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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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PREFERENSI BERTELUR NYAMUK Aedes aegypti L. BERDASARKAN JARAK PENEMPATAN OVITRAP BERMEDIA AIR DOMESTIK TERHADAP OVITRAP BERMEDIA AIR RENDAMAN JERAMI Wahyu Nur Hidayah; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Rully Rahadian
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Ovitrap is one of the environmentally friendly equipment of controlling Aedes aegypti which causes dengue fever. The utilization of ovitraps by adding attractant substances which are placed in certain distances can stimulate the mosquitoes’ sense of smell in order to lure them. The objective of this study were to determine the effective placing distance of ovitrap’s domestic water media on ovitrap’s hay-soaked water medium in order to lure Ae. aegypti on laying eggs, and to understand the oviposition preferences of Ae. aegypti based on the  placing distance of ovitrap’s domestic water media on ovitrap’s hay-soaked water medium. This research design was factorial experiment by using Split Plot. The water medium used was hay-soaked water as the control. The domestic water media used were well water, tap water, and rain water which were placed with the distance of 0 meter, 1 meter, 3 meters, and 5 meters from the hay-soaked water by using 3 replications. The independent variable were the placing distance and water media, while the dependent variable was the number of eggs trapped. The data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA with the significance level of 95%. The findings showed that the placing of ovitrap’s well water and tap water with the distance of 5 meters is still effective to distract the oviposition preferences of Ae aegypti on hay-soaked water, while in the well water was only effective up to 3 meters. The water media has no effect on oviposition preferences of Ae aegypti when they are placed up to 5 meters away from the hay-soaked water. This happens due to the high concentration of ammonia in the hay-soaked water which attract the mosquitoes to choose compared to other water media to lay eggs.    Keywords: Aedes aegypti, ovitrap, attractant, hay-soaked water, ammonia
UJI ANTAGONIS KAPANG ENDOFIT DUWET (Syzigium cumini (L.) Skeels) TEHADAP KAPANG Fusarium oxysporum PENYEBAB PENYAKIT MOLER PADA BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) SECARA IN-VITRO Luthfian Nur Afifi; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Endophytic fungi inhabit plant hosts for all or part of their life cycle in plant tissues without doing harm to its host. Utilization of endophytic fungi as controlling plant pathogens has been widely studied in in-vivo and in-vitro. The aims of this study was to determined the antagonistic activities of 8 endophytic fungal isolates from some parts of duwet (Syzigium cumini (L.) Skeels.) tree against F. oxysporum, a pathogenic fungi causing bulb rot disease on red onion. This study was conducted using Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 8 endophytic fungal isolates as treatment, done in triplicates. The antagonistic activity were examined using dual culture method, by determined the percentage of inhibition. The mycelial plugs (4 mm diameter) of endophytic fungi and pathogenic fungi F. oxysporum were placed in same dish 3 cm each other. The endophytic fungal isolates were conventionally identified to genus level. The identification results showed that endophytic fungi came from 1 isolates of Aspergillus, 5 isolates of Penicillium, 1 isolate of Fusarium, and 1 isolate of Mycelia sterilia. All endophytic fungal isolates showed capability on inhabiting the growth of F. oxysporum with the percentage of inhibition varied between 1.1 to 36.0%. Fusarium JD1 isolates showed the highest antagonist activity against F. oxysporum (36.0%). Keywords : Endophytic fungi, duwet, Fusarium oxysporum, growth inhibition.
Kualitas Air Rawa Jombor Klaten, Jawa Tengah Berdasarkan Komunitas Fitoplankton Ayu Ambar Alina; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; Fuad Muhammad
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 3 Juli 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Phytoplankton have an important role in the aquatic ecosystem as a primary producer.   Phytoplankton sensitive to the environmental changes, therefore might be used as bioindicators of water quality. Rawa Jombor water conditions have changed as a result of the direct influence of the surrounding community activities or indirect effect such a change of land use. The purpose of this  research was to examine the composition, abundance, diversity, and evenness of phytoplankton in Rawa Jombor, assess the level of water pollution Rawa Jombor based on saprobic index and assess water quality Rawa Jombor by phytoplankton as a bioindicator. Determination of sampling points purposive random sampling. Sampling using plankton net no.25, and observation of the sample under the microscope 400 magnification. Temperature, pH, brightness,   turbidity   and   conductivity   is   still   relatively   good   conditions   for phytoplankton, while the value of the DO indicates the quality of waters classified as heavily polluted. The species composition of phytoplankton in Rawa Jombor are 21 types of 5 divisions (Bacillariophyte, Chlorophyte, Cyanophyte, Chrysophyte, and Euglenophyte), and is dominated by the division Cyanophyte. Species found in the entire       station  is          Anabaena             sp,          Anabaena          flos-aquae,           Anabaena     spiroides, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis aeruginosa and Gonium pectorale. The highest abundance at STA 5 with 21,137 Ind/L and the lowest at STA 7 with 8,846Ind/L. Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.84 to 1.47, evenness index ranged  from  0.35  to  0.59,  dominance  index  ranged  from  0.34  to  0.63,  and  the saprobic index ranges  between  (-2.48) - (- 2.87). Thoses value indicates that Rawa Jombor relatively heavy pollution. Keywords: Water quality, Community, Phytoplankton, Rawa Jombor.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER KHAMIR DARI MOLASE SERTA KEMAMPUANNYA DALAM PRODUKSI ETANOL Fauziah Citra Rahmawati; Endang Kusdiyantini; Anto Budiharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The need of petroleum is increasing while the availability is limited. Petroleum is an alternative energy source which is produced by fermentation using a sugar-containing substrate with the help of yeast. This research aims to isolate the yeast that can ferment molasses into ethanol and identify morphologically, biochemically, and molecular so the species can be known. The isolation is done into the PDA media by streak method. Morphological identification involves macroscopic and microscopic observation. Biochemical identification involves growth tests on 50% glucose concentration and sugar fermentation. Molecular identification is done by looking at its genome based on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) DNA base order. From Molasses isolation was obtained four isolates of yeast, that are isolates 1C1, 1C2, 2C1, and 3C2. Isolates 2C1 which is used for ethanol fermentation produces 0,9876 g/cm3 or 9,5% of ethanol. 2C1 Isolates was amplified using PCR and Phylogenetic Analysis using Neighbor Joining method. Sequencing results show that Isolates 2C1 has 616 bp Query Length. Based on Homology equation through BLAST method and phylogenetic tree analysis, isolates 2C1 is a Debaryomyces Hansenii.Keywords: Identification, Yeast, Molasses, Molecular, Ethanol
POTENSI RHIZOBAKTERI DARI TANAMAN KUBIS (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) DAERAH GETASAN SEMARANG SEBAGAI AGEN BIOBAKTERISIDA TERHADAP PATOGEN Xanthomonas campestris Maya Fitriana Ilul Fahmi; Anto Budiharjo; Agung Suprihadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 3 Juli 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Rhizobacteria are bacteria that live around plant roots but do not cause negative effects on their host and are known to act as a biobactericide agent. The use of chemical-based pesticide against plant pathogen can be replaced with rhizobacteria. The objectives of this research were to isolate rhizobacteria from cabbage, explored from Getasan, Semarang  and to determine the ability of the isolates to inhibit pathogens Xanthomonas campestris causing black rot on cabbage in vitro. The research concisted of  rhizobacterial isolation, morphologic bacterial characterization, antibacterial test, and molecular and biochemical identification of the isolates. The isolation obtained seventeen rhizobacterial isolates. Four isolates (K.1, K.3, K.9 and K.12) showed potency as an biobactericide agent against pathogenic X. campestris. K.9 had the best ability to inhibit the growth of X.campestris by 12,6 mm. Based on molecular identification K.9 was Bacillus cereus strains BF15. Morphology and Biochemistry test showed that isolates K.9 is gram positive bacteria shaped bacilli, able to form an endospore, positive in hydrolysing starch , fermentation glucose, motile, aerobic and negative in the fermentation of manitol and arabinosa. Keywords : Antibacterial, Rhizobacteria, Cabbages, black rot disease, Xanthomonas. campestris
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Padat dan Cair dari Serasah Mangrove terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. var. Numbu) Fransisca Dian Anggraeni; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 Juli 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Produksi Sorgum di Indonesia cenderung mengalami penurunan sehingga perlu adanya upaya peningkatan produksi. Peningkatan produksi tanaman sorgum dilakukan dengan penambahan pupuk organik. Serasah mangrove sangat potensial untuk dijadikan pupuk organik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaruh pupuk organik dari serasah mangrove terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. var. Numbu), serta mengkaji dan menganalisis pemupukan manakah diantara pupuk organik padat dan pupuk organik cair dari serasah mangrove yang optimal dalam pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. var. Numbu). Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Dosis pemupukan Po : kontrol, P1 : pupuk organik padat 94.2 gr, P2 : pupuk organik padat 141.3 gr, P3 : pupuk organik cair 50 ml, P4 : pupuk organik cair 100ml. Parameter pertumbuhan yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, dan panjang akar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysist of Variances (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk organik dari serasah mangrove memiliki kecenderungan meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar, dan panjang daun tanaman sorgum. Pupuk organik padat dari serasah mangrove memiliki kecenderungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pupuk organik cair.
