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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,563 Documents
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Women Lina A. Naser
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13984

Abstract

General Background: Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) in women represent a persistent clinical problem with substantial healthcare burden and frequent relapse episodes. Specific Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as an opportunistic uropathogen characterized by advanced molecular and cellular strategies, including quorum sensing, biofilm formation, virulence factor expression, and intracellular persistence within bladder epithelial cells. Knowledge Gap: Despite increasing recognition of its role, the precise mechanisms underlying persistence and recurrence, particularly host–pathogen interactions and immune dysregulation, remain incompletely understood. Aims: This narrative review aims to synthesize current evidence on the molecular and cellular pathways driving recurrent infections caused by P. aeruginosa in women. Results: The findings highlight interconnected mechanisms, including quorum sensing systems (Las, Rhl, Pqs), biofilm-mediated protection, secretion systems (Type III and VI), intracellular reservoirs, and altered innate immune responses involving Toll-like receptors and inflammasomes, alongside host-related factors such as hormonal and genetic influences. Novelty: This study integrates microbiological, immunological, and clinical perspectives into a unified framework explaining recurrence dynamics. Implications: Improved understanding of these mechanisms provides a foundation for identifying therapeutic targets and guiding the development of strategies to prevent recurrence and improve clinical management of rUTIs in women. Highlights:• Intracellular Bacterial Reservoirs Enable Persistence and Relapse After Apparent Clearance• Coordinated Signaling Systems Regulate Virulence Expression and Adaptive Survival Strategies• Host Immune Dysregulation and Hormonal Factors Contribute to Susceptibility in Female Patients Keywords: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections, Biofilm Formation, Quorum Sensing, Host Pathogen Interactions
Asia Cell Telecommunications Company Is Used as a Case Study to Examine How Advertising and Its Techniques Affect Customer Behavior Decisions. Abbas Jasim Mohammad
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13996

Abstract

General Background: In increasingly competitive markets, advertising serves as a core communication tool for connecting companies with consumers and shaping purchasing decisions. Specific Background: This study examines advertising practices within a telecommunications context, focusing on Asia Cell as a case study to analyze how advertising content, media, repetition, and credibility relate to consumer behavior. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive use of advertising, empirical understanding of how specific advertising components jointly relate to consumer decision-making in developing markets remains limited. Aims: This research aims to analyze the relationship between advertising elements and consumer behavior and to assess how these factors contribute to purchasing decisions among Iraqi consumers. Results: The findings reveal a statistically significant relationship between advertising and consumer behavior, with content showing the strongest association, followed by media, credibility, and repetition. Digital media, particularly social platforms, attracted the highest engagement, while repeated exposure reinforced brand recall. Credibility was also linked to post-purchase behavior and loyalty. Novelty: This study integrates multiple advertising dimensions into a unified analytical model applied to a real telecommunications case using quantitative methods. Implications: The results provide practical insights for optimizing advertising strategies, emphasizing targeted content, appropriate media selection, and balanced repetition to strengthen consumer engagement and purchasing decisions. Highlights:• Clear and creative messaging strongly associated with purchase intention• Social platforms generated highest audience engagement among channels• Trust in promotional messages linked to loyalty and post-buy actions Keywords: Advertising Content, Advertising Media, Consumer Behavior, Purchase Decision, Advertising Credibility
Review on Forensic Chemistry: Importance in Identify-ing Unidentified Bodies and Mass Graves and Missing Persons: Perancangan Model Pengembangan Pariwisata Perkotaan yang Berkelanjutan untuk Karbala didasarkan pada Aspek Sosial, Budaya, dan Keagamaan Kota Karbala Marwah A. Kadhim Al-Banaa; Baraa Kasim Mohammed
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13997

