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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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OPTIMASI PERTUMBUHAN DAN POTENSI ANTAGONISTIK Bacillus pumilus TERHADAP PATOGEN Xanthomonas campestris SERTA IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER GEN PENYANDI PKS DAN NRPS Laila Nur Faizah; Anto Budiharjo; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Xanthomonas campestris is one of the broccoli pathogen that difficult to be eradicated. B. pumilus is a prospective biocontrol agent due to its ability to produce antibiotical subtances that inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteri and fungi. Beside that, B. pumilus have a great endurance to extreme environment by its ability to form spores. Some species of Bacillus genus have been reported to have PKS (Polyketide Synthetase) and NRPS (Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthetase) coding gene which is a mega shyntetase that have a role in the production of antibiotic subtances. This reseach aims to test the inhibitory potency of B. pumilus toward X. campestris, identify the PKS and NRPS coding gene and to knwing the optimum growth of B. pumilus on the medium with different pH and carbon source. Reseach is conducted with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications on two growth parameters that is pH and carbon source. pH treatment is conducted with pH 5, 6, 7, and 8, while carbon source treatment is conducted with glucose, fructose, and sucrose as the carbon source. The obtained result is analized with ANOVA with significant level of 95%. The result shows B. pumilus ability to inhibits the growth of X. campestris producing inhibitory zone with 1,84 mm of diameter. The reseach showed negative result in NRPS coding gene detection and a positive result in PKS coding gene. PKS coding gene identification which is analized with BLAST shows 98% homology with PKS coding gene of Bacillus subtilis HNS005. Growth optimization shows the optimum groth of B. pumilus at pH 6 and glucose as the carbon source.Keywords: biocontrol, B. pumilus, PKS, NRPS, growth optimization
Identifikasi Isolat Aspergillus sp. KRM 43 dari Madura dan Produksi Enzim Protease dengan Variasi pH dan Waktu Inkubasi Nopvita Windi Astuti; MG. Isworo Rukmi; w wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 3 Juli 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Proteases is an enzyme that has a high economic value, because they widely used for application in the field of industry.Protease can be generated from microorganisms, one of protease producer is derived from the genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus sp. KRM 43 that has isolated from alkaline soil can be predicted capable to produce alkaline protease. The purpose of this study was  to know the optimum of pH and incubation time for enzyme production from the mould. This research was conducted using a  factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with two factor i.e. a pH of 7, 8, 9 and incubation time of 5, 6, 7 days. Data collected were analyzed using Anova (α 0,05). The mould isolate were identified by observing its macroscopic and microscopic morphology. The result showed that Aspergillus sp. KRM 43 was identified as Aspergillus parasiticus. In this study showed pH treatment hadn't been  able to affect the production of protease. The highest proteases alkaline production of A. parasiticus KRM 43, found at 7 days incubation with proteases activity 2.24 U/mL and the specific activity 7.23 U/mg.Key words: Proteases, Aspergillus parasiticus, pH, incubation time
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LIMBAH KOPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.) Nimas Disri Putri; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Rini Budi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Lettuce plant is one of type of vegetable plant that has a high nutrient content consisting of protein, fat carbohydrates, calcium, and vitamins. Lettuce production in Indonesia has increased due to high demand of lettuce on the market. High production is supported by the high cultivation of lettuce. This high lettuce cultivation affects the use of fertilizer, where inorganic fertilizers are more widely used today. The use of inorganic fertilizers should be reduced because of its negative impact on the environment. Organic fertilizer is an appropriate solution to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. One of the materials that can be used as organic fertilizer is coffee waste.Coffee waste contains one of the essential nutrients in plant growth that is Nitrogen. This study aims to analyze that effect of solid and liquid coffee waste on the growth of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.). The research was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with single factor that is the concentration of coffee waste. The study consist of 7 treatments, namely 0g/kg of coffe waste, 10g/kg of solid waste,20g/kg of solid waste, 30g/kg of solid waste, 10g/100ml of liquid waste, 20g/100ml of liquid waste, and 30g/100ml with 5 repetitions. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, wet weight and dry weight of plant, root length, wet weight and dry weight of root,. Data analysis using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 95% confidence level. The results showed that coffe waste significantly affected and improved the growth of lettuce (Lactuva sativa L.). Liquid waste concentration 10g/100ml gives the best result to the growth of lettuce plant (Lactuca sativa L.).   Key words: lettuce, Lactuca sativa L., coffe waste
