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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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ANALISIS PROKSIMAT DAN UJI ORGANOLEPTIK BERAS ARTIFISIAL BERBAHAN DASAR TEPUNG SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dan TEPUNG KACANG MERAH (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) DENGAN PERBANDINGAN FORMULASI YANG BEBEDA S Salimna; Munifatul Izzati; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Artificial rice is rice made from non-carbohydrate rice approached or exceeded conventional rice. Making artificial rice from cassava flour and kidney bean flour is solution for the needs of healthy food society . This experiment aims to analyze and assess the nutritional value of artificial rice made from cassava flour and kidney bean by means of proximate analysis and to analyze and assess the preference level for artificial rice. Experimental studies using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely the number of comparisons cassava flour to kidney bean flour, consisted of 3 standard formula is  F1 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 2:1, F2 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 1:1 and F3 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 1:2. The methods of this experiment were proximate analysis and test preferences value. The results show that the formula of  artifisial rice that the best nutrition has formula with a ratio of cassava flour and kidney bean was F3 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 1:2. Formula F3 has ash content of 3,8%; water content 9,2%; crude fiber content of 7,4%; 8% protein; carbohydrate content 78,5% and antioxidant levels 21,6%. Test the preferences value show that the artificial rice made from cassava and kidney bean flour formula is F1 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 2:1, followed of F3 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much  1:2 and F2 with comparison between cassava and kidney bean flour as much 1:1.Keywords: artifisial rice, proximate analysis, preferences value
Kemampuan Isolat Fungi Endofit Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin) sebagai Penghasil Antimikroba terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Novi Alvita Pratama; Endang Kusdiyantini; Sri Pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 4 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Nilam (Pogostemon cablin) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang dapat digunakan sebagai antimikroba karena dapat menghasilkan minyak atsiri. Nilam juga dapat digunakan sebagai sumber isolat fungi endofit yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai alternatif penghasil senyawa antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi isolat fungi endofit tanaman nilam yang berpotensi sebagai antimikroba serta mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba supernatan dan ekstrak fungi endofit tanaman nilam terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dari supernatan dan ekstrak fungi endofit (konsentrasi 10 µg/disk, 30 µg/disk, dan 50 µg/disk) dilakukan pada isolat E1, E2 dan E3 terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Perlakuan dilakukan tiga kali ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way Anova dan uji lanjut Tukey. Sebanyak 3 isolat terbaik dipilih dari 14 isolat yaitu isolat E1, E2, dan E3. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba dari supernatan menunjukkan bahwa supernatan E2 memberikan diameter zona hambat paling besar terhadap E.coli (20.7 mm) dan S. aureus (19 mm) dibandingkan dengan supernatan E1 dan E3. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak E2 memberikan diameter zona hambat paling besar terhadap E.coli (18.5 mm) dan S. aureus (25.1 mm). Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing supernatan terdapat pengaruh yang berbeda signifikan (p<0,05) dan masing-masing konsentrasi ekstrak pada isolat E1 dan Isolat E2 memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda signifikan (p<0,05) sedangkan ekstrak isolat E3 tidak memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli dan S. aureus. 
ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI 16S rRNA DAN KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI BAKTERI PENDEGRADASI PLASTIK POLIETILEN (PE) Norma Sainstika Pangestu; Anto Budiharjo; MG Isworo Rukmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 1 Januari 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Plastic waste is one of the environmental issues that still need to be handled properly. plastic  commonly  used  are  basically  formed  by  polyethylene  which  is  contains  chemical compound.  Less cavity of plastic can disturb soil aeration which is important for other aerobic organism. This problem lead to increasing ecological threat. The main objective of present study is to isolate the soil microorganism that have a role as an agent  through plastic degradation. Bacteria were isolated from the surface of the plastic which is buried in soil. The  isolation is been carried out through soil serial dilution method and inoculated into selective King’s B agar. Isolates were obtained and then tested the ability of degradation of the PE. Isolates with the highest degradation  activity isolates G then identified using molecular methods based on 16S rRNA. the results showed that the 16S rRNA sequencing isolates G measuring 1,500 bp with the highest homologous species derived from the genus Bacillus. Keywords: Polyethylene, bacteria, biodegradation
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DALAM CAIRAN RUMEN SAPI TERHADAP PENURUNAN BIOMASSA, DAN PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR ANATOMI KAPAS (GOSSYPIUM SP) Ika Nur Rakhim Rahayu Setyaningsih; Munifatul Izzati; Teguh Suprihatin
