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HUBUNGAN DIETARY ACID LOAD DENGAN KEJADIAN SARKOPENIA DAN HIPERTENSI PADA ORANG DEWASA DI SEMARANG Elsa Pavita; Himmatunnisak Mahmudah; Anindya Nurul Kusuma Dewi
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i3.55333

ABSTRACTBackground: Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, and hypertension, characterized by elevated blood pressure, are prevalent health concerns globally. Both conditions are influenced by various factors, including nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for sarcopenia and hypertension, focusing on dietary acid load.Objectives: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted at health centers in Semarang City from February to March 2024. A purposive sampling technique selected 152 participants aged 40-80 years.Methods: Data were collected through interviews, medical records, and physical measurements, including dietary intake, muscle mass, and blood pressure.Results: The results revealed a significant relationship between dietary acid load and sarcopenia (p = 0.036, OR = 1.988), indicating that a high acid load doubles the risk of sarcopenia. However, no significant association was found between dietary acid load and hypertension (p = 0.353, OR = 1.357).Conclusion: These findings suggest that while dietary acid load significantly impacts muscle health, its effect on blood pressure may involve more complex mechanisms. Effective dietary interventions could potentially mitigate the risk of sarcopenia and improve muscle health outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the detailed mechanisms linking dietary acid load and hypertension.Keywords : Sarcopenia; hypertension; dietary acid load, elderly population ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Sarkopenia, hilangnya massa dan kekuatan otot secara progresif, dan hipertensi, yang ditandai dengan tekanan darah tinggi, merupakan masalah kesehatan yang umum terjadi di seluruh dunia. Kedua kondisi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk status gizi.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko sarkopenia dan hipertensi, dengan fokus pada beban asam makanan.Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dilakukan di puskesmas di Kota Semarang dari bulan Februari sampai Maret 2024. Teknik purposive sampling memilih 152 partisipan berusia 40–80 tahun.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara beban asam makanan dan sarkopenia (p = 0,036, OR = 1,988), yang menunjukkan bahwa beban asam yang tinggi menggandakan risiko sarkopenia. Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara beban asam makanan dan hipertensi (p = 0,353, OR = 1,357).Simpulan: Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun asupan asam dari makanan berdampak signifikan pada kesehatan otot, efeknya pada tekanan darah mungkin melibatkan mekanisme yang lebih kompleks. Intervensi diet yang efektif berpotensi mengurangi risiko sarkopenia dan meningkatkan hasil kesehatan otot. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme terperinci yang menghubungkan asupan asam dari makanan dan hipertensi.Kata Kunci: Sarkopenia; hipertensi; beban asam pada makanan; populasi lansia

PROFIL ANTROPOMETRI OBESITAS ANTARA MAHASISWA DENGAN METABOLIC HEALTHY OBESE (MHO) DAN METABOLIC UNHEALTHY OBESE (MUO) Fillah Fithra Dieny; Puji Rahayu; Ani Margawati; Hartanti Sandi Wijayanti; A. Fahmy Arif Tsani
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i1.47629