PENGARUH PERBEDAANKADAR LOGAM BERATKROMIUM (Cr) TERHADAPPERTUMBUHAN POPULASISpirulina platensis (Gomont) Geitler DALAM SKALA LABORATORIUM Ahmad Yusuf Afandi; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; Riche Hariyati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 3 Juli 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Industrial products such as metal and paint had generate hazardous wastes, one of then is a heavy metal Chromium (Cr). Industrial wastes containing Cr may cause many negative effects when directly discharged to environment without any prior processing. Therefore, recovery actions (remediation) is one of many ways to solve the problem. Phycoremediation is one of remediation that is simple, efficient and safe in process by using the microalgae to remediate the environment, and one of the microalgae is Spirulina platensis (Gomont) Geitler. This study was conducted to determine the effect and the removal efficiency of heavy metals Cr on Spirulina platensis culture media. The results showed there was significant influence between the administration of heavy metal Cr 1 mg/l, 3 mg/l and 5 mg/l Cr on the population growth of S. platensis. Heavy metal Cr concentration of 1 mg/l increased the growth of S. platensis, while the opposite happened when administrated with 3 mg/l and 5 mg/l. Higher concentration of heavy metal Cr on culture media decreased population of S. platensis. The culture added with heavy metal Cr concentration of 1 mg/l, 3 mg/l and 5 mg/l on the 7 days treatment were able to decrease heavy metal Cr level respectively 35%, 14% and 8%. Thus, the longer treatment days the bigger decrease percentage concentration of heavy metal Cr. Keywords: Cr, phycoremediation, microlagae, Spirulina platensis
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu dan Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Selulase dari Bakteri Serratia marcescens Laily Kurniawati; Endang Kusdiyantini; Wijanarka Wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 1 Januari 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Enzim merupakan biokatalisator didalam sel hidup disaat sel melakukan metabolisme. Semua makhluk hidup di dunia ini menghasilkan enzim, baik manusia, hewan, tumbuhan dan mikroorganisme. Salah satu bakteri yang berpotensi menghasilkan enzim selulase (EC 3.2.1.4)  adalah Serratia marcescens. Bakteri ini dapat diisolasi dari air, tanah, dan saluran pencernaan.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis enzim yang dihasilkan oleh S. marcescens, mengkaji pengaruh suhu dan waktu inkubasi terhadap aktivitas enzim terpilih. Uji jenis enzim secara kualitatif ditentukan dengan menumbuhkan S. marcescens pada medium selektif amilolitik, selulolitik, pektinolitik dan kitinolitik berdasarkan zona bening. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor pertama adalah waktu inkubasi (T) yaitu 4 jam (T4), 8 jam (T8), dan 12 jam (T12). Faktor kedua perlakuan suhu inkubasi (S) yaitu 40oC (S1), 50oC (S2), dan 60oC (S3). Masing – masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Anova (α=0,05). Apabila berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji T (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa S. marcescens secara kualitatif hanya menghasilkan zona bening pada medium selulolitik yaitu sebesar 5,1 mm. Hasil Anova menunjukkan bahwa suhu inkubasi (S), interaksi antara waktu inkubasi (T) dan suhu inkubasi (S) tidak terdapat pengaruh terhadap aktivitas selulase, sedangkan waktu inkubasi (T) memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas selulase diperoleh pada waktu inkubasi 12 jam (T12) dengan nilai 0,27 U/mL.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI MOLASE TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR PADA AKUARIUM IKAN BANDENG Meiza Putri; Fuad Muhammad; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Sapto Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

In 2013, the national aquaculture production is targeted to support the 14.8 million tons. One kultivan cultivated namely milkfish (Chanos chanos). Artificial feeding may lead to excessive tercernanya can not feed the fish, so that the necessary alternative fermented feed for fish growth. This study aims to assess the effect of several concentrations of molasses to the growth of fish. Research conducted in last August until October 2015. The method used is feeding pellets as much as 1 gram. Giving fermented feed ( molasses ) of 0 % , 2 % , 5 % and 7 % with three replications at 08.00 am today and measurement media quality water on the logs do every single week. Measurements were made using a DO meter, pH meter, thermometer and measuring Ammonia No3, No2, Fosfart, alkalinity and Tom were analyzed at the Laboratory of Physics - Chemistry BBPBAP. Analysis of the data used is using ANOVA test and Duncan Multile Range Test (DMRT). Results showed the effect of several concentrations Award (molasses) containing the bacteria Bacillus sp. and the most optimal pellet feed to the media quality of water present in a concentration of 2%. This is due to the lower molasses, can be absorbed by the fish so it is not the piling at the base of the aquarium. While the concentration of 5% and 7% are less than optimal. It thus allegedly because the feed is too much carbohydrates, can increase the potential for growth of pathogenic bacteria in the bottom of the aquarium
UJI KEMAMPUAN PRODUKSI SITOKININ OLEH RHIZOBAKTERI Tri Wijiastuti; Agung Suprihadi; Baedah Rupaedah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 2 April 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Plant growth regulators have a role in the process of growth and development of a plant. One of the Plant growth regulators which play an important role in process of growth and development is cytokinin. Cytokinin are able to stimulate division and cell enlargement, accelerate formation of organs, delay aging of various types of plants, and increase number and size of leaves. The utilization of rhizobacteria which is capable in producing cytokinin as a basic component of biological fertilizer has a very important role in improving the growth of plants. This research aims to select the capability of rhizobacteria isolates which are able to produce cytokinin and determine morphological characteristics and biochemical characteristics of potential rhizobacteria isolates as a cytokinin producer. The research was conducted at the Laboratory Agromikrobiologi, Biotechnology Research Center, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Puspitek, Serpong. The research procedure was rhizobacteria cultivation and extraction of cytokinin from rhizobacteria culture, then detect cytokinin using the method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the isolates which were capable to producing cytokinin was Jember 2.2 with a concentration of 92 mg L-1 and expected as Pseudomonas genus bacteria. Keywords : biofertilizers, rhizobacteria, cytokinin.