Abstract

General Background: Forensic chemistry plays a crucial role in criminal investigations by analyzing non-biological evidence and supporting identification processes. Specific Background: In cases involving mass graves and missing persons, forensic chemistry works alongside forensic anthropology to identify skeletal remains and reconstruct events. Knowledge Gap: Despite growing attention, there is limited integrated understanding of how forensic chemistry techniques support identification in complex mass grave contexts. Aims: This study reviews the role of forensic chemistry in identifying unknown bodies and analyzing mass grave evidence. Results: The findings highlight that forensic investigations rely on evidence collection, skeletal analysis, age estimation methods, and advanced imaging technologies to support identification processes. Novelty: The study integrates forensic chemistry principles with anthropological and technological approaches in the context of mass grave investigations. Implications: The results emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary approaches and technological advancements to support accurate identification and provide answers for affected families. Keywords: Forensic Chemistry, Mass Graves, Skeletal Identification, Forensic Anthropology, Crime Scene Analysis Key Findings Highlights Evidence collection procedures form the basis of identification processes Advanced imaging supports detailed skeletal examination Multidisciplinary collaboration strengthens investigative outcomes
The Impact of Professional Capital and its Role in Organizational Innovation at Private Banks Operating in Baghdad: Dampak Modal Profesional dan Perannya dalam Inovasi Organisasi di Bank Swasta yang Beroperasi di Baghdad Dheyaa Talib Mohammed
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13998

Abstract

General Background: Human capital and intellectual capital are widely recognized as key resources in organizational development and knowledge-based economies. Specific Background: Organizations increasingly rely on knowledge creation, social capital, and learning processes to support innovation activities. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive theoretical development, there is limited integration of different capital perspectives in explaining organizational innovation. Aims: This study examines the role of human capital, social capital, and organizational learning in shaping innovation processes. Results: The findings indicate that knowledge creation, employee competencies, and organizational learning mechanisms contribute to innovation development within firms. Novelty: The study integrates multiple theoretical perspectives, including knowledge-based theory and social capital theory, to provide a comprehensive understanding of innovation processes. Implications: The results highlight the importance of aligning human resource practices and knowledge management strategies to support sustainable innovation in organizations. Keywords: Human Capital, Organizational Innovation, Knowledge Management, Social Capital, Organizational Learning Key Findings Highlights Employee competencies support knowledge creation processes Learning mechanisms facilitate innovation development Social relationships strengthen collaborative knowledge exchange
Recovery and Purification of Used Lubricating Oil Through Solvent Extraction: Empirical Validation and Process Optimization Maha A Dawood
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14011

Abstract

General Background: Mismanagement of used lubricating oil represents a significant environmental and economic challenge due to the loss of valuable hydrocarbon resources and contamination risks to land and water systems. Specific Background: Solvent extraction technology has emerged as a promising recycling approach capable of removing contaminants and restoring physicochemical characteristics of degraded lubricating oil while supporting resource conservation strategies. Knowledge Gap: However, limited empirical validation combining solvent selection with operational parameter optimization and predictive modeling for oil recovery rate remains insufficiently addressed. Aims: This study evaluates solvent extraction performance using several solvent systems and optimizes key process parameters, including solvent-to-oil ratio, temperature, and pressure, while developing regression-based predictive models for oil recovery rate and impurity removal. Results: Findings indicate that a propane-based solvent mixture increased recovery rate and reduced secondary waste generation, with optimal operating conditions identified at a solvent-to-oil ratio of 4:1, temperature range of 180–220 °C, and pressure of 4–10 mbar; regression modeling demonstrated strong agreement between experimental and calculated values with accuracy of 94.98 and variance of 0.016. Novelty: The integration of comparative solvent evaluation with empirical least-squares regression modeling provides validated relationships linking solvent composition and operational variables to recovery performance. Implications: These outcomes support solvent extraction as a sustainable pathway for recycling used lubricating oil, enabling improved resource utilization while reducing environmental burdens associated with conventional disposal practices. Highlights: • Parameter Window 200 °C and 4–8 Mbar Produced Highest Distilled Volume• Regression Prediction Reached 94.98 Accuracy With 0.016 Variance• 4:1 Ratio Minimized Reagent Consumption While Maintaining Yield Keywords: Used Lubricating Oil Recovery, Solvent Extraction Process, Propane Solvent Mixture, Process Parameter Optimization, Oil Recovery Rate Modeling
Existential Anxiety, Freedom, and Authenticity: Rollo May's Reading of Annie Baker's Infinite Life Elaf Muther Muslim
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14013