ABSTRACTBackground: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia continues to increase in adolescents. The increase in obesity in adolescents increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome at a young age. However, not all obese individuals have poor metabolism. Metabolism in obesity is categorized into Metabolically Healthy Obesity (MHO) and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity (MUO). Anthropometric measurements can differentiate between MHO and MUO individuals.Purpose: This study intends to analyze the differences in anthropometric profiles, including Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and thigh circumference, between students who are Metabolically Healthy Obese (MHO) and Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUO).Methode: An analytical observational study with cross-sectional design in Diponegoro University Semarang college students, 37 women with healthy obesity and 37 women with unhealthy obesity selected by purposive sampling. The collected anthropometric measurement data included WC, WHR, WHtR, and TC. The biochemical and clinical that was collected were blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in Cito Banyumanik Laboratory.Result: All samples had pre-metabolic syndrome with at least 1 sign, which is central obesity. However, the median results of measurements of waist circumference, WHR, WHtR, and thigh circumference in the MUO group were greater than the MHO group. There was a significant difference in the results of measuring waist circumference (p<0.001), WHR (p=0.012), and WHtR (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference in thigh circumference (p=0.456)Conclusion: There were significant differences in waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio in the MHO and MUO groups. There was no significant difference in thigh circumference between the MUO and MHO groups.Keywords: Waist Circumference, WHR, WHtR, Thigh Circumference, Metabolic Phenotype ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Angka obesitas di Indonesia terus meningkat pada remaja. Peningkatan obesitas pada remaja meningkatkan risiko terjadinya sindrom metabolik pada usia muda. Namun, tidak semua individu obesitas memiliki metabolisme yang buruk. Metabolisme pada obesitas dikategorikan menjadi Metabolically Healthy Obesity (MHO) dan Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity (MUO). Pengukuran antropometri dapat membedakan antara individu MHO dan MUO.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan Profil antropometri antara lain Lingkar Pinggang (LP), Rasio Lingkar Pinggang-Panggul (RLPP), Rasio Lingkar Pinggang-Tinggi Badan (RLPTB) dan lingkar paha antara mahasiswa dengan Metabolic Healthy Obese (MHO) dan Metabolic Unhealthy Obese (MUO)Metode : Penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada mahasiswi UNDIP Semarang sebanyak 37 mahasiswi dengan obesitas dengan MUO dan 37 mahasiswi dengan obesitas dengan MHO dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data antropometri yang dikumpulkan berupa LP, RLPP, RLPTB, dan Lingkar Paha. Data biokimia dan klinis yang dikumpulkan yaitu Tekanan Darah (TD), Trigliserida, Gula Darah Puasa (GDP), dan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) di laboratorium Cito Banyumanik. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann Whitney.Hasil : Semua subjek mengalami pre sindrom metabolik dengan minimal 1 tanda yaitu obesitas sentral. Median hasil pengukuran lingkar pinggang, RLPP, RLPTB, dan lingkar paha pada kelompok MUO lebih besar dari kelompok MHO. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada hasil pengukuran lingkar pinggang (p<0,001), RLPP (p=0,012), dan RLPTB (p<0,001), akan tetapi tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada lingkar paha (p=0,456).Simpulan : Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada lingkar pinggang, rasio lingkar pinggang-panggul, dan rasio lingkar pinggang-tinggi badan pada kelompok MHO dan MUO. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada lingkar paha antar kelompok MUO dan MHOKata Kunci : Lingkar Pinggang, RLPP, RLPTB, Lingkar Paha, Tipe Metabolik

DETERMINAN KADAR GULA DARAH PUASA PADA PENYANDANG DIABETES MELITUS DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KEDU, TEMANGGUNG Bela Prasasti; Aryanti Setyaningsih
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i1.49895

ABSTRACTBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that can be caused by several factors such as sociodemographic factors, lack of knowledge related to DM, lack of family support, and lack of dietary compliance.Objectives: This study aims to identify determinants that affect blood sugar levels in people with DM in the work area of the Kedu Health Center, Temanggung.Methods: This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 106 people with DM selected using a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria in this study were respondents with DM and were residents in the Kedu Health Center work area, willing to participate as research subjects, and aged 46 to 75 years. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire to determine gender, age, education level, occupation, and family income. Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) to determine the level of knowledge related to DM. Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) to determine family support. Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire (PDAQ) to determine dietary compliance. In addition, fasting blood sugar measurements were also carried out using a glucometer. Data analysis was carried out with SPSS using univariate analysis, bivariate with chi-square and spearman tests, and multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression.Results: The results showed that 56.6% of respondents had abnormal blood sugar. Bivariate results showed a relationship between sociodemographic factors (age, education level, occupation, and income), level of knowledge about DM, family support, and dietary compliance with blood sugar levels in people with DM (p <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the level of knowledge related to DM was the dominant factor affecting blood sugar levels (p = 0.000) and had a risk of 11.975 times experiencing abnormal blood sugar in people who did not comply with the diet.Conclusion: Factors affecting blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus in the Kedu Health Center work area were sociodemographic factors (age, education level, occupation, family income), knowledge related to DM, family support, and dietary compliance. The most dominant factor was knowledge related to DM. Therefore, good DM management is needed to achieve normal blood sugar levels.Keywords : Diabetes mellitus; blood sugar; knowledge; family support; dietary compliance ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia yang dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti faktor sosiodemografi, kurangnya pengetahuan terkait DM, kurangnya dukungan keluarga, dan kurangnya kepatuhan diet. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan yang memengaruhi kadar gula darah pada penyandang DM di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedu, Temanggung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 106 penyandang DM dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini yaitu responden dengan DM dan merupakan penduduk di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedu, bersedia berpartisipasi sebagai subjek penelitian, dan berusia 46 hingga 75 tahun. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner sosiodemografi untuk mengetahui jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan keluarga. Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahun terkait DM. Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) untuk mengetahui dukungan keluarga. Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire (PDAQ) untuk mengetahui kepatuhan diet. Selain itu juga dilakukan pengukuran gula darah puasa menggunakan glucometer. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan spearman, serta analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik biner.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika sebanyak 56,6% responden memiliki gula darah abnormal. Terdapat hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi (usia, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan), tingkat pengetahuan tentang DM, dukungan keluarga, dan kepatuhan diet dengan kadar gula darah penyandang DM (p<0,05). Tingkat pengetahuan terkait DM merupakan faktor dominan yang memengaruhi kadar gula darah (p=0,000) dan berisiko 11,96 kali mengalami gula darah abnormal pada responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedu. Simpulan: Determinan yang mempengaruhi kadar gula darah pada penyandang diabetes melitis di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kedu yaitu factor sosiodemografi (usia, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan keluarga), pengetahuan terkait penyakit DM, dukungan keluarga, dan kepatuhan diet. Faktor yang paling mendominasi yaitu pengetahuan terkait penyakit DM. Oleh karena itu diperlukan tata kelola DM yang baik untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait DM guna menjaga kadar gula darah normal. Kata Kunci : Diabetes melitus; gula darah; pengetahuan; dukungan keluarga; kepatuhan diet.