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Energy crisisin many parts ofthe worldencouragesus toseekan alternative solutionto solvethe problem. Sources ofraw materialsin the manufacture ofenergy must beabundant, inexpensive, andeasy toobtain, sotakean ideato useleftovercottoncropswhich containscellulose, as well as usingacowrumen fluidslaughtehousewaste. The purposeof this study toany changesinthe anatomical structure ofcottonfibersand toinvestigate the influence ofbovinerumenfluidtodecreasebiomass.This research was conductedat the Laboratory ofBiologicalStructure and Function ofPlants,Department of Biology, FSM, UNDIP. The design used is descriptive qualitative analysis, and test T. Parameters observed were decreased biomass, and changes in anatomic structure (macroscopic and microscopic). The results showed soaking the cotton in the cow rumen fluid decreased significantly influence cotton biomass, which in the cotton control aerobic larger 0.5% decline from the anaerobic control cotton and cotton anaerobic biomass decreased 3.5% greater than in the aerobic cotton rumen fluid immersion, and anatomical changes in the fiber structure is characterized by significant decomposition of the fiber cell wall. This was done as an initial step in the manufacture of cellulose-based bioethanol. Keywords: immersion, bovine rumen fluid, anatomical structure, cellulose, cotton
PENGARUH NAUNGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG DAUN (Allium fistulosum L.) DI BANDUNGAN, JAWA TENGAH Ismi Alfii Anni; Endang Saptiningsih; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 3 Juli 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Onions ( Allium fistulosum L. ) is a vegetable that is often consumed by public . People often consume on the part of young leaves . Onions production decreased during the rainy season . One way to increase the growth and production of onions by adjusting the light intensity that is appropriate . Shade is one effort intensity of the sun setting to the plant . The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of shade on the growth and production of onions . The research conducted at Sidomukti Village, Bandungan and laboratory BSF, FSM, Diponegoro University. The research design using the single factor RAL: shade . Data analysis using ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test Test ( DMRT ) confidence level 95 % . The parameters were  plant height , number of tillers , wet weight , dry weight , chlorophyll content , stomatal number . The results showed that the difference was not significantly different shade to the number of tillers , fresh weight , chlorophyll content , and the number of stomata , but showed significantly different results to height and plant dry weight . Paranet shade with 2 coats of 10950-24850 lux light intensity and give the highest production growth in height and plant dry weight. Keyword: onions, growth, production
UJI KUALITAS MADU PADA BEBERAPA WILAYAH BUDIDAYA LEBAH MADU DI KABUPATEN PATI Iffa Illiyya Fatma; Sri Haryanti; Sri Widodo Agung Suedy
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 April 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Honey is the natural sweet substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of flowers. Honey composition is very complex, it contains at least 181-200 different substances, hence the enormous benefits of honey within pharmaceutical industry, food, beverage, and aesthetics. Although the demand for honey in Indonesia has been increasing, there is still no honey quality certification labeled on its product. This study used honey from several beekeeping region in Pati regency which has not been certified. The research aims to analyze honey quality based on water content, acidity, and total sugar. The sampling was purposive sampling method in the three different districts in Pati Regency, those were Gembong District, Gunungwungkal District, and Tlogowungu District, because in general this area is the main honey producer as there are many beekeepers and there is still no honey quality information labeled on it. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments (locations) 4 replications from different beekeeper in each region. The water content and total sugar used a refractometer and acidity used titration. The research found that there is a significant difference between honey quality from different beekeeping region. The water content is ranged from 24-27,8%, acidity 59,2-68,3ml NaOH/kg, and total sugar 70,6-74,5 oBx. The highest honey quality is obtained from Gembong District with water content 24%, acidity 59,2ml NaOH/kg, and total sugar 74,5oBx.Keywords: Apis mellifera, water content, acidity, total sugar.
Hubungan Faktor Fisika-Kimia Perairan Terhadap Kelimpahan Moluska di Area Keramba Jaring Apung Sistem Polikultur Teluk Awerange, Sulawesi Selatan Amalia Aininnur; Sapto Purnomo Putro; Fuad Muhammad
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 4 Oktober 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Fish farming using floating cage has been conducted for a long time in Indonesia. Despite the benefits of aquaculture to meet the needs of the human protein, aquaculture has potential impact on the aquatic environment, especially due to the impact  of  organic  enrichment.  This  study aims  to  determine  the  relationship  of  water  physical-chemical  on  the abundance of mollusks as a biological agent to determine the level of environmental disturbance. This research was conducted in the waters of the Awerange Gulf, South Sulawesi. Mollusks samples were taken from two stations, namely the reference area and polyculture cage area with twice the sampling time and three   replicates. Abiotic and biotic relationships conducted using multivariate approach (Principal Component Analysis / PCA, BIO-ENV) using Eucladian Distance matrix. Based on the results, there were 15 species consisting of 14 families and 2 classes (gastropods and bivalves). Families were most prevalent in both sites was Turritellidae. In general, water quality in the Awerange Gulf is considered normal at both locations. Results of ordination using PCA on abiotic factors indicated that the stations between reference area and polyculture cage area are clustered, implying the difference of both sites. BIO-ENV analysis results indicates that the abiotic factors that most influence the distribution and abundance of molluscs in the Awerange Gulf were DO, Carbon and Nitrogen contain (r = 0.457; BIO-ENV). Keywords : Mollusk, Polyculture Cage, Awerange Gulf, Abiotic Component
