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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DALAM AIR SAWAH TERHADAP PENURUNAN BIOMASSA DAN PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAPAS (Gossypium sp) DAN JERAMI PADI (Oryza sativa L) Eni Yuspika; Munifatul Izzati; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Cellulose is a constituent component of plant cell walls. Cellulose is protected by lignin and hemicellulose, it is difficult to degrade so it is necessary to elaborate pretreatment component. Pretreatment is a crucial step to creation of lignocellulose-based bioethanol. Pretreatment serves to break up and remove lignin and damage to the crystalline structure of cellulose that makes unraveling cellulose into glucose. This study aims to determine the decrease in biomass and changes of anatomical structures on cotton and rice straw soaked in rice water. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Biological Structure and Function of Plant Biology UNDIP FSM. The design used was using T-test analysis and descriptive data with the two treatments are soaking in distilled water and water field. Parameters observed decrease of biomass and structure changes ( macroscopic and microscopic). The results showed soaking rice in water significantly affect biomass decreased as much as 27.5% cotton and rice straw as much as 31.36%. Changes in the anatomical structure of the cotton that damages both sides of the cell wall, the lumen crushed and partially soluble, while rice straw damage on one side of the cell wall and partially soluble cell contents.Key words: biomass, anatomical structure, cotton, rice straw, rice water
KEMAMPUAN ISOLAT BAKTERI PENGHASIL INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) DARI TANAH GAMBUT SAMPIT KALIMANTAN TENGAH Sofyan Fauzi Larosa; Endang Kusdiyantini; Budi Raharjo; Antonius Sarjiya
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 3 Juli 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Peat soil is present in many areas of Indonesia, one of them is in Sampit regency Central Kalimantan. Peat soil is a type of soil which has an extreme characteristic  of pH  around 3-5. However, it is presumed that there is bacteria that can produce growth hormones, such as  IAA. This study aimed to determine the ability of bacterial  isolated from peat garden and burned area in Sampit regency which could  produce IAA. Several tests were carried out including bacterial isolation, purification isolates, growth at different pH conditions, as well as IAA production with the addition of L-Tryptophan precursors with different concentrations. The  growth and concentration of IAA was measured  using spectrophotometry with wavelength 600 nm to 530 nm for growth and IAA, respectively. Results showed that  five isolates produced IAA, three isolates from peat garden area and two isolates from burned areas. All isolates showed the highest growth at pH 6, and the highest IAA production  at  43.311 ppm was produced by TGK6  isolate with the addition of 300 ppm L-Tryptophan. Keywords: Indole Acetic Acid, Peat Soil, ­L-Tryptophan
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KAPANG ENDOFIT DARI PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) URBAN) Nur Sabrina Hasyyati; Agung Suprihadi; Budi Raharjo; Kristiani Dwiatmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 April 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

        Endophytic mold live in colonies in healthy plant tissues without causing damage to the host plant. Various types of plants can be potentially as a source of endophytic mold isolates. Plants that are hosts for the mold endophyte one of them is gotu kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban). This study aimed to isolate and identify the molecular of endophytic molds from gotu kola. Isolation of endophytic mold through the stages namely stage surface sterilization and purification. Mold isolates obtained later in the identification of the molecular basis using ITS region. DNA amplification using the primers ITS ITS 4 and 5. Ribbon successfully amplified DNA with a size of 600 bp. The results of molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis based BLAST. The results of the analysis of BLAST showed similarities each - each isolates with species of mold on genebank known isolates BiogenCC M1 and BiogenCC M25 with Phoma sp., Isolate BiogenCC M6 with    Colletotrichum siamense, isolates BiogenCC M10 is Colletotrichum destructivum, isolates BiogenCC M15 and BiogenCC M28 with Mycoleptodiscus indiscus, and isolates BiogenCC BiogenCC M18 and M19 with Fusarium oxyporum. Keywords: Mold endophyte, Moleculer identification, ITS, Pegagan.