DAYA TERIMA COOKIES KALENYONG (TEPUNG KACANG MERAH, TEPUNG IKAN LELE DAN TEPUNG GANYONG) SEBAGAI SELINGAN TINGGI FE UNTUK REMAJA PUTRI ANEMIA Cherina Cherina; Yuli Hartati; Nurul Salasa Nilawati
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i3.53725

ABSTRACTBackground: Iron deficiency anemia is a prevalent nutritional problem in Indonesia, including in Muara Enim Regency (5.72%). This condition affects immunity, activity, and learning performance of adolescent girls. The Government's iron supplementation program (Iron tablets) has been sub-optimal due to low compliance. Therefore, an alternative in the form of highly acceptable iron-rich snacks is needed. Cookies made from red bean flour (Fe 5.2 mg/100g), catfish flour (Fe 5.3 g/100g), and canna flour (Fe 3.3 mg/100g) were developed as an innovative solution.Objectives: : To determine the best formulation of Kalenyong cookies, analyzing the differences in the acceptability of 3 biscuit formulas including color, aroma, texture and taste), as well as testing the proximate content and iron content of the best selected formula.Methods: This pure experimental research used completely randomized design (CRD) conducted from January to May 2025. Data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis test and Mann-Whitney post hoc test.Results : The selected formula (F3) with composition of red bean flour 100 g, catfish flour 90 g, and canna flour 60 g showed highest organoleptic scores (color 3.90; taste 3.90; aroma 4.10; texture 3.97; aftertaste 3.87). Nutritional content per 100 g: energy 499.17 kcal, protein 20.12 g, fat 14.17 g, carbohydrate 80.53 g, water content 6.43%, ash 1.39%, and iron 8.49 mg.Conclusion: There were significant differences (p<0.05) in Cookies acceptability regarding color, aroma, texture, taste, and aftertaste. Kalenyong Cookies have potential as high-Fe snack for anemic adolescent girls.Keywords : Cookiefs; catfish flour; canna flour;red bean flour;anemia ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Anemia defisiensi besi merupakan masalah gizi yang prevalensinya tinggi di Indonesia, termasuk di Kabupaten Muara Enim (5,72%). Kondisi ini berdampak pada penurunan imunitas, aktivitas, dan prestasi belajar remaja putri. Pemberian tablet tambah darah (TTD) sebagai intervensi pemerintah belum optimal akibat rendahnya kepatuhan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif berupa makanan selingan tinggi zat besi yang lebih diterima. Cookies berbahan tepung kacang merah (Fe 5,2 mg/100 g), tepung ikan lele (Fe 5,3 mg/100 g), dan tepung ganyong (Fe 3,3 mg/100 g) dikembangkan sebagai solusi inovatif.Tujuan: Menentukan formulasi terbaik Cookies Kalenyong, menganalisis perbedaan daya terima 3 formula biskuit yang meliputi warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa), serta menguji kandungan proksimat dan kadar zat besinya dari formula terbaik yang terpilih.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental murni dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dilakukan pada Januari–Mei 2025. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann-Whitney dari 3 formula.Hasil: Formula terpilih (F3) dengan komposisi tepung kacang merah 100 g, tepung ikan lele 90 g, dan tepung ganyong 60 g memiliki skor organoleptik tertinggi (warna 3,90; rasa 3,90; aroma 4,10; tekstur 3,97; aftertaste 3,87). Kandungan per 100 g: energi 499,17 kkal, protein 20,12 g, lemak 14,17 g, karbohidrat 80,53 g, kadar air 6,43%, abu 1,39%, dan zat besi 8,49 mg.Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) pada daya terima Cookies dari segi warna, aroma, tekstur, rasa, dan aftertaste. Cookies Kalenyong berpotensi sebagai selingan tinggi Fe untuk remaja putri anemia.Kata Kunci: Cookies; tepung kacang merah; tepung ikan lele; tepung ganyong; anemia

