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Journal of Nutrition College
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 23376236     EISSN : 2622884X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Nutrition College (P-ISSN : 2337-6236; E-ISSN : 2622-884X) diterbitkan oleh Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro sebagai media publikasi artikel-artikel ilmiah dalam biang Ilmu Gizi dengan skala terbit 4 kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada Januari, April, Juli, dan Oktober.
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Articles 734 Documents
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KORELASI KUALITAS DIET DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PENYINTAS COVID-19 DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS Baiti Kinasih; Ani Margawati; Annastasia Ediati
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i2.50902

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global population and various aspects of life. Although the infection can be cured, COVID-19 may cause long-term effects on the health of patients who have been declared virus-free. The quality of life of COVID-19 survivors has been reported to remain relatively low. Nutritional factors could play a role in the recovery process.Objectives: evaluating the correlation between diet quality and quality of life in COVID-19 survivors.Methods: a cross-sectional study involving 96 COVID-19 survivors aged over 18 years was conducted in Banyumas Regency, Central Java. Data collection took place two years following the post-infection phase. Quality of life was assessed using the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF. Diet quality was measured using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). We evaluated dietary intake using SQ-FFQ and analyzed it with NutriSurvey software. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were applied to analyze the data, using IBM Statistic SPSS version 23.Results The physical and psychological domains of quality of life among COVID-19 survivors had lower median scores compared to the social and environmental domains. Most of survivors (83.3%) had poor diet quality. Intake of vegetables, fiber, and calcium was below daily recommendations, while fat intake was excessive, resulting in an imbalance in macronutrient and micronutrient ratios. There was a positive correlation between overall diet quality scores, including dietary diversity, nutrient adequacy (particularly fruit and fiber intake), and nutrient balance. Conversely, intake of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and empty calorie foods showed a negative correlation with quality of life.Conclusion: Nutrient intake plays a contributory role in the rehabilitation process of COVID-19 survivors. Greater attention should be given to the dietary patterns and types of foods consumed by this population.Keywords : diet quality; nutrition; quality of life; COVID-19 survivor. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: pandemi COVID-19 berdampak besar terhadap populasi dunia dan berbagai aspek kehidupan. Meskipun bisa disembuhkan, infeksi COVID-19 dapat menimbulkan efek jangka panjang pada kesehatan pasien yang dinyatakan terbebas dari virus. Kualitas hidup penyintas COVID-19 dilaporkan masih tergolong rendah. Faktor gizi mungkin berperan dalam proses penyembuhan penyakit. Tujuan: mengevaluasi korelasi kualitas diet dengan kualitas hidup pada penyintas COVID-19.Metode: studi potong lintang yang melibatkan 96 partisipan berusia >18 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah, pada penyintas COVID-19 pascainfeksi 2 tahun. Kualitas hidup dinilai dengan WHOQOL-BREF versi Indonesia. Kualitas diet diukur dengan Diet Quality Index International (DQI-I). Asupan makanan dihitung dengan instrumen SQ-FFQ dengan bantuan software nutrisurvey. Uji korelasi pearson dan spearman digunakan untuk analisis data, dengan bantuan software IBM Statistic SPSS 23.Hasil: kualitas hidup penyintas COVID-19 pada domain fisik dan psikis memiliki median yang lebih rendah dari domain sosial dan lingkungan. Kualitas diet penyintas COVID-19 sebagian besar (83,3%) tergolong rendah. Asupan sayur, serat, dan kalsium kurang dari rekomendasi harian. Asupan lemak responden tinggi, sehingga rasio asupan makronutrien dan mikronutrien tidak seimbang. Terdapat korelasi positif antara skor total kualitas diet, keragaman pangan, kecukupan asupan zat gizi yang berasal dari asupan buah dan serat, dan keseimbangan zat gizi, dengan kualitas hidup penyintas COVID-19. Sebaliknya, asupan lemak total, lemak jenuh, kolesterol, dan makanan rendah gizi, berkorelasi negatif dengan kualitas hidup.Simpulan: asupan zat gizi terbukti berkontribusi terhadap proses rehabilitasi penyintas COVID-19. Perlu adanya perhatian lebih pada pola makan dan jenis asupan yang dikonsumsi penyintas COVID-19.Kata Kunci : Kualitas diet; gizi; kualitas hidup; penyintas COVID-19
DINAMIKA DAN DISPARITAS AKSES PANGAN PADA REMAJA DALAM KONTEKS LINGKUNGAN OBESOGENIK: TINJAUAN NARATIF TENTANG DETERMINAN SOSIO-EKONOMI DAN STRUKTURAL Paula Agung Widyastuti; Etika Ratna Noer; Nuryanto Nuryanto