ISOLASI BAKTERIOFAG Escherichia coli DARI SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR MINUM ISI ULANG SEBAGAI ANTIBIOFILM Dani Sukma Saefunida; W Wijanarka; MG Isworo Rukmi; Novik Nur Hidayat
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

E. coli termasuk golongan bakteri koliform sebagai indikator kualitas air yang dapat membentuk biofilm pada sistem distribusi air minum isi ulang. Biofilm tersebut dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi dan penyebaran penyakit. Bakteriofag yang memiliki kemampuan dalam melisiskan inang dapat dijadikan solusi permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengisolasi bakteriofag E. coli dari sistem distribusi air minum isi ulang dan menguji aktivitas antibiofilm. Isolasi bakteriofag dilakukan dengan metode plaque assay, sedangkan uji aktivitas antibiofilm menggunakan metode microtiter plate assay. Sampel yang digunakan adalah biofilm dari pipa sumber air, tangki penyimpanan depot air minum dan produk air minum isi ulang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteriofag E. coli dapat diperoleh dari masing-masing sampel dan memiliki aktivitas antibiofilm. Kata Kunci : Antibiofilm, Bakteriofag, E. coli.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGOTA LAURACEAE DAN PEMANFAATANNYA DI CAGAR ALAM DUNGUS IWUL KABUPATEN BOGOR JAWA BARAT Seviana Mulia; M Murningsih; J Jumari; Lade Alhamd
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Lauraceae is a group of flower plant that have a significant economic value. In the Natural Preserve of Dungus Iwul has been identified the existence of the Lauraceae family. The purpose of this research is to determine the diversity of Lauraceae species, understand Lauraceae density and frequency in Natural Preserve of Dungus Iwul, and understanding it’s utilization. The observation was done on 1 ha plot sample, which include identification, inventarization, and the collection of the Lauraceae species, the research was done on May until June 2016. There are 48 individual members of the Lauraceae species which is consist of nine species and 4 genera, e.g. Cryptocarya, Litsea, Actinodaphne, Cinnamomum. The highest density value were Litsea racemosa C.T White with 29,79% as relative density and the lowest density were Cinnamomum javanicum Blume and Litsea resinosa Blume with 2,13% as relative density. The species with the highest frequency were Litsea racemosa C.T White with 24,32% as relative frequency value and the species with the lowest frequency were Cinnamomum javanicum Blume dan Litsea resinosa Blume with 2,70% as relative frequency value. The Lauraceae family have benefits such as animal feed, building materials, cover crops, ornamental plants, industrial raw materials, essential oil, and act as a medicine.Keywords :     Lauraceae, Natural Preserve of DungusIwul, species diversity,                                             density and frequency plants utilization.
Produksi Enzim Protease Dari A.niger PAM18A dengan Variasi pH dan Waktu Inkubasi Putri Ramadhani; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 2 April 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Advances in the field of fermentation technology, genetic engineering, and technology applications of enzymes lead to the use of enzymes in the industry is increasing. Enzymes used in the industry can be derived from microorganisms such as bacteria, molds, and yeasts. Protease is one of the important enzyme that has been used widely in various fields of industrial application and 65% of the sales of enzymes in the world. Alkaline protease is one of hydrolytic enzymes that can hydrolysis proteins which working at the pH range of 7-12. The aim of this study was  to investigate the influence of pH and incubation time on the protease production of A. niger PAM 18A. The experimental were done using Factor Block Random Design with 2 i.e pH of7, 8, 9, and incubation time of 5, 6, 7 days. The results showed that highest protease fromA. niger PAM18A were found in the treatment of pH 8 and of 5 days incubating with the protease activity and specific activity were 0,930 U/mL and 3,632U/mg respectively.Keywords: Production Enzyme, Protease, A. niger PAM18A, pH, incubation time.
ISOLASI, ENUMERASI DAN DETEKSI MOLEKULER GEN ToxR PADA BAKTERI Vibrio parahaemolyticus DARI TAMBAK UDANG VANNAMAE DI REMBANG Thu'ti Alawiyyah; Anto Budiharjo; Agung Suprihadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 3 Juli 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The presence of opportunistic pathogen bacteria in shrimp pond water is caused by 3 factor. There is environmental factor, shrimp condition and the existence of bacteria. Vibrosis disesase in shrimp is harmfull to farmers because it makes reducing result and caused disease in humans. Bacteria often found among types of Vibrio. The toxR gene is known as the transmembrane regulator gene that control the expression of toxin gene. This study aims to determine the existence of toxR gene in Vibrio parahaemolyticus in pond water samples by PCR method. Bacterial isolation was performed using selective media CDVP Nissui. Enumeration of bacteria by TPC method to determine the number of suspected V. parahaemolyticus on CDVP. Extraction of bacterial DNA using QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit. A good qualitative result of the DNA extraction then amplified by toxR primer. Sequencing process sent to PT. Genetica Science. V. parahaemolyticus inoculated on CDVP media showed blue-green color because it can not ferment sucrose. Dry media CDVP Nissui can be used as a medium in the enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (1,6 x 102 CFU/ml in water sample) because it can be distinguished by the type of bacteria colony color that appears. The PCR protocol used was annealing at 62ºC with a cycle 30 times. Electrophoresis results showed that bacterial samples from pond water positively containing toxR gene with length 368 bp. From sequence base data of nucleotides, the sample has 99% equation with V. parahaemolyticus in the NCBI bank gene. Samples of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria in shrimp pond water in Rembang are known contain the toxR gene.Keyword : V. parahaemolyticus, toxR gene, enumeration, TCBS, CDVP

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