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TRIGUNA MAKANAN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI MEDIA NUTRITION MATCH Marsa Cahyarani; Yuliarti Yuliarti
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.56045

ABSTRACTBackground: Nutritional problems among school-age children remain a public health concern, including stunting and obesity. These conditions are influenced by low levels of nutrition knowledge and attitudes, particularly regarding the concept of food triguna. The limited availability of engaging and age-appropriate nutrition education media may hinder children’s understanding of healthy food choices.Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of food triguna education using the Nutrition Match as an educational media on the knowledge and attitudes of students at SD Negeri 101 Palembang City.Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest kontrol group design. Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The total number of respondents was 72 students aged 9-14 years, who were divided into an experimental group and a kontrol group, each consisting of 36 students. The normality test was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The knowledge data in the experimental group were normally distributed therefore, the Paired T Test was used. Meanwhile, the knowledge data in the kontrol group and the attitude data in both groups were not normally distributed, so they were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Rank Test. Differences between groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: The results of the Paired T Test and Wilcoxon Rank Test showed significant differences in knowledge and attitude scores within each group (p value = 0.001). Based on the Mann-Whitney test between the experimental and kontrol groups, there was a significant difference in the effect of the Nutrition Match media and leaflet media on knowledge (p value = 0.018) and attitudes (p value = 0.001) among school children at SD Negeri 101 Palembang City.Conclusion: The conclusion is that the Nutrition Match media is more effective in improving school children’s knowledge and attitudes regarding the food triguna compared to leafet media.Keywords: School-aged children; nutrition match; knowledge; attitude; food triguna ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Permasalahan gizi pada anak usia sekolah merupakan isu kesehatan masyarakat yang masih banyak ditemukan, seperti stunting dan obesitas. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya pengetahuan dan sikap gizi, khususnya terkait konsep triguna makanan. Keterbatasan media edukasi gizi yang menarik dan sesuai karakteristik anak sekolah dapat menghambat pemahaman memilih makanan sehat.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi efektivitas edukasi triguna makanan menggunakan media Nutrition Match terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap siswa SD Negeri 101 Kota Palembang.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi-Experiment Pretest-Posttest with Kontrol Group. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. Responden penelitian berjumlah 72 siswa berusia 9-14 tahun yang dibagi ke dalam kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol masing-masing berjumlah 36 siswa. Uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk. Data pengetahuan pada kelompok eksperimen berdistribusi normal sehingga uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu Paired T-Test, sedangkan pengetahuan kelompok kontrol serta sikap pada kedua kelompok tidak normal sehingga dianalisis dengan Wilcoxon Rank Test. Perbedaan antarkelompok diuji menggunakan Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Hasil uji Paired T-Test dan Wilcoxon Rank Test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan skor pengetahuan dan sikap pada tiap kelompok (p-value = 0,001). Berdasarkan uji Mann-Whitney pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol, terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antara media Nutrition Match dan media leaflet pada perubahan pengetahuan (p-value = 0,018) dan sikap (p-value = 0,001) anak sekolah di SD Negeri 101 Kota Palembang.Simpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu media edukasi Nutrition Match lebih berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap triguna makanan pada anak sekolah daripada media leaflet.Kata Kunci: Anak sekolah; nutrition match; pengetahuan; sikap; triguna makanan