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i2.53292

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground:. Adolescent obesity has risen significantly in developing countries alongside socio-economic changes, urbanization, and nutrition transition. Inequities in food access, both in availability and quality, contribute to dietary shifts among adolescents toward high-energy, nutrient-poor foods.Objective: To identify the dynamics and disparities in food access among adolescents in obesogenic environments by examining the role of socio-economic and structural determinants influencing dietary behaviors.Methods: This narrative review involved literature searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2015 to 2025. Keywords were applied in both English and Indonesian, focusing on adolescent food access, obesogenic environments, and socio-economic determinants.Results: Household income, educational level, and social norms influence food affordability and preferences, whereas food outlet distribution, school policies, and food prices determine the availability of healthy options. These determinants interact to reinforce obesogenic cycles, particularly among low-income groups facing both economic and environmental barriers.Conclusion: Preventing adolescent obesity demands coordinated policies that enhance food access and nutrition education. This review highlights the role of structural inequities in shaping adolescent diets and the need for systemic responses.Keywords: Adolescent obesity; eating behavior; food access; obesogenic environment; socio economic ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Obesitas remaja meningkat secara signifikan di negara berkembang seiring perubahan sosial ekonomi, urbanisasi, dan transisi gizi. Ketimpangan akses pangan dari segi ketersediaan, maupun kualitas berkontribusi pada pergeseran pola makan remaja menuju konsumsi makanan tinggi energi dan rendah gizi.Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dinamika dan ketimpangan akses pangan pada remaja di lingkungan obesogenik dengan menelaah peran determinan sosial-ekonomi dan struktural yang memengaruhi perilaku konsumsi pangan.Metode: Tinjauan naratif dilakukan melalui pencarian literatur pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar, mencakup publikasi tahun 2015–2025. Kata kunci digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia terkait akses pangan remaja, lingkungan obesogenik, dan determinan sosial ekonomi.Hasil: Pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan, dan norma sosial memengaruhi keterjangkauan serta preferensi pangan sedangkan variasi outlet, kebijakan sekolah, dan harga pangan menentukan ketersediaan pilihan sehat. Kedua faktor ini berinteraksi menciptakan siklus obesogenik, terutama pada kelompok sosial ekonomi rendah yang menghadapi hambatan ekonomi dan lingkungan.Kesimpulan: Pencegahan obesitas remaja membutuhkan pendekatan multi-level melalui kebijakan distribusi pangan, intervensi komunitas, regulasi pemasaran, dan edukasi gizi untuk memastikan akses pangan yang merata dan berkelanjutan. Kajian ini memberikan kontribusi memahami ketidaksetaraan struktural membentuk pola makan remaja dan menyoroti perlunya kebijakan yang bersifat sistemik.Kata kunci: Akses pangan; lingkungan obesogenik; obesitas remaja; perilaku makan; sosial ekonomi
HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS GIZI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS DENGAN HEMODIALISA DI RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN Rahmi Yulia Munthe; Ira Dewi Ramadhani; Windi Indah Fajar Ningsih; Erike Septa Prautami
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i2.53185

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease with increasing prevalence in Indonesia and globally. Hemodialysis therapy for end-stage CKD can prolong life expectancy, but it impacts patients' quality of life. Nutritional status is known to influence the quality of life of hemodialysis patients, but previous research has shown discrepancies.Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at Mohammad Hoesin Central General Hospital.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with 49 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through body mass index (BMI) measurements and the KDQOL-SF 1.3 questionnaire. Nutritional status was categorized as good and malnourished, while quality of life was classified as good and poor. Bivariate analysis used Chi-Square test.Results: The majority of respondents were female, unemployed, had undergone hemodialysis for >1 year, were on hemodialysis twice a week for more than >4 hours, had a good nutritional status (71,4%), and a good quality of life (73,5%). There was a significant relationship between nutritional status and quality of life (p = 0,004), with a PR value of 2,000 (95% CI: 1,076–3,717), indicating that patients with good nutritional status were twice as likely to have a good quality of life compared to malnourished patients.Conclusion: Nutritional status is significantly associated with the quality of life