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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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Komposisi dan Kemelimpahan Fitoplankton di Telaga Menjer, Wonosobo. Dyah Ayu Kumalasari; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; Sapto Purnomo Putro
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 3 Juli 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Phytoplankton are the dominant primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, Phytoplankton are sensitive  to   environment  as  changes.  Therefore,  the  phytoplankton  is  often  used  for bioindicators of water quality.  The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the abundance, diversity, evenness, and dominance of phytoplankton in Menjer Lake and examine the condition of the water quality and its effects on phytoplankton abundance. Research on the composition and abundance of phytoplankton in Menjer Lake was conducted in May 2015. Phytoplankton samples were taken using a plankton net size 25 µk and identification of phytoplankton using SRC and the microscope. The composition of phytoplankton in Menjer Lake consist of  40 species from six divisions in the following order: Bacillariophyte (17 species),  Chlorophyte  (15   species),   Cyanophyte  (3  species),  Chrysophyte  (1  species), Chryptophyte (1 species  ) and  Dinoflagellate  (3 species).  Phytoplankton abundance was highest at the net culture (11.884 ind/ l), then the abundance of phytoplankton low at the outlet station (8.476 ind/ l). The result of analysis on Phytoplankton diversity of stasions at Menjer lake the value 2,27-2,62 that means of high diversity. Uniformity index (e) at Menjer lake the value 0,84-0,92, that means the condition of phytoplankton community include into stable. Dominance index  (D) was highest at the outlet station phytoplankton species to dominate Aulacoseira granulata was indicated of its water is eutrophic. Keywords: Menjer Lake, bioindicators, phytoplankton
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS PIGMEN DAN UJI POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK PIGMEN BAKTERI Rhodococcus sp HASIL ISOLASI DARI SEDIMEN SUMBER AIR PANAS GEDONG SONGO Muhamad Fikri Zulfikar; Endang Kusdiyantini; Siti Nur Jannah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Pigments are the coloring agents commonly used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. This compound has the ability as antibacterial, anticancer, antibiotic and antioxidant. Pigment can be obtained synthetic and natural, natural pigments can be produced by plants, animals and microbes, one of which microbes is Rhodococcus sp. This study was conduct to identify the pigment found in Rhodococcus sp and measure the antioxidant activity of pigment produced by Rhodococcus sp. Growth and pigments production Rhodococcus sp was  grown on NB (Nutrient broth) medium with 96 hours incubation. This Growth was measured by dry weight cell. Identification of pigment using Thin Layer Chromatography and spectrophotometer UV-Vis. Measured of antioxidant activity Rhodococcus sp pigment using Carotene Bleaching methods. The results of pigments obtained from the identification by separation of pigment samples by thin layer chromatography resulted in 2 fractions on silica gel plate GF 250 with Rf values of 0.75 and 0.90. and analysis of UV-Vis spectrophotometers obtained optimum wavelengths 395 and 420 nm is beta-carotene pigments. Rhodococcus sp pigment measured its antioxidant activity with carotene bleaching method with the antioxidant activity value 51,24%.Keywords: Pigment, Rhodococcus sp, Pigment identification, antioxidant activity
Interaksi antara Tingkat Ketersediaan Air dan Varietas, Terhadap Kandungan Prolin serta Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) Eko Wahono; Munifatul Izzati; Sarjana Parman
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 3 Juli 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The Soybean production in Indonesia has decreased due to erratic weather conditions. It is necessary to plant soybeans that are tolerant to drought stress to overcome this problem. Soybean adapt to drought stress by accumulating proline to protect cells from damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water availability on growth and proline content in soybean. This study was conducted in Greenhouse Gombel Lama and Biology Laboratory Diponegoro University. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors these are the level of water availability and soybean plant variety.  This research had 6 treatments and 3 replication. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan's multiple range real difference test. Parameters measured were proline content and plant growth (plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and roots). The results show that the level of water availability affect the content of proline and growth. The lowest water availability had the highest prolin content, that was Grobogan variety with 2,15 µmol/gr of proline content while Wilis variety had 2.30 µmol/gr of proline content. The soybean plant variety not significantly affect the content of proline and plant growth, but significantly affect on plant height and number of leaves trifoliat. Grobogan variety was more adapted to drought stress than Wilis variety.Key words : proline, water availabyility, soybean, Glycine max