PERAN KETERLIBATAN AYAH DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-24 BULAN: LITERATURE REVIEW Naziela Eldiana Husna AZ; Etika Ratna Noer; Ninik Rustanti
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.54370

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children aged 6-24 months who are in the critical period of the first 1,000 days of life. Stunting prevention programs have largely focused on mothers and children, whereas father involvement also contributes to child feeding practices and caregiving.Objective: The study aims to analyze the role of father involvement in preventing stunting among children aged 6-24 months through a literature review.Methods: The study applied a narrative literature review approach. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar with a publication range from 2022-2026. A total of five primary studies met the inclusion criteria and examined father involvement in childcare, child feeding practices, and their association with children’s nutritional status. Data analysis used thematic synthesis based on similarities in variables and key findings.Results: Father involvement includes financial, emotional, and educational support, as well as direct participation in childcare. During the age period of 6-24 months, father involvement is particularly related to support for complementary feeding practices, the provision of nutritious foods, and monitoring children’s dietary patterns and growth. Father participation in caregiving practices also increases the utilization of child health services and strengthens family adherence to health workers’ recommendations, thereby supporting optimal linear growth in children.Conclusion: Father involvement plays an important role in preventing stunting among children aged 6-24 months. Stunting prevention programs should strengthen family education, community support, and policies that encourage active father participation in childcare.Keywords : Father Involvement; Stunting Prevention; Child Care; Child Nutrition; Children Aged 6-24 Months ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia, terutama pada anak usia 6-24 bulan yang berada pada periode kritis 1.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK). Upaya pencegahan stunting selama ini lebih banyak menekankan peran ibu dan anak, padahal keterlibatan ayah juga berkontribusi terhadap praktik pemenuhan gizi dan pengasuhan anak.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis peran keterlibatan ayah dalam pencegahan stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan melalui tinjauan literatur.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review dengan pendekatan naratif. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2022-2026. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berjumlah 5 penelitian primer yang membahas keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan, pemberian makan anak, serta kaitannya dengan status gizi anak. Analisis dilakukan secara tematik berdasarkan kesamaan variabel dan temuan penelitian.Hasil: Keterlibatan ayah mencakup dukungan finansial, emosional, edukatif, serta partisipasi langsung dalam pengasuhan anak. Pada periode usia 6-24 bulan, keterlibatan ayah terutama berkaitan dengan dukungan terhadap praktik pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI), penyediaan pangan bergizi, serta pemantauan pola makan dan pertumbuhan anak. Kehadiran ayah dalam praktik pengasuhan juga meningkatkan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan anak dan kepatuhan keluarga terhadap anjuran tenaga kesehatan sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan linier anak. Simpulan: Keterlibatan ayah berperan penting dalam pencegahan stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan. Program pencegahan stunting perlu memperkuat edukasi keluarga, dukungan komunitas, dan kebijakan yang mendorong peran ayah dalam pengasuhan anak..Kata Kunci : Keterlibatan Ayah; Pencegahan Stunting; Pengasuhan Anak; Gizi Anak; Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN SLEEP DURATION, BREAKFAST ENERGY INTAKE, AND BODY COMPOSITION (FFM, BMR, PHASE ANGLE): A NARRATIVE REVIEW Yohanes Muliana; Farhan Syafiq Fadhillah; Etika Ratna Noer; Adriyan Pramono
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.57205