of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on hemodialysis. Optimal nutritional management is a crucial aspect in improving the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; hemodialysis; quality of life; nutritional status ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Gagal Ginjal Kronis (GGK) merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang prevalensinya meningkat di Indonesia dan dunia. Terapi hemodialisa sebagai penanganan GGK stadium akhir dapat memperpanjang harapan hidup, namun berdampak pada kualitas hidup pasien. Status gizi diketahui berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa, tetapi hasil penelitian sebelumnya masih menunjukkan kesenjangan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status gizi dengan kualitas hidup pasien GGK dengan hemodialisa di RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 49 orang yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan kuesioner KDQOL-SF 1.3. Status gizi dikategorikan menjadi normal dan malnutrisi, sedangkan kualitas hidup dikategorikan menjadi baik dan buruk. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Hasil: Mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan, tidak bekerja, sudah melakukan hemodialisa >1 tahun, melakukan hemodialisa 2 kali seminggu dengan durasi >4 jam, memiliki status gizi normal (71,4%) dan kualitas hidup baik (73,5%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan kualitas hidup (p = 0,004), dengan nilai PR = 2,000 (CI 95%: 1,076–3,717), menunjukkan bahwa pasien dengan status gizi normal berpeluang dua kali lebih besar untuk memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik dibandingkan pasien malnutrisi.Simpulan: Status gizi berhubungan signifikan dengan kualitas hidup pasien GGK yang menjalani hemodialisa. Manajemen gizi yang optimal menjadi aspek penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa.Kata Kunci : Gagal ginjal kronis; hemodialisa; kualitas hidup; status gizi
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DAN POLA KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3 TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL PADA PEGAWAI DI YOGYAKARTA Alfi Nur'aini; Adhila Fayasari
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i2.52951

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Office workers with a sedentary lifestyle are at risk of elevated total cholesterol levels. Excess Body Mass Index (BMI) and low omega-3 intake have the potential to affect lipid balance in the blood. Omega-3 intake plays an important role in maintaining normal lipid profiles and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and omega-3 fatty acid intake patterns with total cholesterol levels among employees in Yogyakarta. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design with a total of 158 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), height and weight measurements, and cholesterol level examination using a cholesterol meter. Statistical analyses used were the Spearman rank test and Chi-square test. Results: The majority of respondents had high total cholesterol levels (63.9%), excessive BMI (70.3%), and low omega-3 intake (78.5%). There was no significant relationship between BMI and total cholesterol levels (p=0.560). However, there was a significant relationship between omega-3 intake and total cholesterol levels (p=0.024; OR=2.25), indicating that respondents with low omega-3 intake had a 2.25 times higher risk of having high cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between BMI and total cholesterol levels among employees in Yogyakarta. However, there was a significant relationship between omega-3 intake and total cholesterol levels. These findings highlight the importance of increasing omega-3 intake as a preventive measure against dyslipidemia in office workers.Keywords : BMI; omega-3; office workers; total cholesterol ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Pegawai perkantoran dengan gaya hidup sedentari berisiko mengalami peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dalam darah. Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) yang berlebih dan pola konsumsi omega-3 yang rendah berpotensi dapat mempengaruhi keseimbangan kadar lipid dalam darah. Asupan omega-3 berperan penting dalam menjaga profil lipid tetap normal dan menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan pola konsumsi asam lemak omega-3 terhadap kadar kolesterol total pada pegawai di Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah responden 158 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), pengukuran tinggi badan dan berat badan, serta pemeriksaan kolesterol dengan alat cholesterol meter. Analisis statistik yang digunakan yaitu uji spearman-rank dan chi-square. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden memiliki kadar kolesterol total tinggi (63,9%), IMT berlebih (70,3%), dan pola konsumsi omega-3 rendah (78.5%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dan kadar kolesterol total (p=0,560). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola konsumsi omega-3  dan kadar kolesterol total (p=0,024; OR=2,25), menunjukkan bahwa responden dengan asupan omega-3 yang kurang memiliki risiko 2,25 kali lebih besar memiliki kolesterol tinggi. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara IMT dan kadar kolesterol total pada pegawai di Yogyakarta. Terdapat hubungan antara pola konsumsi omega-3 dan kadar kolesterol total pada pegawai di Yogyakarta. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya peningkatan konsumsi omega-3 sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap dislipidemia pada pegawai kantoran.Kata Kunci : IMT; kolesterol total; omega-3; pegawai kantoran