KOMUNITAS BAKTERI RHIZOSFER TEH MELALUI APLIKASI BIOIMUNIZER (Chryseobacterium sp. dan Alcaligenes sp.) DENGAN METODE TERMINAL RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM (T-RFLP) Elin Savitri Aviani; Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Siti Nur Jannah; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 4 Oktober 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Types of bacteria from the rhizosphere communities actually have been developed as bioimunizer but their consistency is still need further experiment about indigenous bacteria associated with rhizosphere of plants. This study aims to identification on the tea plant rhizosphere bacterial communities which in previous studies has been infected with E. vexans Massee and given bioimunizer as well as the checking existence Chryseobacterium sp. and Alcaligenes sp. The result research showed that communities of bacteria on control samples obtained through culturing Bacillus sp. (51.91%), Acidobacteria bacterium (39.42%) and Actinobacteria sp. (8.66%). Control sample through metagenom obtained Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (5.80%), Bacillus sp. (42.55%), Acidobacteria bacterium (23.45%) and Actinobacteria sp. (28.20%). Communities of bacteria in the samples treated by culturing obtained Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (3.58%), Bacillus sp. (30.76%), Pseudomonas sp. (5.55%) Acidobacteria bacterium (13.94%) and Actinobacteria sp. (46.16%). Communities of bacteria in the samples treated by metagenom found Bacillus sp. (10.66%), Acidobacteria bacterium (4.22%), Actinobacteria sp. (5.48%), Uncultured bacterium (1.49%), Alcaligenes sp. (36.95%) and Chryseobacterium sp. (46.82%). The existence of Alcaligenes sp. and Chryseobacterium sp. show consistency bioimunizer composition is applied. Communities of bacteria on metagenom have diversity and evenness level higher than the culturing approach. Keywords: bacterial communities, T-RFLP, Chryseobacterium sp., Alcaligenes sp.
Pengaruh Rendaman Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes [Mart.] Solms) Terhadap Daya Predasi Mesocyclop jakartensis Alekseev Dheanda Absarina; Rully Rahadian; mochamad Hadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 1 Januari 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Aedes aegypti has been reported as vectors of diseases, including dengue fever (dengue hemorrhagic fever) and Chikungunya. Various efforts have been done to overcome A. aegypti either physically, chemically and biologically control. However, these efforts have not been successful in reducing the density of the vector. The objectives of this study was to compare predation of M. jakartensis on A. aegypti mosquito larvae in several type of water i.e., well water (control), hyacinth infusion and hay infusion. The research method used complete randomized factorial design. Its effect on predation capability test of M. jakartensis used bioassay method on 25 initial instar larvae and 5 individuals of M. jakartensis. Predation capabilities test was analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Correlation of the chemical factors on capabilities of M. jakartensis predation on the treatments was analyzed statistically using the Spearman test. The results show that predation capabilities of                      M. jakartensis on A. aegypti larvae are as follows, control > Hyacinth (3: 7) > Hay (1: 9) > Hyacinth (1:9). The percentage of predation for each treatment are 93,3; 72,0; 66,7 and 64,0%, respectively. Statistically, predation capabilities of M. jakartensis on A. aegypti larvae in each treatmens is not significantly different (P > 0.05). Hyacinth infusion is unproven in improving the predation of M. jakartensis on A. aegypti larvae, but it does not inhibit capabilities of M. jakartensis predation.  Keywords : Aedes aegypti, Eichhornia crassipes, Mesocyclop jakartensis
KEANEKARAGAMAN MOLUSKA TERESTRIAL DI JALUR PENDAKIAN SELO TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERBABU, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI, JAWA TENGAH Larosi Nufikri Garmellia; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Fuad Muhammad
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 3 Juli 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Terrestrial mollusc is one of the most important basic component in a terrestrial ecosystem and has an important role in forest ecosystem. Ecologically, they could be an indicator to determine the habitat.This research located in Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu especially Selo Track give some informations for biodiversity and conservation purpose. This research was conducted on November 2016 until January 2017. For research method, it usedpurposive sampling method for select survey location and stratified random sampling with diagonal plot area of 10m x 10m for sampling method. The data analysis used Shannon-Wienner diversity index (H’) and evenness index (e).Results found the total species obtained 43 species of 11 Famili. The most Common speciesfound were, Diplommatina perpusilla, Helicarion albellus, Microcystina exigua and Landouria smironensis. Diversity index (H') ranged from 0.75-2.57whichcategorized for low to moderate. Evenness index value (e) range 0,41-0,77 whichcategorized for  moderate to high.  Keyword:Diversity,Terrestrial Mollusks, TNGMb

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