Background: Sleep duration, chrononutrition, and meal timing are emerging determinants of metabolic health. Circadian misalignment, caused by sleep restriction or irregular eating patterns, may adversely affect body composition by promoting adiposity and reducing muscle preservation through neuroendocrine and molecular dysfunctions.Objectives: This review synthesized research findings from the past decade (2016–2026) to evaluate how sleep duration and breakfast energy intake influence body composition parameters, specifically fat-free mass (FFM), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and cellular phase angle (PhA).Methods: Literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar. From 306 identified papers, 12 original research studies involving diverse populations (including children, adolescents, and adults across multiple continents) were included. The review analyzed observational and experimental data focusing on sleep patterns, meal frequency, and timing as primary exposures, with body composition metrics as the main outcomes.Results: Experimental sleep restriction (4 hours/night) significantly increased caloric intake (P = 0.015) and visceral fat (P = 0.042). Optimal sleep (6–7 hours) was associated with more favorable body composition than extreme durations (P < 0.05). Regarding chrononutrition, habitual breakfast skipping was positively correlated with lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (β = 0.087, P = 0.031). In large-scale observational data, night eating increased metabolic syndrome prevalence by 48% (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.15–1.90), while morning eating was protective. Each one-hour delay in eating timing was associated with a 1.25-unit increase in body fat percentage (P = 0.010). Phase angle, reflecting cellular integrity, improved with regular breakfast consumption (r = 0.15) and physical activity. Notably, physical activity often moderated these relationships, acting as a stronger predictor of FFM than sleep in specific demographics.Conclusion: Sufficient sleep and structured, early-timed meal patterns, particularly regular breakfast consumption, support lean mass preservation and reduced adiposity. Maintaining consistent sleep-wake cycles and physical activity are essential synergistic strategies to mitigate the metabolic risks associated with circadian misalignment.Keywords: Body Composition; Sleep; Breakfast; Circadian Rhythm; Basal Metabolis

NARRATIVE REVIEW : PERAN AKUAKULTUR DAN DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN DALAM MENDUKUNG DIMENSI KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR DI ERA KRISIS IKLIM Nindya Marta Ghassani Putri; Diana Nur Afifah; Denny Nugroho Sugianto
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.52216

ABSTRACTBackground: Climate change increases the vulnerability of coastal food systems through declining capture fisheries productivity, fluctuating fish catches, and unstable fisher’s incomes. These conditions affect all dimensions of food security. Indonesia, however, has considerable potential for aquaculture development and aquatic food diversification as adaptation strategies to climate change.Objective: This article aimed to analyze the role of aquaculture and aquatic food diversification in achieving food security dimensions among coastal communities amid climate change.Method: This study used a narrative review approach by conducting literature searches through Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Scientific articles and reports published between 2015 and 2025 were selected based on their relevance to aquaculture, fish-based food diversification, coastal food security, and climate change.Discussion: The review indicates that aquaculture contributes to food security by providing a more stable supply of aquatic foods throughout the year, livelihood diversification for coastal communities, facilitating access to aquatic foods, increasing household purchasing power, contributing to the stability of fish prices in the market, providing high-quality protein and essential micronutrients that support public health. Furthermore, food diversification based on aquatic commodities contributes to extending shelf life, reducing post-harvest losses, increasing commodity added value, improving access to food, supporting women’s empowerment and household livelihoods, enhancing fish acceptability, and potentially reducing the risk of nutrient deficiencies and malnutrition.Conclusion: Aquaculture and food diversification based on aquatic commodities have the potential to support all dimensions of food security among coastal communities while serving as an adaptive strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change.Keywords: Aquaculture; food diversification; food security; coastal communities; climate change ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Perubahan iklim meningkatkan kerentanan sistem pangan masyarakat pesisir melalui penurunan produktivitas perikanan tangkap, fluktuasi hasil tangkapan, dan ketidakstabilan pendapatan nelayan. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada seluruh dimensi ketahanan pangan. Di sisi lain, Indonesia memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan akuakultur dan diversifikasi pangan berbasis komoditas akuatik sebagai strategi adaptasi terhadap krisis iklim.Tujuan : Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis peran akuakultur dan diversifikasi pangan berbasis komoditas akuatik dalam memperkuat dimensi ketahanan pangan masyarakat pesisir di tengah perubahan iklim.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan narrative review dengan penelusuran literatur melalui basis data Scopus dan Google Scholar terhadap artikel ilmiah dan laporan organisasi internasional yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2015–2025. Literatur dipilih berdasarkan relevansi dengan akuakultur, diversifikasi pangan berbasis hasil perikanan, ketahanan pangan masyarakat pesisir, dan perubahan iklim.Pembahasan : Akuakultur berkontribusi terhadap ketahanan pangan dengan menyediakan pasokan ikan yang lebih stabil sepanjang tahun dan diversifikasi mata pencaharian bagi masyarakat pesisir, memudahkan akses ke pangan akuatik, meningkatkan daya beli keluarga, dan menjaga kestabilan harga komoditas akuatik, menyediakan produk akuatik mengandung protein berkualitas tinggi dan berbagai zat gizi mikro penting yang mendukung kesehatan masyarakat. Selain itu, diversifikasi pangan berbasis hasil perikanan berperan dalam memperpanjang umur simpan produk, mengurangi kehilangan pascapanen, meningkatkan nilai tambah komoditas, memperluas akses, meningkatkan pemberdayaan wanita, perekonomian keluarga, daya terima dan konsumsi ikan, dan berpotensi mencegah defisiensi zat gizi dan masalah gizi.Kesimpulan : Akuakultur dan diversifikasi pangan berbasis komoditas akuatik berpotensi mendukung berbagai dimensi ketahanan pangan masyarakat pesisir sekaligus sebagai strategi adaptasi terhadap dampak dari perubahan iklim. Kata kunci: Akuakultur; diversifikasi pangan; ketahanan pangan; masyarakat pesisir; perubahan iklim

PERAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP RETENSI BERAT BADAN PASCAPERSALINAN: LITERATURE REVIEW Rizqy Abidah Ramdlaniyah; Etika Ratna Noer; Alifia Fitrikasari
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.57378

ABSTRACTBackground: Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is an important maternal health issue associated with an increased risk of obesity and metabolic disorders later in life. Dietary intake is considered one of the main modifiable factors affecting postpartum weight recovery. However, evidence regarding the relationship between dietary patterns and PPWR remains inconsistent.Objectives: This narrative review aimed to summarize current evidence on the association between dietary patterns and postpartum weight retention among postpartum women.Methods: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and EBSCO for studies published between 2017 and 2026. Eligible studies included postpartum women, assessed dietary patterns or diet quality, and reported postpartum weight retention outcomes. Only full-text human studies published in English were included. Studies focusing solely on pregnancy or infant outcomes without maternal weight assessment were excluded.Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, consisting mainly of prospective cohort studies conducted in China, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, and the United States. The included studies evaluated various dietary exposures, including dietary diversity, Mediterranean dietary patterns, dietary quality, energy intake, and circadian eating behaviors. Overall, healthier dietary patterns were associated with lower postpartum weight retention. In contrast, poor dietary quality, excessive energy intake, and unhealthy eating behaviors such as night eating were associated with increased PPWR. Mediterranean-style diets and adherence to dietary guidelines showed protective effects against excessive postpartum weight retention.Conclusion: Healthy dietary patterns may support better postpartum weight recovery and reduce long-term metabolic risk among postpartum women. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to strengthen current evidence and support effective postpartum nutritional strategies.Keywords: Dietary Patterns; Postpartum Weight Retention; Postpartum Weight Change; Dietary Intake; Diet Quality ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Retensi berat badan postpartum (postpartum weight retention / PPWR) merupakan masalah kesehatan maternal yang penting karena berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko obesitas dan gangguan metabolik di kemudian hari. Asupan makanan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat dimodifikasi dan berperan dalam pemulihan berat badan setelah persalinan. Namun, bukti mengenai hubungan antara pola makan dan PPWR masih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak konsisten.Tujuan: Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan untuk merangkum bukti terkini mengenai hubungan antara pola makan dan retensi berat badan postpartum pada wanita postpartum.Metode: Tinjauan ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui basis data PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, dan EBSCO untuk artikel yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2017–2026. Studi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi adalah studi pada wanita postpartum yang menilai pola makan atau kualitas diet serta melaporkan luaran retensi berat badan postpartum. Hanya studi full-text pada manusia yang diterbitkan dalam bahasa Inggris yang diikutsertakan. Studi yang hanya berfokus pada luaran kehamilan atau luaran bayi tanpa penilaian berat badan maternal dikeluarkan dari tinjauan.Hasil: Sebanyak tujuh studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yang sebagian besar merupakan studi kohort prospektif yang dilakukan di China, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, dan United States. Studi-studi tersebut menilai berbagai paparan diet, termasuk keragaman diet, pola makan Mediterania, kualitas diet, asupan energi, dan perilaku makan sirkadian. Secara umum, pola makan yang lebih sehat berhubungan dengan retensi berat badan postpartum yang lebih rendah. Sebaliknya, kualitas diet yang buruk, asupan energi berlebih, dan perilaku makan tidak sehat seperti makan malam hari berhubungan dengan peningkatan PPWR. Pola makan Mediterania dan kepatuhan terhadap pedoman gizi menunjukkan efek protektif terhadap retensi berat badan postpartum berlebih.Simpulan: Pola makan sehat dapat mendukung pemulihan berat badan postpartum yang lebih baik dan mengurangi risiko metabolik jangka panjang pada wanita postpartum. Penelitian longitudinal dan intervensi lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk memperkuat bukti yang ada serta mendukung strategi nutrisi postpartum yang efektif.Kata Kunci : Pola Makan; Retensi Berat Badan Pascapersalinan; Perubahan Berat Badan Pascapersalinan; Asupan Makanan; Kualitas Diet