PERAN DIETARY INFLAMMATORY INDEX DAN KOMPOSISI LEMAK TUBUH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KADAR TNF ALPHA PADA INDIVIDU OBESITAS: TINJAUAN NARATIF Dian Novita; Adriyan Pramono; Ninik Rustanti; Etika Ratna Noer; Nyoman Suci Widyastiti
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i1.49380

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity is a global health issue associated with low-grade chronic inflammation due to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α). TNF-α plays a role in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disorders in obese individuals. Additionally, diet contributes to inflammation, which can be measured using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). A higher DII score indicates a pro-inflammatory diet, which is linked to elevated TNF-α levels. Body fat distribution, especially visceral fat accumulation, also contributes to the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines;Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between a pro-inflammatory diet, body fat composition, and TNF-α levels in obese individuals;Methode: This study employs a narrative review approach by gathering data from various national and international articles. The search was conducted through multiple databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. Data were retrieved using selected keywords such as Dietary Inflammatory Index, body fat composition, TNF-α, and obesity in adults;Results: The review results indicate that a high DII diet, characterized by high consumption of sugar, saturated fats, and low fiber intake, contributes to increased inflammation. Meanwhile, body fat distribution, particularly visceral fat, also triggers TNF-α production, exacerbating chronic inflammatory conditions;Conclusion: The interaction between diet and body fat composition indicates that obese individuals with a pro-inflammatory diet have a higher risk of persistent systemic inflammation. Therefore, intervention strategies that prioritize an anti-inflammatory diet and proper body fat management are crucial in reducing TNF-α levels and preventing obesity-related health complications;Keywords: Body fat composition; dietary inflammatory index; inflammation; obesity in adults; TNF-α ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang ditandai dengan akumulasi lemak tubuh berlebih dan berisiko menimbulkan komplikasi metabolik. Salah satu mekanisme penting yang mendasari komplikasi tersebut adalah inflamasi kronis tingkat rendah, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar sitokin pro-inflamasi seperti TNF-α. Pola makan yang bersifat pro-inflamasi diketahui dapat meningkatkan respon inflamasi tubuh, termasuk kadar TNF-α. Selain itu, komposisi lemak tubuh terutama tingginya massa lemak juga berperan dalam meningkatkan produksi sitokin tersebut. Meski masing-masing faktor ini sudah pernah diteliti, masih sedikit penelitian yang melihat hubungan antara pola makan, lemak tubuh, dan kadar TNF-α secara bersamaan pada orang yang obesitas;Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara pola makan pro-inflamasi, komposisi lemak tubuh dan kadar TNF-α pada individu obesitas;Metode:  Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan naratif dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai artikel nasional dan internasional. Pencarian dilakukan melalui beberapa databese seperti Google Scolar, PubMed, dan Science Direct dan Researchgate. Data dicari dengan menggunakan beberapa kata kunci terpilih seperti Dietary Inflammatory Index, body fat compotition, TNF-α, dan obesity in adults;Hasil: Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pola makan dengan nilai DII tinggi yang ditandai dengan konsumsi tinggi gula, lemak jenuh, dan tendah serat, berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan peradangan. Sementara itu, distribusi lemak tubuh terutama lemak viseral juga memicu produksi TNF-α yang memperparah kondisi inflamasi kronis;Simpulan: Interaksi antara pola makan dan komposisi lemak tubuh ini menunjukkan bahwa individu obesitas dengan pola makan pro-inflamasi memiliki risiko lebih tinggi terhadap inflamasi sistemik yang berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, strategi intervensi yang mengedepankan pola makan anti-inflamasi dan pengelolaan komposisi lemak tubuh sangat penting dalam mengurangi kadar TNF-α dan mencegah komplikasi kesehatan terkait obesitas;Kata Kunci: Dietary inflammatory index; inflamasi; komposisi lemak tubuh; obesitas dewasa; TNF-α