PRODUKSI INULINASE DARI UMBI DAHLIA (Dahlia variabilis) OLEH Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015 DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU INKUBASI DAN KONSENTRASI GLUKOSA SEBAGAI SUMBER KARBON TAMBAHAN Fathika Fitrania; MG. Isworo Rukmi; w wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The production of fructose from inulin by inulinase would only take one stage enzimatis reaction and yielding 95% fructose. Inulin obtained from the dahlia tubers and inulinase produced by Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015. The production of inulinase  (E.C 3.2.1.7) can be influenced by the presence of glucose as  additional carbon source. The purpose of this research is to analyze influence of  variation glucose concentration and incubation time to production inulinase P. manshurica DUCC Y-015 in dahlia tubers substrate. Measurement of production enzyme covering activity inulinase and activity invertase. Both analyzed by DNS method and determined based on 1 µmole fructose resulting. The design used in this research were Randomized Factorial Block Design ( RAFBD ). Factor I in the form of glucose concentration 0% (G0); 0.25% (G1); 0.5% (G2) and factor II were incubation time 6 hours (T6), 12 hours (T12), and 18 hours (T18) with repetition 3 times. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA method. The result showed variation of glucose concentration and incubation time difference had no significant effect on production of inulinase from P. manshurica DUCC Y-015. The highest production of the inulinase was demonstrated by treatment G1T12 with  0,25% glucose and incubation time 12 hours with value of the activity of inulinase as much as 0,574 IU/mL. Keywords : Dahlia tubers,  Glucose, Inulinase, Incubation time, Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015,
Perkecambahan Biji Dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Karet (Havea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) Dari Klon Dan Media Yang Berbeda Devi Sara; Munifatul Izzati; Erma Prihastanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 4 Oktober 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Rubber tree is an economical plant because of its latex production which is used as raw materials in rubber industries. The most important steps in rubber tree cultivation are germination and nurseries of stock for the grafting. The aims of the study to investigate seed germination from  3 types of clone and stock growth from different clone and plant media. The research consists of two steps: 1. to investigate seed germination from 3 types of clone, 2. to investigate growth of stock rubber on different clone and plant media for 30 days. The study design used completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 repetition. The first factor was plant media (soil, soil + manure, soil + liquid fertilizer, soil + ash). Second factor was seed clone (PB 260, GT 1, BPM 24). The pameter measured were germination percentage, stem height, root length, leaf number, leaf area, dry and fresh weight. Collected data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) in 95% significance difference. The study resulted that BPM 24 clone had the highest germination percentage on 74,9%, while PB 260 is 71% and GT 1 is 63,6%. The types of clone affected on growth of stock rubber tree. The PB 260 clone had better stem height, root length, leaf number, leaf area, dry and fresh weight parameter than the other clone. Plant media had no effect on all parameters. There is no interaction between plant media clone in affecting to growth of stock rubber.Key Words: Clone, PB 260, GT 1, BPM 24, manure, liquid fertilizer
PERBAIKAN HISTOLOGIS PUSAT LEARNING AND MEMORY DI HIPOKAMPUS OTAK SETELAH PERLAKUAN SUPLEMEN DAGING IKAN GABUS (CHANNA STRIATA) DALAM PAKAN: KAJIAN IN VIVO PADA TIKUS WISTAR PASCA STRES Reynato Wijaya Saputra; S Sunarno; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Background: Stress due to lack of feed that followed excessive activity is a trigger factor learning and memory disorder center in the hippocampus. Cornu ammonis (CA3 and CA1) in the hippocampus is a structure that is central to learning and memory. Complete nutrient content of feed is supporting the regeneration of the structure of CA3 and CA1 in the hippocampus impaired due to stress . This research was conducted to obtain a histological improvement layers of CA3 and CA1 hippocampus in the rat brain after supplementation with snakehead fish meat in the  feed of post-stress.Design and Method: This study uses a completely randomized design consisting of                 6 treatments with 4 replications. Test animals used were male Wistar rats. Treatments, including P0: control, namely Wistar rats were conditioned to stress during the six days that followed the feeding without supplementation of snakehead fish meat for 14 days; P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively Wistar rats were conditioned stress followed by supplemental feeding snakehead fish meat 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The research variables measured the thickness of the layer of CA3 and CA1. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at the level of 95% and continued with Duncan test with 95% significance level .Result: Supplemental feeding with snakehead fish meat as much as 15% during 14 days in Wistar rats after stress gives the best effect on the improvement of CA3 and CA1 layer of the hippocampus, respectively 53.60 μm2 (17.49%) and 46.31 μm2 (78,32%), better than the control.Conclusion: Feeding the snake head fish meat supplementation for 14 days in Wistar rats after stress can improve layer CA3 and CA1 in the hippocampus of the brain. Recommended snake head fish meat can be used as a feed supplement to improve the structure of CA3 and CA1 in the hippocampus and very good to support the learning and memory functions of the brain. Keywords: snakehead fish meat, Channa striata, cornu ammonis, supplementation, hippocampus, learning and memory

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