Keanekaraaman Burung Daerah Terbuka Dan Tertutup Hutan Kota Tinjomoyo Dengan Hutan Kota Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Muhammad Abu Naim; Mochamad Hadi; Karyadi Baskoro
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 Juli 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Hutan Kota merupakan salah satu Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) yang memiliki luas minimal 0,25 ha pada wilayah perkotaan dengan vegetasi pohon yang dominan. Berdasarkan peran dan fungsinya, kawasan hutan kota dapat dikembangkan sebagai penyangga wilayah resapan air tanah, rekreasi alam, pelestarian plasma nutfah, sangtuari dan habitat satwa liar. Hutan Kota Tinjomoyo (57,5 ha) dan Hutan Kota Universitas Diponegoro (26 ha) merupakan dua hutan kota Pemerintah Kota Semarang yang memiliki wilayah paling luas. Burung merupakan salah satu vertebrata yang peka terhadap lingkungan, baik faktor fisik, kimia maupun biologi. Keberadaan burung di hutan kota berperan dalam memperkuat fungsi ekologis kota, memencarkan biji, polinator, pengendali hama dan menambah nilai estetika kota. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman burung yang ada di hutan kota. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2019 dengan melakukan pengamatan dan pendataan langsung pada daerah terbuka dan tertutup Hutan Kota Tinjomoyo serta Hutan Kota Universitas Diponegoro menggunakan metode point count. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan indeks kelimpahan jenis, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, indeks kemerataan jenis dan uji t-Hutcheson. Dijumpai 48 jenis burung, 10 jenis masuk kategori dominan dengan 2 jenis burung dominan di semua lokasi. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis sedang dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman 2-2,73 dan persebaran jenis merata dengan indeks kemerataan 0,55-0,76. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada daerah terbuka dan tertutup antara Hutan Kota Tinjomoyo dengan Hutan Kota Universitas Diponegoro. Hutan Kota Universitas Diponegoro pada daerah terbuka dengan daerah tertutup berbeda signifikan.
EFEKTIVITAS PAKAN DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI DAGING IKAN GABUS (Channa Striata) TERHADAP PERBAIKAN HISTOLOGIS DUODENUM TIKUS WISTAR SETELAH MENGALAMI PENGONDISIAN STRES FISIOLOGIS Rudi Juandi Gultom; S Sunarno; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Physiological Stress and nutritional deficiencies that followed excessive activity is a trigger factor disturbance structure and function of the duodenum. Organ in the duodenum has the ability to regenerate periodically after experiencing problems due to physiological stress. Nutrient content of feed determine organ regeneration process duodenum of the small intestine. This study was conducted to assess, analyze and determine the concentration of fish meat cork to increase in diameter, villous length, the thickness of the layer of the mucosa, submucosa and muscularis duodenum of Wistar rats after conditioning the physiological stress.This study used 20 male Wistar rats consisted of 5 treatments with 4 replications. The treatment in this study consisted of P0: control, test animals were conditioned stress followed six days of feeding without supplementation with fish meat cork; P1, P2, P3, and P4 are test animals that were conditioned stress for 6 days and fed with supplementation of fish meat cork for 14 days, respectively 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of the time after conditioning stress. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The parameters measured in this study is the diameter, villous length and thickness of the layers of mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis duodenum of the small intestine. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan test with 95% significance level. The results of this study are feeding the fish meat cork can improve the structure of histologic duodenum after  stress conditioning and feeding with supplementation of fish meat cork with a concentration of 15% giving effect to increase in diameter, the length of villi, and the thickness of the lining mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis duodenum, respectively -turut 2520 μm, 576.34 μm, 506 μm, 123.34 μm and 72.34 μm respectively higher 23.43%, 46.37%, 45.26%, 50.31%, and 22 , 95% compared to controls. It concluded supplementation with fish meat cork in feed can be used to improve the structure and function of post-stress duodenum.Keywords: stress, supplements, duodenum, cork fish, Channa striata, Wistar