APPLICATION OF THE HEALTH BELIEF MODEL IN NUTRITION EDUCATION TO IMPROVE HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS OF PREGNANT WOMEN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS Yusnia Nur Aziizah; Choirul Anna Nur Afifah; Maulidah Ayunintyas; Fatimah Nur Fadilah; Trias Mahmudiono; Dini Ririn Andreas; Sigit Ari Saputro
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i3.55628

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Anemia is a common complication during pregnancy and poses a global public health risk and a threat to both maternal and infant health. Nutrition education interventions influenced by the Health Belief Model (HBM) have been able to improve health behaviors and increase hemoglobin levels.Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine if HBM-based nutrition education interventions are effective in increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women.Methods: Randomized controlled trials that HBM nutrition education interventions and hemoglobin levels in pregnant women were located in the literature and reviewed. Five out of the determined studies were selected. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the mean difference in hemoglobin levels of the intervention and control groups.Results: All studies included showed HBM-based interventions is a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels in women. The mean difference is an increase of 1.35 g/dL (95% CI: 0.52 to 2.17) which is an increase of a clinically significant number. High levels of heterogeneity were noted based on the differences in participant characteristics, and the intervention's duration and intensity. There was no significant evidence of publication bias.Conclusions: Based on the Health Belief Model, nutrition education interventions positively impact the increase of pregnant women’s hemoglobin levels. This model has helped improve the adherence of women to iron supplements and dietary changes, which decreases the severity of anemia during pregnancy. There is a need for future studies to focus on the specific components of the interventions to determine the effects on long-term outcomes to enable the studies to be used in various situations.Keywords: Health belief model; nutrition education; anemia; hemoglobin; pregnancy; systematic review; meta-analysis
EFEK VITAMIN D TERHADAP KADAR HbA1c PADA T2DM : NARATIF REVIEW Ihda Hanifatun Nisa; Etika Ratna Noer; Adriyan Pramono; Ahmad Syauqy; I Edward Kurnia Setiawan Limijadi
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i1.49638

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance with HbA1c as the main indicator. Vitamin D plays a role in glucose metabolism through modulation of insulin sensitivity and anti-inflammatory effects, but the relationship between vitamin D and HbA1c still shows varied results. Objective: This review aims to analyze the effect of vitamin D on HbA1c levels in T2DM patients based on published studies. Methods: This study is a narrative review was conducted by searching databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar over the past 10 years. Screening using Mendeley application yielded 10 articles meeting the criteria. Variables studied included HbA1c levels, simple carbohydrate intake, fiber intake, vitamin D intake, and oral hypoglycemic agent adherence.Results Several studies show that vitamin D can reduce HbA1c levels through increased insulin sensitivity and reduced inflammation. However, other studies report no significant effect of vitamin D on HbA1c, especially in individuals with sufficient vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Vitamin D potentially plays a role in controlling HbA1c levels in T2DM patients, especially in individuals with vitamin D deficiency. Further research with more rigorous designs is still needed to confirm the effect of vitamin D on HbA1c.Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c; inflammation; insulin sensitivity; vitamin d  ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (T2DM) ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan resistensi insulin dengan HbA1c sebagai indikator utama. Vitamin D berperan dalam metabolisme glukosa melalui modulasi sensitivitas insulin dan efek anti-inflamasi, namun hubungan antara vitamin D dan HbA1c masih menunjukkan hasil bervariasi. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek vitamin D terhadap kadar HbA1c pada penderita T2DM berdasarkan studi yang telah dipublikasikan. Metode: Tinjauan naratif dilakukan dengan menelusuri basis data PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Screening menggunakan aplikasi Mendeley menghasilkan 10 artikel yang sesuai kriteria. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi kadar HbA1c, asupan karbohidrat sederhana, asupan serat, asupan vitamin D, dan kepatuhan minum OHO. Hasil: Beberapa studi menunjukkan vitamin D dapat menurunkan kadar HbA1c melalui peningkatan sensitivitas insulin dan pengurangan peradangan. Namun, beberapa penelitian lain melaporkan tidak ada efek signifikan dari vitamin D terhadap HbA1c, terutama pada individu dengan kadar vitamin D cukup. Kesimpulan: Vitamin D berpotensi berperan dalam pengendalian kadar HbA1c pada penderita T2DM, terutama pada individu dengan defisiensi vitamin D. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan desain lebih ketat masih diperlukan untuk memastikan efek vitamin D terhadap HbA1c.Kata Kunci: Diabetes mellitus tipe 2; HbA1c; inflamasi; sensitivitas insulin; vitamin d  