KADAR CRP DAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA OBESITAS: MENGURAI JALUR PERADANGAN Maria Tresnaning Yossi Kinanti; Etika Ratna Noer; Ahmad Ni’matullah Al-Baarri
Journal of Nutrition College Vol 15, No 4 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jnc.v15i4.51620

ABSTRACTBackground: In obesity, adipose tissue as endocrine organ that releases pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a key inflammatory marker triggered by cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α Poor sleep quality and obesity are linked to increased systemic inflammation. Sleep disorders like insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) also promote inflammation by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system.Objective: This review explores the two-way relationship between sleep disturbances, obesity, and inflammation, with a focus on the role of CRP as a central link among them.Methods: This study is a narrative literature review that analyzes articles based on their aims, methods, and findings. Relevant national and international articles were identified through systematic searches in databases including Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect.Results: Sleep disturbances, inflammation, and obesity are closely linked in a cycle that worsens each condition. Chronic stress activates the HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system, raising stress hormones and affecting appetite control. Poor sleep can increase appetite and lead to obesity, which then further disrupts sleep, especially through conditions like OSA and inflammation. Both poor sleep and obesity raise levels of inflammatory markers like IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, which contribute to insulin resistance and higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. To prevent and manage these conditions, an integrated approach that includes improving sleep, managing weight, and reducing inflammation is needed.Conclusion: Sleep disturbances and obesity are interrelated and exacerbate systemic inflammation, playing a significant role in the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. Thus, preventive strategies should integrate sleep management, weight control, and targeted anti-inflammatory interventions.Keyword: C-Reactive Protein; Sleep Disorder; Obesity; Low grade Chronic Inflammation ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pada kondisi obesitas, jaringan adiposa mengeluarkan sitokin pro-inflamasi, sehingga memicu inflamasi kronik tingkat rendah. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) merupakan penanda inflamasi utama yang dipicu oleh sitokin seperti IL-6 dan TNF-α. Kualitas tidur yang buruk dan obesitas berhubungan dengan peningkatan inflamasi sistemik Gangguan tidur seperti insomnia dan obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) juga meningkatkan inflamasi melalui aktivasi aksis hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal (HPA) dan sistem saraf simpatis.Tujuan : mengeksplorasi hubungan timbal balik antara gangguan tidur, obesitas, dan inflamasi, dengan menyoroti peran CRP sebagai penghubung utama di antara ketiganya.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan metode naratif dalam mengkaji artikel berdasarkan tujuan, metode dan hasil yang disajikan dari artikel tersebut. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan artikel nasional dan internasional yang ditelusuri dengan database Wiley Online Library, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect.Hasil: Penelusuran 7 artikel yang diperoleh untuk Gangguan tidur, inflamasi, dan obesitas saling terkait dalam suatu siklus yang memperburuk masing-masing kondisi. Stres kronis mengaktifkan aksis HPA dan sistem saraf simpatis, meningkatkan hormon stres, dan mengganggu regulasi nafsu makan. Tidur yang buruk dapat meningkatkan nafsu makan dan menyebabkan obesitas, yang selanjutnya memperburuk kualitas tidur, terutama melalui OSA dan inflamasi. Kedua kondisi ini meningkatkan kadar IL-6, TNF-α, dan CRP, yang berkontribusi pada resistensi insulin dan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiometabolik.Kesimpulan: Gangguan tidur dan obesitas saling memengaruhi dan memperburuk inflamasi sistemik, yang memainkan peran penting dalam progresivitas penyakit kardiometabolik. Oleh karena itu, strategi pencegahan harus mencakup manajemen tidur, pengendalian berat badan, dan intervensi antiinflamasi secara terpadu.Kata kunci: C-Reactive Protein; Gangguan Tidur; Obesitas; Inflamasi Kronik; Penyakit Kardiometabolik

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Journal Mail Official
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Kota semarang,

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