Kandungan Proksimat dan Daya Pengikatan Tepung Iles-Iles (Amorphophallus oncophylus) Terhadap Aflatoksin Sebagai Upaya Pencarian Bahan Pengikat Alternatif pada Pakan Sigit Hananto; Sri Pujiyanto; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 4 Oktober 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Aflatoxin  is  a  metabolite  secondary  of  Aspergillus  flavus  and  A.  Parasiticus. Contamination  aflatoxin in poultry have an impact on their liver damage. Technique to reduce the effects of aflatoksin can be done by addition of aflatoxin binder. Aflatoxin binder material commonly used still import as  glucomannan yeast product (GYP), so we needed study local material that has the potential  as a a  aflatoxin binder. The purposes is  test proximate content and the binding power of flour iles-iles compared  to GYP. Sample in research  is  flour  derived  from  bulbs  iles-iles  (Amorphophalus  oncophylus)  and  GYP  as control. The parameters in research that is the physical characteristics , proximate analysis , glukomannan levels and the ability of binding aflatoksin in vitro between flour iles-iles and GYP. The results of the physical test, the sample has delicate texture and gross energy flour iles-iles not significantly different with GYP. The results of proximate analysis ( the water level , ashes , crude fiber , crude protein and crude fat) show between flour iles-iles and GYP was significantly different, except crude fat that shown the result is no different (p<0,05) .The results of the analysis in the glukomannan levels of flour iles-iles is 52,74 % and GYP 17,36%. Testing the ability bind done with a solution of aflatoksin 2 ml (2.7 ng/ml) and materials binder used is 0  g; 0,0013 g; 0,0027 g and 0,0040 g. The research results show binding aflatoxin by flour iles-iles optimal in heavy 0,0013 g (92,92 %), while binding aflatoxin by GYP optimal in heavy 0,0040 g (87,71 %). The ability binding aflatoksin flour iles-iles in proportion to GYP so that can be used as a alternative binder in feed. Keyword: Iles-iles (Amorphophallus oncophylus), aflatoxin, Glucomannan 
KEMAMPUAN AKUMULASI TIMBAL (Pb) PADA AKAR MANGROVE JENIS Avicennia marina (Forsk.) DAN Rhizophora mucronata (Lamk.) DI LAHAN TAMBAK MANGUNHARJO SEMARANG Titi Wulandari; Rini Budi Hastuti; Endah Dwi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The waters in Mangunharjo are close to industrial activities and human settlements. The high activity in the Mangunharjo area, can flow a variety of waste that can cause pollution, one of which pollution Heavy Metal Pb. This study aims to analyze the ability of roots and leaves Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina in accumulating heavy metal pollutant Lead (Pb). The research was conducted in the pond area of Mangunharjo Subdistrict, Semarang. The design of this research using Randomized Completely Randomized Design 2x1: Factor I namely Type (Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata) at tree stage, Factor II that is root organ with two sampling within 30 days. The research parameters included Pb metal content on mangrove root, and Pb metal content in water and sediment. The result of this research can know the level of Pb metal in water and the environmental sediments of Avicennia marina are 0.36-0,9475 mg / l and 0,941-1,455 mg / kg, respectively. The concentration of Pb metal in water and sediment at the root of Rhizhophora mucronata was 0.175-0,243 mg / l, respectively. Types and Organs do not interact because of their significance of 0.732 (> 0.05). The ability of mangroves to absorb heavy metals in aquatic environments can be determined by calculating Bio Concentration Factors (BCF). BCF values for mangroves Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata ranged from 0.0566 to 0.1068, with the highest values at the root Rhizophora mucronata (0.2879-0.0638). Keywords: Accumulation, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Bio Concentration Factor, significance
INDEKS KUNING TELUR DAN NILAI HAUGH UNIT TELUR PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) SETELAH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.) Dian Tri Kusumastuti; Koen Praseno; Tyas Rini Saraswati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 1 No. 1 Oktober 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

This aim of this research was to analyze the effect of supplemented Curcuma longa L. powder to yolk index and haugh unit. A total number of 60 DOQ were distributed into 4 treatments. Each treatment use 3  quails and repeated 5 times. The control diet did not contains Curcuma longa L. powder (P0), the other diets were supplemented with 13,5 mg/quail/day (P1); 27 mg/quail/day (P2); 54 mg/quail/day (P2). The trial lasted for 60 days. The data were analyzed with anova (analysis of variants). Supplemented Curcuma longa L. powder had no effect on any parameters. The diets have not changes yolk index and haugh unit.Key words : Turmeric powder, quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.), yolk index, haugh unit.