A SCOPING REVIEW OF PARENTAL DETERMINANTS OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES Jusrawati Jusrawati; Endang Koni Suryaningsih
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i3.53743

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting in children under five is a critical global health issue, particularly in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The aetiology is complex, and parental characteristics are recognised as key determinants. However, a comprehensive synthesis of this evidence is limited.Objective: This scoping review aims to synthesise and map the available scientific evidence on the parental determinants of stunting in children under five in LMICs.Method: The review followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework. A systematic search was conducted across four databases for English-language research articles published between 2015 and 2025. After screening, 19 articles (1 qualitative, 18 quantitative) were included for analysis.Results: The literature synthesis identified three main categories of parental determinants: socio-demographic factors (education, socioeconomic status), biological and psychosocial factors (maternal nutritional status, mental health), and caregiving practices (exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding). The majority of studies were cross-sectional, establishing a strong association between these factors and stunting.Conclusion: Stunting is profoundly influenced by the complex interaction of various parental characteristics. These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to stunting prevention that goes beyond child nutrition to focus on parental empowerment. Policy interventions should prioritise improving nutritional literacy, providing socioeconomic support, and enhancing maternal mental health care.Keywords: Stunting; parental determinants; children under five; scoping review; LMICs
POTENSI HIDROLISAT PROTEIN IKAN DALAM KONTROL GLUKOSA DARAH DAN NAFSU MAKAN PADA OBESITAS UNTUK MENCEGAH DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Herlina Hapsari; Etika Ratna Noer; Fitriyono Ayustaningwarno
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i1.51771

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity is a metabolic disorder and one of the most critical human health issues worldwide. It can lead to an increased risk of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) has been recognized as a potential source of bioactive peptides that may aid in regulating blood glucose homeostasis and appetite management in obese individuals, hence potentially decreasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.Objective: To explore the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on blood glucose control and appetite regulation, and to analyze its impact on weight loss in obese individuals to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A literature review of five databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The keywords related to type 2 diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, fish protein hydrolysate, obesity, bioactive peptides and satiety with inclusion criteria of articles in English published in the last decade (2015–2025). Results: Through disruptions in insulin sensitivity and satiety signals, glucose dysfunction and appetite dysregulation in obese individuals significantly contribute to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mechanism of action of fish protein hydrolysate (HPI) has been shown to help regulate appetite and glucose homeostasis by stimulating satiety hormones such as GLP-1 and increasing the availability of certain amino acids responsible for energy metabolism.Conclusion: HPI may influence reductions in weight loss and the regulation of certain metabolic biomarkers, particularly in individuals with overweight or metabolic syndrome. However, the reported information on how HPI affects appetite regulation, digestive hormone secretion, and blood glucose control remains varied and not fully consistent.Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; blood glucose; fish protein hydrolysate; obesity; satiety ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Obesitas adalah gangguan metabolisme dan salah satu masalah manusia yang paling kritis di seluruh dunia. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan risiko penyakit metabolik, seperti diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2) dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Hidrolisat Protein Ikan (HPI) telah muncul sebagai komponen bioaktif peptida yang berpotensi dengan keuntungan potensial membantu kontrol glukosa darah dan nafsu makan  pada obesitas dan mencegah terjadinya diabetes melitus tipe 2.Tujuan: Mengeksplorasi efek hidrolisat protein ikan (HPI) pada kontrol gula darah dan regulasi nafsu makan serta menganalisis dampaknya dalam menurunkan berat badan pada penderita obesitas untuk mencegah diabetes melitus tipe 2.Metode: Tinjauan pustaka terhadap lima database: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang terkait dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2, glukosa darah, hidrolisat protein ikan, obesitas, peptida bioaktif dan rasa kenyang, dengan kriteria inklusi artikel dalam bahasa Inggris yang diterbitkan dalam satu dekade terakhir (2015–2025). Hasil: Melalui gangguan pada sensitivitas insulin dan sinyal kenyang, disfungsi glukosa dan disregulasi nafsu makan pada orang obesitas berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap peningkatan risiko DM tipe 2. Mekanisme kerja hidrolisat protein ikan (HPI) terbukti dapat membantu mengatur nafsu makan dan homeostasis glukosa dengan menstimulasi hormon kenyang seperti GLP-1 dan meningkatkan ketersediaan asam amino tertentu yang bertanggung jawab atas metabolisme energi.Simpulan: HPI dapat mempengaruhi penurunan berat badan dan pengaturan biomarker metabolik tertentu, terutama pada orang dengan kelebihan berat badan atau sindrom metabolik. Namun, informasi yang dilaporkan tentang bagaimana HPI mempengaruhi regulasi nafsu makan, sekresi hormon pencernaan, dan kontrol glukosa darah masih beragam dan belum sepenuhnya konsisten.Kata Kunci : Diabetes melitus tipe 2; glukosa darah; hidrolisat protein ikan; obesitas, rasa kenyang
PERAN FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK UMBI SARANG SEMUT (GENUS MYRMECODIA) TERHADAP POTENSINYA SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIDIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 : NARRATIVE REVIEW Yama Dharma Putera; Ahmad Syauqy
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i3.51165

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: The availability of natural plants as an alternative treatment for DMT2 is widespread in Indonesia. The genus Myrmecodia is one of the plants that has long been used as a traditional medicine by local Papuan people to cure cancer and diabetes.Objectives: This article will review studies related to the genus Myrmecodia regarding phytochemical content, its potential as an antioxidant agent and antidiabetes mellitus type 2.Methods: This narrative review synthesized 119 references from ScienceDirect, PubMed, Frontiers, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, and other respected journal publishers.Results: Ant nest/ Myrmecodia tubers have the potential as a source of antioxidants as evidenced by their antioxidant activity being classified as very strong (IC₅₀ < 50 ppm), have antidiabetic potential by being able to inhibit the α-glucosidase enzyme, improve insulin sensitivity and secretion, and protect β-cells, although specifically several specific molecular mechanisms of action are not yet known.Conclusion: Ant nest tuber has the potential as an additional therapy in type 2 diabetes to control blood sugar and provide antioxidant protection. Although preclinical data supports it, clinical research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness. Standardization of extracts and dose-response testing in humans are important next steps for the development of phytotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Keywords : Myrmecodia; ant nest; antioxidant; antidiabetes ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Ketersediaan tanaman alami sebagai alternatif pengobatan DMT2 tersebar luas di Indonesia. Genus Myrmecodia merupakan salah satu tanaman yang telah lama digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional masyarakat lokal Papua untuk menyembuhkan kanker dan diabetes.Tujuan: Artikel ini akan mengulas studi yang berkaitan dengan genus Myrmecodia mengenai kandungan fitokimia, potensinya sebagai agen antioksidan dan antidiabetes melitus tipe 2.Metode: Sumber informasi ilmiah mengambil 119 referensi yang berasal dari database literatur ilmiah online, termasuk Science Direct, PubMed, Frontiers, Springer, Google Scholar dan penerbit jurnal lain yang terkemuka.Hasil: Umbi sarang semut/Myrmecodia menunjukkan potensi sebagai sumber antioksidan yang dilaporkan dengan aktivitas antioksidannya tergolong sangat kuat (IC₅₀ < 50 ppm), memiliki potensi antidiabetes dengan cara mampu menghambat kerja enzim α-glukosidase, memperbaiki sensitivitas serta sekresi insulin, dan melindungi sel-β, meski secara spesifik beberapa mekanisme kerja molekuler secara spesifik belum diketahui.Simpulan: Umbi sarang semut/Myrmecodia berpotensi sebagai terapi tambahan pada diabetes tipe 2 untuk mengontrol gula darah dan memberikan perlindungan antioksidan. Meski data praklinis mendukung, diperlukan penelitian klinis untuk mengkonfirmasi keamanan dan efektivitasnya. Standardisasi ekstrak dan uji dosis-respons pada manusia menjadi langkah penting berikutnya untuk pengembangan fitoterapi diabetes melitus tipe 2.Kata Kunci: Myrmecodia; sarang semut; antioksidan; antidiabetes; spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS)

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