Abstract

General Background: Existential psychology examines human anxiety, freedom, and authenticity as central aspects of lived experience. Specific Background: Annie Baker’s Infinite Life (2023) portrays five women enduring chronic illness while confronting psychological and existential struggles in a healthcare setting. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have discussed the play broadly but have not analyzed it through Rollo May’s existential concepts. Aims: This study analyzes the representation of existential anxiety, freedom, and authenticity in the play using Rollo May’s theoretical framework. Results: The findings show that the characters’ suffering reflects anxiety of nothingness, the burden of choice, and the pursuit of authentic existence despite physical limitations; anxiety is depicted not merely as negative but as a constructive force leading to self-awareness, responsibility, and meaning-making. Novelty: This study offers a focused existential-psychological reading of Infinite Life grounded specifically in May’s concepts, highlighting anxiety as a transformative element within contemporary drama. Implications: The analysis suggests that confronting existential anxiety enables individuals to move toward authenticity and responsible freedom, contributing to literary criticism and existential psychotherapy discourse. Highlights:• Anxiety is presented as a pathway toward self-awareness and meaning• Character struggles illustrate tension between choice and responsibility• Suffering functions as a route to genuine self-realization Keywords: Existential Anxiety, Authenticity, Freedom, Rollo May, Infinite Life
Inflation and Banking Liquidity Effects on GDP Growth in Russia Karimov Ibrohimbek Vohid Oglu; Saydullayev Azamat; Elbekov Beksultan Ikhtiyorjon Oglu; Ismailov Sardorbek Shukhratovich; Ilmuratov Kamoliddin Mukhiddin Oglu
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14014

Abstract

General Background: Economic growth is a central indicator of national performance, with inflation and banking liquidity recognized as key macroeconomic variables shaping monetary conditions and financial intermediation. Specific Background: In transition economies such as Russia, fluctuations in inflation and banking sector liquidity have been closely associated with variations in GDP growth over recent decades. Knowledge Gap: Prior studies have largely examined inflation and growth separately, while the combined relationship between inflation, banking liquidity, and economic growth remains underexplored, particularly in the Russian context. Aims: This study aims to empirically examine the relationship between inflation, banking sector liquidity, and GDP growth in Russia using annual data from 2000 to 2024. Results: The findings from OLS and robust regression indicate that inflation demonstrates a positive and statistically significant association with GDP growth, while banking liquidity shows a weaker but still statistically relevant relationship. Logarithmic transformations further improve model accuracy and reveal consistent patterns across specifications. Novelty: This study considers inflation and banking liquidity jointly as an interactive macroeconomic phenomenon and applies logarithmic transformations to address uncertainty and heteroscedasticity. Implications: The results suggest that maintaining controlled inflation is associated with sustained economic growth, while banking liquidity plays a complementary role in supporting financial stability and economic activity within monetary policy frameworks. Highlights: • Inflation exhibits a statistically significant positive relationship with GDP expansion• Banking sector liquidity shows a modest yet meaningful association with growth dynamics• Logarithmic model specification provides higher explanatory accuracy for macroeconomic relationships Keywords: Inflation, Banking Liquidity, GDP Growth, Monetary Policy, Transition Economies
Adaptation of Students to the Higher Education Environment and Personality Development Urayimova Muqaddam Komiljon Qizi
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14018