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENDEGRADASI DIAZINON DARI TANAH SAWAH DI KABUPATEN BREBES Jebria Kwartaning Tyas; Agung Suprihadi; Budi Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 1 No. 1 Oktober 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

An intensification in agriculture often faces some threats due to the existance of plant interrupted organism  which often causes the decreasing of the harvest or even the failure of the harvest. The growth controlling of the Plant Interrupted Organism by using pesticide by most of the farmers has been considered as a solution that can save or protect the harvest from the attack of the Plant Interrupted Organism. The objective of this research is to get isolate and bacterial characteristic which able to degrade the diazinon. The main source of the microbes are taken from the soil sample in Brebes Regency, especially in Ketanggungan District, Wanasari District, Losari District, dan Larangan District. The research was conducted by isolation and screening for isolates followed by a characterization of bacterial isolates include morphological observations and biochemical tests. Isolates that have acquired resistance test of diazinon is then performed to determine the extent of the ability of bacteria to survive, and then to measure the growth curve and the final step is to test the degradation of diazinon by using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The medium which were used in isolation and screening process were Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) that had been added with diazinon 0,5 ppm and the final results obtained six isolates, there were JKB1, JKB2, JKB3, JKB4, JKB5 and JKB6. The result of resistance test showed that concentration of 90 ppm was the resistance limit of the six isolates, and the most resistance isolate was JKB3 which was shown with the greatest amount of the cells than other isolates. The growth curve was made by inoculating the isolates on MSM medium with 90 ppm diazinon, then it would get JKB5 isolate which has the highest adaptive ability. Diazinon degradation test was detected with HPLC in some varieties of incubation time, like 24, 24, and 72 hours. From this test we could get the JKB2 isolate and JKB1 isolate which had higher degradation ability than four isolates, due to a decrease in the concentration of diazinon on JKB2 at 76.27 ppm or 84.74%, followed by JKB1 70,05 ppm or 77.83%.
KARAKTERISASI MOLEKULER TANAMAN SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr) BERDASARKAN 18S rRNA Octavia Dewi Christiningrum; Anto Budiharjo; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens) is a traditional medicinal plant used by people as an antihyperglycemic drug, antihyperlipidemic and chemoprevention agents. Comprehensive information on this plant needs to be done, including DNA analysis, so it can complement morphological character of an organisms. This study aimed to molecularly characterize and determine the relationship between G. procumbens with other organisms using ribosomal 18S rRNA gene. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was used to amplify the 18S rRNA gene fragments G. procumbens. DNA sequences were analyzed using the BLAST program at the NCBI portal and construction of phylogenetic trees were tested using Bootstrap method 1000x. The results showed the 18S rRNA sequence of Gynura procumbens fragments was 1600 bp, and G. procumbens belonged in the family of Asteraceae.Key words : Gynura procumbens, PCR (Polymerase Chain Raction), 18S rRNA, Bootstrap method
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIUM PERENDAM TERHADAP MASA KESEGARAN BUNGA POTONG KRISAN (Chrysanthemum morifolium R.) Desi Arisanti; Erma Prihastanti; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Chrysanthemum morifolium is a cut flower with high economic value, however this flower has relatively short freshness period, thus it is necessary to use soaking solution by adding shredded basil leaves extract solution and carrageenan hydrogel material in it. Hydrogel serves as the water provider and energy substrate for respiration process of chrysanthemum. The basil leaves extract works as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. The soaking is done to extend the freshness period of the chrysanthemums. This study aims to describe the effect ofthe composition of basil leaves extract and carrageenan hydrogel material on soaking medium to the freshness period of chrysanthemum, also to study the microorganism growth on the soaking medium. This research uses Completely Randomize Design on factorial pattern with two factors. First, Hydrogel Concentration (H): without hydrogel, 500 ml of water (H0); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 400 ml of basil solvent (H1); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 500 ml of basil solvent (H2); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 600 ml of basil solvent (H3). Second, basil leaves extract (K): without basil leaves extract, without hydrogel (K0); 125 g/l of basil leaves extract (K1); 250 g/l of basil leaves extract (K2); 375 g/l of basil leaves extract (K3). This research uses 16 treatments 3 replications. The analysis is done by applying ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s test at the significance level of 95%. The research parameter includes the blooming flowers percentage, freshness period of spray chrysanthemum, and the condition of the soaking medium. The findings show that the composition of 400 ml of  250 g/l concentration of basil leaves extract, and 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel can extend the freshness period of chrysanthemum by 12.67 days, and prove that some microorganisms grow in the soaking medium. Keywords: spray chrysanthemums, soaking medium, basil leaves extract, carrageenan hydrogel, freshness period.
PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI RHIZOPHORA MUCRONATA PADA LUAS SALURAN TAMBAK WANAMINA YANG BERBEDA Hadyani M Hanifa; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Rini Budi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The mangrove forest is a natural resource that is vital to the life of coastal communities, and has experienced the threat of relegation very fast. Seedling growth is important in mangrove conservation in wanamina (silvofishery). This study aimed to examine the growth of mangrove seedlings R. mucronata on different wide of channel ponds. Planting mangrove seedlings carried on channel ponds wanamina (Silvofishery) with a 5 m of length and varies width, that is 1 m; 2 m and 3 m. This research used experimental method with Randomized Design (RBD) conducted for 4 months with the observation period once every two weeks. Mangrove growth was observed are the number of leaves, number of branches, seedling height and stem diameter. Data analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there was a tendency of better seedling growth in the outlet channel and the channel with 1 m width.  Key words: growth, mangrove, silvofishery, seedlings.

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