PRODUKSI SELULASE OLEH KAPANG Aspergillus sp. HASIL ISOLASI DARI LIMBAH PENGOLAHAN SAGU (Metroxylon sp.) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI INOKULUM PADA FERMENTASI TERENDAM STATIS Anisa Rachma Sari; Endang Kusdiyantini; MG Isworo Rukmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Sago processing waste is one of agro-industry waste, which contains cellulose 19,55% and lignin 25%. Genus Aspergillus has been widely known as cellulase-producing fungi. Isolation of Aspergillus from sago processing waste is expected to get a potential isolates indegenous cellulolytic fungi. Cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4) is an enzyme that can break down cellulose into glucose monomer form, with consists of three components that work in synergy are endoglucanase, eksoglucanase and β-glucoside. This study aims to obtain isolates of Aspergillus sp. cellulolitic potential from sago processing waste and cellulase production of the cellulolytic isolates in various concentrations of inoculum. The study was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) 1 factor of 4 levels of inoculum concentration treatments were 0%, 2,5%; 5%; and 10% with three replications. The observed variables are biomass, CMCase activity and FPase activity. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with a significance level 95%. The result of isolation, two isolates of Aspergillus namely A. flavus and A. paradoxus with cellulolitic index respectively 2,63 and 2,06. Cellulase activity isolate of A. flavus either endoglucanase (CMCase) or total cellulase (FPase) are not affected by the concentration of inoculum.Keywords: cellulase, sago waste, Aspergillus, inoculum
Produksi Enzim Inulinase Khamir Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015 Dari Tepung Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Willd.) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Magnesium Sulfat (MgSO4.7H2O) Dan Waktu Inkubasi Riza Laksita Devi Mutiaratri; W Wijanarka; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 2 April 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Dahlia tubers (Dahlia variabilis Willd.) contain inulin which can be hydrolyzed by the inulinase enzyme (E.C.3.2.1.7) into fructose monomer units. Application of  inulinase enzyme is used in the production of HFS (High   Fructose  Syrup)  dan  FOS  (Fructo-oligosaccharides).  Inulinase  can  be  produced  by  several microorganisms  including  inulinolytic  yeast  Pichia  manshurica  DUCC  Y-015.  One  of  the  factors  that influence the production of enzyme inulinase is macro minerals and incubation time on production medium. This study aims to determine the concentration of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4.7H2O) and the most optimal incubation time in producing the inulinase  enzyme. The research was carried out experimentally using a Randomized Block Design factorial. The first factor is the concentration MgSO4.7H2O those are 0,5 g/L; 1 g/L; and 1,5 g/L. The second factor is the variation of the incubation time, those are 12 hours; 18 hours; and24 hours, repetition was performed three times. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with 5% significant level(α = 0,05) and Duncan Test for further analysis. The results showed that the variation of the concentration ofMgSO4.7H2O has not been able to increase the production of inulinase enzyme, while the incubation time of18 hours produced the inulinase enzyme activity of 0,9605 IU/mL. Keywords:  Inulinase,  Dahlia  variabilis  Willd.,  Pichia  manshurica  DUCC  Y-015,  MgSO4, Incubation Time
PERILAKU MAKAN DAN MINUM PADA ANAK ITIK MAGELANG (Anas plathyrhynchos) PASCA TETAS DARI INDUK YANG DIBERI PERLAKUAN KURKUMIN, CAHAYA PUTIH DAN CAHAYA MERAH Fajar Sara Kusumawati; Silvana Tana; Enny Yusuf Wachidah Yuniwarti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of white light treatment, red light, curcumin with white light and curcumin with red light on the parent to the eating and drinking behavior of magelang ducks (Anas plathyrhynchos). This study uses 16 magelang ducklings consisting of 4 treatments. The observations in this study were from 4 groups namely A.1B1 which is the duckling of the original treatment given white light, A1B2 which is the duck of the parent treatment given red light, A2B1 which is the duck of the parent treatment given curcumin dose 18 mg / kg and white light, and A2B1 which is a duck from the parent treatment given curcumin dose 18 mg / kg and white light. Parameters measured in this study were data of eating