology strategies, with direct apologies being the most commonly used and forbearance promises being the least. Men favor explanation-based apologies, while women prefer offering repair. These differences stem from distinct communication styles—women emphasize emotions and solidarity, whereas men focus on logic and status. Novelty: Unlike prior studies, this research uses a purposive sampling method to analyze real-life expressions of regret in a natural setting. It highlights the impact of gendered communication styles on apology choices, offering new perspectives on pragmatic language use in social interactions. Implications: Understanding gender-based apology strategies can enhance cross-gender communication and reduce misunderstandings. These findings are valuable for interpersonal communication training, language teaching, and cross-cultural studies, contributing to the broader field of sociolinguistics and pragmatics. Highlights: Analyze gender differences in apology strategies. Women prefer repair offers; men favor explanations. Enhances cross-gender communication and sociolinguistic understanding. Keywords: men and women, apology, apology strategies, utterance.
Escherichia coli Triggers Intestinal Inflammation and Mucosal Damage Through Immune Activation: Escherichia coli Memicu Peradangan Usus dan Kerusakan Mukosa Melalui Aktivasi Kekebalan Tubuh Mohammed I. Hammood; Jawad N. K. Makassees
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10674

Abstract

General Background: The intestinal mucosa plays a crucial role in immune defense and homeostasis. Specific Background: Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection disrupts this balance, triggering immune responses and inflammation. Knowledge Gap: The detailed immune mechanisms underlying E. coli infection, including cytokine production and immune cell infiltration, remain poorly understood. Aims: This study investigates the immune responses, cytokine production, and mucosal damage induced by E. coli infection. Results: Using murine models and clinical samples, E. coli infection resulted in elevated cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), increased immune cell infiltration (neutrophils, macrophages, T cells), and mucosal damage, such as reduced villus height and increased crypt depth. Novelty: This research provides comprehensive insights into the immunological and histopathological consequences of E. coli infection, integrating cytokine analysis, immune profiling, and tissue damage assessment. Implications: The findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for preserving intestinal mucosal integrity and reducing systemic inflammation. Future studies should focus on exploring molecular mechanisms and developing interventions to mitigate the impact of E. coli infections. Highlights: E. coli disrupts intestinal mucosa, triggering immune responses and inflammation. Investigate immune responses, cytokine production, and mucosal damage due to E. coli. Elevated cytokines, immune cell infiltration, and mucosal damage highlight systemic inflammation. Keywords: E. coli, immunity, intestine
Cyber Attacks Undermine Audit Accuracy and Data Security in Banking: Serangan Siber Merusak Akurasi Audit dan Keamanan Data di Perbankan Omar Mohammed Arkad; Adel Muwaffaq Kazim; Omar Ali Hadi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10686

Abstract

General Background: The rise of digital financial systems has increased banking institutions' exposure to cyber threats, particularly security system breaches, posing risks to data integrity and audit operations. Specific Background: Iraqi commercial banks have experienced frequent cyber attacks on accounting information systems, raising concerns about audit accuracy, data manipulation, and access delays. However, research on these threats' direct consequences for auditing remains scarce. Knowledge Gap: Prior studies emphasize cybersecurity measures but overlook how cyber attacks disrupt audit processes, transparency, and efficiency. Aims: This study evaluates security breaches' effects on auditing, assesses data manipulation risks, examines delays in financial access, and explores cyber incident investigations' role in mitigating threats. Results: Findings reveal that hacking compromises audit accuracy, causes operational delays, and threatens financial security, emphasizing the need for advanced cybersecurity measures. Novelty: This study bridges cybersecurity and auditing, providing empirical evidence on cyber threats’ disruption of audit performance. Implications: Strengthening cybersecurity frameworks is essential for maintaining audit reliability and financial sector stability. Highlights: Cyber attacks compromise audit efficiency, data integrity, and financial security. Hacking, data manipulation, and delays weaken audit accuracy and transparency. Strengthening cybersecurity enhances audit reliability and banking sector stability. Keywords: Cybersecurity, Audit, Cyberattacks, Accounting Information Systems
Green Synthesis of Cadmium Nanoparticles Using Laurus nobilis for Dye Degradation: Sintesis Hijau Nanopartikel Kadmium Menggunakan Laurus nobilis untuk Degradasi Pewarna Rusul Sami Jabber; Zainab TYAl-Abdullah
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.10687

Abstract

General Background: Nanotechnology has gained significant attention for its potential applications in environmental remediation, particularly in the degradation of organic pollutants. Specific Background: Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts is a sustainable approach that reduces the need for hazardous chemicals. Knowledge Gap: However, the role of Laurus nobilis (bay laurel) in synthesizing cadmium nanoparticles (CdNPs) and their effectiveness in dye degradation remains underexplored. Aims: This study investigates the feasibility of synthesizing CdNPs using Laurus nobilis leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent and evaluates their potential in methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. Results: The formation of CdNPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, exhibiting a surface plasmon resonance peak at 435 nm, and SEM-EDX analysis revealed spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 61.36 nm and a cadmium composition of 87.57%. The synthesized CdNPs achieved a 60% degradation efficiency for MB dye under visible light exposure. Novelty: This work presents an eco-friendly, rapid, and simple method for synthesizing CdNPs using Laurus nobilis, highlighting the phytochemical-mediated nanoparticle stabilization. Implications: The findings demonstrate the potential of plant-based CdNPs for wastewater treatment applications, contributing to sustainable and green chemistry solutions for environmental pollution. Highlights: Green synthesis of cadmium nanoparticles using Laurus nobilis extract. Spherical CdNPs (61.36 nm) achieved 60% methylene blue degradation. Eco-friendly nanotechnology for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Keywords: cadmium nanoparticles, degradation, green synthesis, Laurus nobilis Leaves extract.

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