Abstract

General Background: Adaptation to the higher education environment represents a complex socio-psychological process shaping students’ academic and personal trajectories. Specific Background: This study analyzes students’ adaptation in relation to psychological conditions such as stress, anxiety, motivation, and self-esteem within academic and social contexts. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive discussions, the interrelationship between socio-psychological adaptation and personality development within higher education environments remains insufficiently integrated. Aims: The study aims to identify socio-psychological characteristics of student adaptation and examine their relationship with personality development. Results: Findings indicate that students with higher adaptation levels demonstrate better stress management, sustained motivation, and development of qualities such as independence, responsibility, social activity, communication culture, and self-awareness, with strong positive correlation between adaptation and personality development supported by empirical data. Novelty: The study provides an integrated analysis linking academic and social adaptation processes with psychological states and personality formation using combined theoretical and empirical approaches. Implications: The results offer a scientific basis for developing practical recommendations to support student adaptation, strengthen psychological stability, and optimize pedagogical interactions in higher education institutions, contributing to improved academic and personal outcomes. Highlights:• Strong Correlation Identified Between Adjustment Level and Individual Growth Traits• Psychological States Such as Anxiety and Motivation Linked With Adaptation Patterns• Social Support and Group Interaction Recognized as Key Developmental Drivers Keywords: Higher Education Environment, Student Adaptation, Personality Development, Socio-Psychological Adaptation, Psychological State
A Field Study For Designing An Integrated Framework To Enhance Information Security In The E-Management Environment Shuaib Mohammed Sharif Abdo; Asmaa Rasheid Hameed
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14019

Abstract

General Background: The expansion of digital transformation in governmental institutions has increased reliance on electronic management systems, making information security a strategic priority. Specific Background: Despite the adoption of global standards such as ISO 27001, NIST, COBIT, and Zero Trust, existing approaches often separate technical and administrative dimensions, limiting practical implementation in e-management environments. Knowledge Gap: There remains a lack of a unified framework integrating technological, governance, and human-cultural aspects tailored to institutional contexts. Aims: This study develops an integrated information security framework combining technical infrastructure, governance policies, training, and security culture using Design Science Research Methodology. Results: Empirical analysis using SEM-PLS shows that organizational maturity (β=0.67) and technical measures (β=0.59) are primary drivers, while policies and training (β=0.44) and security culture (β=0.18) play supporting and mediating roles, explaining 74% of variance. Implementation increased readiness index from 65.2 to 83.9 and reduced incidents by 31%. Novelty: The study proposes a holistic, empirically validated framework integrating technical, administrative, and cultural dimensions within a single architecture. Implications: The framework provides actionable guidance for policymakers to establish unified governance structures, strengthen security culture, and deploy adaptive mechanisms in electronic management systems. Highlights:• Holistic Model Integrates Governance Structures With Technological Safeguards and Human Factors• Empirical Evidence Explains Major Variance in System Protection Performance• Framework Application Shows Measurable Increase in Readiness and Reduced Incident Frequency Keywords: Information Security, E-Management, Cybersecurity Framework, Security Culture, Organizational Maturity
Immunological Profile of Postoperative Colorectal Cancer Patients: Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-12, , IL-4, and IFN-γ Murtada Wafi Beden
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14020

Abstract

General Background: Colorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy associated with complex immune responses that persist after surgical intervention. Specific Background: Cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4 regulate tumor immunity and reflect postoperative immunological status. Knowledge Gap: Limited data exist regarding the cytokine profile and immune balance in postoperative colorectal cancer patients, particularly in relation to inflammatory and regulatory responses. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-4 in postoperative colorectal cancer patients and characterize their immunological profile. Results: In a cross-sectional study of 67 patients, mean cytokine levels were TNF-α (137.64 ± 38.15 pg/mL), IFN-γ (30.47 ± 5.75 pg/mL), IL-12 (23.76 ± 12.07 pg/mL), and IL-4 (5.21 ± 2.07 pg/mL). Elevated TNF-α and IFN-γ indicated persistent pro-inflammatory and cell-mediated immune activation, while lower IL-4 levels suggested limited anti-inflammatory regulation. Significant correlations were observed between postoperative duration and TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-4, as well as a negative correlation between IL-12 and IFN-γ. Novelty: This study provides a defined cytokine pattern demonstrating Th1-dominant immune response in postoperative colorectal cancer patients. Implications: Cytokine profiling may serve as a valuable approach for immune monitoring and understanding postoperative immune dysregulation in colorectal cancer management. Highlights:• Elevated pro-inflammatory mediators indicate sustained immune activation after surgery• Reduced anti-inflammatory response reflects imbalance in immune regulation• Cytokine correlations reveal interaction between postoperative duration and immune markers Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Cytokine Profile, TNF-Alpha, Interferon Gamma, Interleukin-12

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