behavior and data of drinking behavior of magelang ducks (Anas plathyrhynchos). This research is analyzed by descriptive analysis. The conclusions of this study are eating and drinking behavior in post-hatch children duck treated from the parent who was given a white light that is decreased the frequency of eating and drinking in the afternoon in the second week, eating and drinking behavior in post-hatch ducks after treatment of the mother given red light that is decreased the frequency of eating and drinking in the morning in the second week, eating and drinking behavior in post-tetas duck treated from the parent who was given curcumin and white light that decreased the frequency of eating in the afternoon while the frequency of drinking tends to decline throughout the day in the second week as well as eating and drinking behavior in post-tetas ducklings treated from the parent who was given curcumin and red light that increased the frequency of eating throughout the day at week II and decreased the frequency of drinking during the day on week II.Key words: feeding behavior, drinking behavior, magelang duck, curcumin, red light and white light
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN Euphorbia hirta L. TERHADAP Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli, DAN Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VITRO Genoveva Preta Angelika; Agung Suprihadi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Biocontrol using Patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.) plant is an alternative solution to control pathogenic bacteria. Such wild plant is known to contain active compounds with antibacterial activity such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenols. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of E. hirta against R. solanacearum, E. coli and S. aureus. The extraction method of E. hirta was maceration with methanol solvent, while antibacterial activity test using the agar diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) with test bacteria was R. solanacearum, E. coli and S. aureus. E. hirta extract tested was pure extract (100%). Observed response was diameter of inhibitory zone formed around the paper discs that had been smeared with E. hirta extract on the media. Analysis of the data using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 1 factor (test bacteria) with three times repetition, followed by a further test of Duncan with 95% confidence level. The results indicated that E. hirta produced extraction yield of 6,45%. Antibacterial activity of E. hirta extract against R. solanacearum, E. coli and S. aureus was indicated by Inhibitory Zone Diameter (HZD), respectively for 21,8 mm, 18,26 mm and 17,06 mm. The results of this study showed that the methanol extract of E. hirta plant had antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum, E. coli and S. aureus, thus can be used as a biocontrol agent of bacterial wilt disease in plants caused by R. solanacearum and human disease caused by E. coli and S. aureus. Keywords: Euphorbia hirta, Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial activity, diffusion method
Kajian Etnobotani Tumbuhan yang Digunakan Pada Upacara Pernikahan Adat Jawa Di Sekitar Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat Titri Anggraini; Sri Utami; Murningsih Murningsih
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No.3 Juli 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Kajian etnobotani merupakan suatu ilmu yang mempelajari hubungan tumbuhan dengan suatu budaya masyarakat. Salah satu budaya Jawa yang masih dijaga dan sering dilaksanakan yaitu upacara pernikahan. Lembaga yang dapat dijadikan pusat kajian budaya Jawa adalah Keraton Surakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam upacara pernikahan adat Jawa dan makna penggunaannya, tingkat pengetahuan etnobotani, nilai kepentingan tumbuhan, serta upaya penyediaan dan konservasi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat sekitar Keraton Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam dengan 5 orang key persons, dan pemberian kuesioner kepada 92 responden. Hasilnya terdapat 47 spesies tumbuhan yang diketahui digunakan dalam upacara pernikahan adat Jawa, dengan makna dari penggunaaan tumbuhan tersebut sebagai pelengkap, simbol, harapan dan doa agar mendapatkan berkah dan kesejahteraan. Tumbuhan dengan nilai kepentingan paling tinggi terdapat pada kenanga (C. odorata Lam.), melati gambir (J. elongantum Ait.), melati (J. sambac Ait.), cempaka putih (M. alba D.C.), bunga sedap malam (P. tuberosa L.), mawar putih (R. alba L.), dan mawar merah (R. hibrida L.). Pengetahuan etnobotani masyarakat cukup baik namun belum terdapat upaya konservasi terhadap jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan pada upacara pernikahan adat Jawa.

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