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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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PRODUKSI INULINASE DARI UMBI DAHLIA (Dahlia variabilis) OLEH Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015 DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU INKUBASI DAN KONSENTRASI GLUKOSA SEBAGAI SUMBER KARBON TAMBAHAN Fathika Fitrania; Isworo Rukmi; Wijanarka Wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No.2 April 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

 Produksi fruktosa secara langsung dari inulin oleh inulinase hanya memerlukan satu tahap reaksi enzimatis dan menghasilkan 95% fruktosa. Inulin diperoleh dari tepung umbi dahlia dan inulinase diproduksi Pichia manshurica DUCC Y-015. Produksi inulinase (E.C. 3.2.1.7) dapat dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan glukosa sebagai sumber karbon tambahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi glukosa dan waktu inkubasi terhadap produksi inulinase khamir P. manshurica DUCC-Y015 dalam substrat umbi dahlia. Pengukuran produksi enzim meliputi aktivitas inulinase dan aktivitas invertase. Aktivitas inulinase dan invertase dianalisis dengan metode DNS dan ditentukan berdasarkan 1 µmol fruktosa yang dihasilkan. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial. Faktor I berupa konsentrasi glukosa 0% (G0) ; 0,25%  (G1) ;  0,5% (G2) dan faktor II berupa waktu inkubasi 6 jam (T6), 12 jam (T12), dan 18 jam(T18) dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi glukosa, perbedaan waktu inkubasi maupun  interaksi keduanya berpengaruh tidak signifikan  terhadap produksi enzim inulinase. Produksi enzim inulinase  tertinggi dari P. manshurica DUCC Y-015 ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan G1T12 dengan konsentrasi glukosa sebesar 0,25%  dan waktu inkubasi 12 jam dengan nilai aktivitas enzim sebesar 0,574 IU/mL. 
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN TANGKAP DI SEKITAR KARAMBA DAERAH NGASINAN WADUK KEDUNGOMBO JAWA TENGAH Anang Yunianto; Sapto Punomo Putro; Riche Hariyati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 1 No. 1 Oktober 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Nowadays the fish farming activity in the Kedungombo reservoir tends to increase gradually. The knowledge of diversity and abundance of  fish species would be usefull to preserve the ecosystem of the reservoir. The improving management of water resources reservoirs is also needed to increase the economy of local community. The purpose of this study is to determine the diversity and abundance of fish found in the area around Kedungombo reservoir. The study is explorative. Sampling was done randomly at 5 stations. Data analysis was done to determine the similiaritas index (Di), diversity index (H '), evenness index (e), relative abundance. Hutcheson t test was carried out to determine differences in species diversity at July and August with five-point observation stations.  Based on the results of the study, during the months of July to August, there are 8 species, namely: Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus), catfish (Pangasius sutchi), Betutu (Oxyeleotris marmorata), Red Devil (Amphilophus labiatus), Redoson (Trichogaster trichopterus) and Gurame (Osphronemus goramy). The level of diversity and evenness of fish are considerably low. Silver barb fish dominated in relative abundance. Hutcheson t test results showed no difference in fish species diversity, indicated by t count <t table at the 95% confidence level. Water quality, light brightness and sediments were considered as a suitable habitat for fish. This study implies that other studies at the other regions are needed to assess the diversity of tropical fish
Pengaruh Penambahan Pembenah Tanah dari Daun dan Akar Tanaman Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes Solm.) terhadap Kapasitas lapang Tanah Pasir dan Tanah Liat serta Pertumbuhan Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.) Marlina, iis; Izzati, Munifatul; Saptiningsih, Endang
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 1 Januari 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Soil conditioner is materials that added to the soil.  Soil conditioner capable to improve soil structure, water holding capacity and infiltration. The aims of this research is to study the effect soil conditioner on the field capacity and growth of green peas that were planted in sandy and clay soil. The soil conditioner used in this research is consisted of two different species of aquatic plants, leaf and root E.crassipes. It is treatment was replicated 3 time. Sandy soil (T1) and clay soil (T2) without soil conditioner were served as controls. T1P1 (Sandy soil+soil conditioner leaf E.crassipes) T1P2 (Sandy soil+soil conditioner root E.crassipes) T2P1 (clay soil+soil conditioner leaf E.crassipes) T2P2 (clay soil+ soil conditioner root E.crassipes). Ratio of soil and soil conditioner is 75%:25%. Result indicated that addition of leaf and root E.crassipes conditioner significanly increased field capacity, both in sandy and clay soil. The controls soil or without soil conditioner field capacity is 12,20%. Increased field capacity by leaf E.crassipes is 18,56 % and root E.crassipes 16,60%. Key words: soil conditioner, eichhornia crassipes, field capacity, growth.
ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI Aeromonas hydrophila DAN DETEKSI GEN PENYEBAB PENYAKIT MOTILE AEROMONAS SEPTICEMIA (MAS) DENGAN 16S rRNA DAN AEROLYSIN PADA IKAN LELE (Clarias sp.) M Muslikha; Sri Pujiyanto; Siti Nur Jannah; Hessy Novita
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 4 Oktober 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila merupakan bakteri Gram negatif yang banyak ditemukan di perairan dan dapat menyerang ikan. Selain itu, A. hydrophila menyebaban penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septiemia (MAS) yang menyerang beberapa organ dalam seperti hati, limpa dan ginjal. Isolat bakteri diisolasi dari ikan lele (Clarias sp.) yang berasal dari berbagai daerah seperti, Ciganjur, Sukamandi dan Citayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, karakterisasi dan deteksi gen patogen bakteri A. hydrophila penyebab penyakit MAS pada ikan lele. Beberapa pengujian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu uji biokimia (pewarnaan Gram, uji oksidatif-fermentatif, uji katalase, uji oksidase, uji d-mannitol, uji TSA skim milk, uji Mac Conkey, dan uji novobiosin), uji deteksi gen patogen dilakukan secara molekuler dengan menggunakan primer 16S rRNA dan aerolysin. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian biokimia, A. hydrophila merupakan Gram negatif dengan sel berbentuk basil pendek, bersifat motil, positif menghasilkan enzim oksidase, enzim katalase dan positif oksidatif dan fermentatif, positif fermentasi laktosa. Hasil deteksi gen patogen menunjukkan isolat AH2 dan B9 memiliki gen faktor virulen yaitu, aerolysin. Isolat AH2 dan B9 menghasilkan gen aerolysin kembali pada deteksi gen hasil reisolasi dari postulat Koch. Kata kunci : Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.), Aeromonas hydrophila, Gen Faktor Virulen, Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS).
PRODUKSI PIGMEN OLEH ISOLAT KAPANG HASIL ISOLASI DARI ANGKAK KOMERSIAL DI SEMARANG PADA SUMBER N DAN pH BERBEDA Soni Nugraha Anwar; Endang Kusdiyantini; Arina Tri Lunggani
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The development of the food processing industry led to the use of dyes have also increased, especially the type of synthetic dyes that can be harmful to consumers because of its toxicity. Natural dyes to be one of the alternatives used in the field of food. One of the natural dyes is widely used as a food coloring that is red yeast rice. Red yeast rice is rice that is overgrown by the mold Monascus sp. that produces pigment. This study aims to obtain pure isolates of red yeast rice molds that are in Semarang and knowing the growth and production of red pigment in the fungi isolates the different source of N and pH. The treatment is done by growing PDB (potato dextrose broth) in the medium with treatment medium pH 3,5,7 and 9 as well as optimization of the nitrogen source Ammonium chloride 1 %, Ammonium Nitrate 1 %, and Peptone 1 %. Analysis of pigments using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength (λ) of 500 nm and analysis of dry cell weight mycelia (g/l). The results showed the highest pigment concentration at treatment pH 7 with 0.812 absorbance value and the highest value of the cell dry weight at pH 7 is 1.232 g/l. Results of optimization with different nitrogen sources showed the highest pigment levels in the addition of a nitrogen source Ammonium Chloride 1 % to the value of 0.821 absorbance and dry weight of most cells are in Ammonium Nitrate is 2.556 g/l. Keywords: Pigment, Angkak, Isolate Fungus, pH, Nitrogen.
