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Journal of International Relations Studies
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Education,
Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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Articles 34 Documents
Search results for , issue "Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016" : 34 Documents clear
34. PERAN ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT DALAM MENANGGULANGI PRAKTIK TAX CRIME DI INDONESIA STUDI KASUS: TRANSFER PRICING DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2003 – 2012 Karomatunnisa, Ichda Rizqoh; Susiatiningsih, Hermini; Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Taxes are major sources of income for Indonesia, in which taxes contribute 74% - 80% oftotal revenue. The practice of transfer pricing is a problem faced by Indonesia related taxrevenue. Transfer pricing causes a potential loss in state revenue from the tax sector.Between 2003 to 2012, Indonesia had suffered a loss of US $ 152.154 billion. The amountof loss encouraged Indonesia to take various efforts to solve this problem, such ascooperation with the OECD. This study aims to explain the role undertaken by the OECDin tackling transfer pricing practices in Indonesia. The method used in this research isqualitative descriptive type-explanation. Liberal institutionalist theory and the concept ofthe role by Biddle and Biddle are used to analyze the role of the OECD in dealing withtransfer pricing practices in Indonesia. Through this partnership, the role played by OECDgiving seminars, counseling, also training to improve the knowledge and expertise of theIndonesian tax authorities. The OECD also provides an opportunity for Indonesian taxinvestigators are able to participate in OECD’s the Tax Academy. OECD also has BEPSProject to address the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) among multinational thatincludes program management of transfer pricing activities. In this regard, the OECDfocuses on the provision of advice related to legal or tax policy and help increase theability of the tax investigators.
25. PERUSAHAAN MILITER SWASTA DALAM SENGKETA BERSENJATA INTERNASIONAL: STUDI KASUS OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM DI AFGHANISTAN TAHUN 2001-2010 Syarifah, Claudia; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The end of the Cold War marked the beginning of New War, where the war is no longerbetween state actors, but among the non-state actors, such as private military companies(PMC). PMC was established to accommodate the Cold War’s veterans and the soldierwho are out of contract or civilians to serve as mercenaries. This study is an initial attemptto investigate the use of PMC in Afghanistan and how it effects on Operation EnduringFreedom, the effort of the warlords in doing military privatization for the sake of financialinterest, and how PMC could be actively involved in international armed conflicts andweaken the monopoly of force which is only owned by the state. The method of this studyis descriptive and tend to use inductive analysis approach. Process and meaning morehighlighted in this qualitative study. Marxism is used as foundation of the theory to guidethis study in accordance with the facts available. This study shows how power, money,using democracy and freedom as disguise, and underlying motives is carrying out militaryactivities in some countries. It also presents an overview of the benefits which PMCoffered and the huge damages such offers had violated human rights.
16. ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT RATIFIKASI PORT STATE MEASURES AGREEMENT OLEH INDONESIA PERIODE 2009-2014 Alghifari, Fadhil; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Puspapertiwi, Sheiffi
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago, is known for its rich marine biodiversity andresources. The vast area, however, is difficult to monitor, which give rise to illegalactivities. IUU fishing costs the country 30 trillion rupiah annually. Indonesia remainscommitted to completely eradicate illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishingactivities through international forum such as FAO. FAO's Port State Measures Agreement(PSMA) 2009 is a testament of commitment from the international community inaddressing IUU fishing by strengthening the role of state port. However, five years afterthe inception of the Agreement, Indonesia's effort in commiting and complying with theAgreement were hampered by several factors. This study is aimed to explain the obstaclesfaced by Indonesia in the process of PSMA’s ratification. Therefore, it enables the countryto conduct unilateral measure in fighting IUU fishing namely the “vessel drowning” policywith its current capabilities, available resources, and national interest. These two premisescontribute to the slow process of PSMA’s ratification. This research utilized descriptiveanalyticalmethod in attempt to answer the research question. Based on wide range data,study cases, and the theoretical framework, this study found that the use of Realismparadigm and Oona Hathaway’s integrated theory of International Law could best explainthe hindrances faced by Indonesia in fulfiling the requirements of PSMA 2009, whichhinders the progress of its ratification. This suggests that Indonesian government wouldserve its very best interest solely for the state and its survival in deterring, preventing, andeliminating IUU fishing. Thus, it sets aside the state’s desire and importance in complyingand committing to international norms.
7. PERGESERAN ORIENTASI GERAKAN TERORISME ISLAM DI INDONESIA (STUDI TERORISME TAHUN 2000-2015) Subhan, Muhammad; Susiatiningsih, Hermini; Wahyudi, Fendy Eko
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Aksi terorisme pada 11 September 2001 yang menelan 3000 korban jiwa di AmerikaSerikat dan bom Bali di Indonesia pada 12 Oktober 2002 telah mengubah pandanganmasyarakat terhadap terorisme. Terorisme identik dengan agama khususnya Islam. Tidaklain karena teror-teror tersebut diklaim dilakukan oleh kelompok Islam Al Qaeda danJamaah Islamiyah. Selain bom Bali, pada periode tahun 2000 hingga 2009 juga terjadirangkaian aksi terorisme di Indonesia yang dilakukan oleh kelompok Islam. Namun,memasuki tahun 2010 hingga 2015, terjadi aksi-aksi teror yang berbeda dari periodesebelumnya, baik dari segi sasaran maupun pelaku-pelaku yang terlibat. Oleh sebab itu,rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah telah terjadipergeseran orientasi gerakan terorisme di Indonesia dan apakah orientasi saat ini tetappada orientasi agama atau telah berubah menjadi berorientasi lain. Teori yang digunakandalam penelitian ini, yaitu The Four Wave of Modern Terrorism, Teori PemberontakanManusia, Teori Kemunduran Terorisme dan The Lone Wolf Terrorism. Penelitian inibersifat eksplanatif dengan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi di lapanganterhadap mantan teroris sebagai data primer, dan didukung sumber data sekunder berupastudi literatur sebagai bahan pendukung. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran orientasi gerakan terorisme di Indonesiaberupa munculnya lone wolf terrorism dan merebaknya paham takfiri yang memecah belahkelompok teror di Indonesia.

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