MICROBIAL FUEL CELL (MFC) MENGGUNAKAN BAKTERI BACILLUS SUBTILIS DENGAN SUBSTRAT LIMBAH SEPTIC TANK SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS LIMBAH Fitra Adi Prayogo; Agung Suprihadi; Budi Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 April 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The power plant was still dependent on non-renewable energy is one factor in Indonesia fixed with the problems of electric energy crisis. Several lecturer have shown that B. subtilis can produced electricity through Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). The purpose of this study is to measured the values of voltage, electric current, and power density as well as changes in the quality of waste water septic tank. Waste in a vacuum toilet can be of service "Doremon Jaya", sterilized and counted the value of the quality of wastes. B. subtilis inoculum was then inoculated into a bioreactor containing sterile waste septic tank with 4 different concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% (v/v). Inoculum was incubated for 12 hours prior to observing. The result showed that B. subtilis with inoculum concentration of 3% (v/v) produced the greatest voltage, which is 299.70 mV on 4-hour with strong current and power density 0.2997 mA 8.98 mW / cm2. COD can reduced by up to 31.18% at the inoculum concentrations of 3% (v/v), while the value of BOD reduced by up to 25.03% at the inoculum concentrations of 3% (v/v). DO value also experienced the percentage decreased to 34.25% or decreased to 0.96 at the inoculum concentrations of 2% (v/v). pH value in the treatment of inoculum concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% (v / v) decreased after the fermentation was consecutively 5.4, 4.8, 4.9, and 4.2  Kata kunci : Bacillus subtilis, Microbial Fuel Cell, Septic  tank, Wastewater quality
ANALISIS FILOGENETIK Curcuma zedoaria (TEMU PUTIH) BERDASARKAN GEN INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) Yuliandini Pangestika; Anto Budiharjo; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 4 Oktober 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Curcuma zedoaria belongs to Zingiberaceae family which has a local name white turmeric. This local name is not only used by C. zedoaria, but also used by C. mangga and Kaempferia rotunda. This problem leads to incorrect selection of ingredients, so that the therapeutic effect can not to achieved. Therefore phylogenetic analysis is important to differentiate three types of these plants. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated the taxonomic classification of organisms based on evolutionary history. Sequence which used in this study was Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). ITS flanked by the coding region of 18S, 5.8S and 26S rDNA on each unit in a series of chromosomes. Aimed of this study was to perform phylogenetic analysis of C. zedoaria which from Indonesia based on ITS gene sequences. Methods included were DNA isolation using Doyle and Doyle method (1987), ITS gene amplification using ITS1 and ITS4 primer, analysis of ITS gene sequences using Basic Local Aligment Search Tool (BLAST), and construction of phylogenetic trees using MEGA6 by neighbor-joining tree method and bootstrap method with 1000 replications. DNA isolation resulted DNA concentration of 853 ng/µl and purity value of 2.17. Amplification of  ITS region resulted in 700 bp product. Result of homology search showed C. zedoaria had homology with C. zedoaria voucher JLS 71432 clone 4 from Czezh Republic with 72 % homology and 3 % gap. Phylogenetic analysis showed that white turmeric collected in this study was C. zedoaria and different from C. mangga and K. rotunda. This study concluded that C. zedoaria different from C. zedoaria from the Czech Republic, however both were in a Curcuma monophyletic group.Keywords: Curcuma zedoaria, Internal Transcribed  Spacer,  phylogenetic, white turmeric
KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI, BIOKIMIA, DAN MOLEKULER ISOLAT KHAMIR IK-2 HASIL ISOLASI DARI JUS BUAH SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.) Vivi Suryaningsih; Rejeki Siti Ferniah; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Yeast was found in foods that contain lots of sugar as fruits. Yeast utilizes simple sugars in food to gain energy. Yeast has a role in the natural fermentation of the fruit that resulting of decay, discoloration, and cause the fruit not durable. The purpose of this research were to isolate the yeast from the soursop fruit and to identify the yeast in morphology, biochemistry, and molecular test based on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). Isolation of  yeast  was  performed by growing on  medium PDA and chloramphenicol. Identification was done through biochemical test by looking at the capabilities in the fermentation of carbohydrate and the abilities to grow on a medium to high osmotic pressure. Molecular identification was done using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. The result showed that isolate IK-2 yeast from the soursop fruit juice had a distinctive form round to oval, prominent elevation, the colour creamy white, form a buds, able to ferment glucose and sucrose, but not able to ferment lactose, as well as being able to grow on media with glucose level 50 %. Molecular analysis of the ITS region using ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and phylogenetic analysis using Neighbor Joining. The result of the Basic Local Alignment Tools (BLAST) showed that the isolate had 95% homology with Candida tropicalis. Key Words : Yeast, Soursop (Annona muricata L.), Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS)
Produksi Pigmen Kapang Monascus sp. dari Angkak pada Substrat Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays) dengan Variasi Ukuran Substrat dan Kadar Air Sesaria Esa Sekar Ardini; Agung Suprihadi; MG Isworo Rukmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 4 Oktober 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Natural dyes in food industry is more demand so its pushes eforts for developing the production. Monascus is one of fungi that is potentially used for anka production that used in industrial products such as meat, fish, soy sauce, and liquor. The aim of this study was to produce pigment from Monascus using corncob with 35 mesh (<0,5 mm), 18 mesh (0,6-1 mm), 10 mesh (1,1-2 mm) particle size substrate and 20%, 40%, 60% moisture content. The production of Monascus sp. pigments made of solid-state fermentation and  incubated for  14 days. The parameters observed were pigment production and biomass. Analysis of pigment using spektrophotometer with wavelength (λ)  of 500 nm as well as biomass analysis by measuring N-acetyl glucosamin. The results of analysis showed that particle with size 0,6-1 mm from the substrates and with 20% and 40% moisture content was the best condition in process of pigment production using corncob substrate. The production of pigment from fungi with substrate with size 18 mesh ((0,6-1 mm) in 20% moisture content reached 1,1 CVU (Color Value Unit)/ml, and  in 40% moisture content reached 1,07 CVU/ml. The highest biomass was reached on 10 mesh (1,1-2 mm)  particle size at 20% moisture content reached 0,83 A (absorbance)/gds (gram dry substrates), 40%  reached 0,72 A/gds, and 60% reached 0,81 A/gds.Keywords: Solid-state fermentation, corncob, Monascus sp., particle size, moisture content
AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR α-GLUKOSIDASE ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT DUWET (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) Roseliana Fitri; Agung Suprihadi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Java plum known to have the ability as a diabetes drug. The essence of diabetes treatment is to maintain blood sugar levels in normal state using α-glucosidase inhibitor. Such capabilities can be obtained from endophytic mould found in java plum plant. The aim of this study is to get the best isolates that have the ability of α-glucosidase inhibitors with different carbon sources. This study uses java plum endophytic mould isolates which tested the ability of α-glucosidase inhibitor by using spectrophotometric techniques with breaking substrates to produce colored products and a variety of carbon sources such as sucrose, lactose, maltose and starch. The results of α-glucosidase inhibitor activity indicate that crude extract of isolates JB 2.3 has the best ability to produce α-glucosidase inhibitor with a percentage of 13.76% is higher than the positive control acarbose 1%. Lactose be the best carbon source with a mean inhibition of (19.27%), sucrose (13.58%), starch (12.70%), Maltose (10.76%).Keywords: α-glucosidase inhibitor, endophytic mould, java plum, diabetes melitus.

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