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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Traditional dye yielding plants of Tripura, Northeast India BISWAJIT SUTRADHAR; DIPANKAR DEB; KOUSHIK MAJUMDAR; B K DATTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160203

Abstract

Sutradhar B, Deb D, Majumdar K, Datta BK. 2015. Traditional dye yielding plants of Tripura, Northeast India. Biodiversitas 16: 121-127. This present paper deals with the survey of traditional dye yielding plants, their ethnobotanical usage and cultural practices by the different ethnic communities of Tripura. Field investigation was carried out in different villages and adjacent forest pockets in South and West district of the State. The ethnobotanical information was collected based on semi-structured questioner, personal interviews and group discussion among the major ethnic communities of Tripura. The study reports a checklist of 39 species of dye yielding plants belonging to 35 genera and 26 families documented along with their vernacular name, habit, parts use. The active coloring agents were also listed for each plant based on earlier reports. Natural dye yielding plants have immense significance in the socio-economic and socio-cultural life of indigenous ethnic people and if we promote these products in a managed way then efforts towards preservation of traditional knowledge and local biodiversity will be more fruitfully achieved. Keywords: Dye yielding plants, indigenous knowledge, natural products, Tripura
Genetic diversity of patchouli cultivated in Bali as detected using ISSR and RAPD markers MADE PHARMAWATI; I PUTU CANDRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160205

Abstract

Pharmawati M, Candra IP. 2015. Genetic diversity of patchouli cultivated in Bali as detected using ISSR and RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 16: 132-138. Patchouli is a bushy herb that has strong scent. Patchouli's oil is extracted from patchouli leaves and used asperfumes, incense and traditional medicines. Centre of patchouli cultivation in Bali is in Badung District, however it is also grown inother area such as Buleleng District. The patchouli plant from Aceh ((Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth) is considered as a better plantspecies due to its high quality oil. Java patchouli (Pogostemon heyneanus) has lower quality. Molecular marker was used to detectdiversity of patchouli grown in Bali. Leave samples of patchouli from 12 areas in Badung and Buleleng District were collected. Theareas included Lemukih, Wanagiri, Pupuan, Belok, Mekarsari, Nungnung, Plaga, Sidan, Mengwi, Lukluk, Abiansemal and Jegu.Patchouli samples of Lhokseumawe, Tapak Tuan, Sidikalang and Java were obtained from Research Institute of Spices and MedicinalPlants, Bogor, Indonesia. DNA was extracted using CTAB buffer. Seven ISSR primers and five RAPD primers produced scorable bandsand used for diversity and cluster analyses. The dendrogram showed that patchoulis grown in Bali are group together, separated fromJava patchouli. This support observation based on leaf morphology, that they belong to Aceh patchouli. The patchouli grown in Balishowed low genetic diversity with Nei and Li’s similarity in the range of 0.857 to 0.989. Keywords: Bali, genetic diversity, ISSR, patchouli, RAPD
Genetic diversity of Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis in different populations TAYEBEH MOSLEHI; MAJID MAHDIEH; ALIREZA SHAYESTEHFAR; SEYED MEHDI TALEBI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160204

Abstract

Moslehi T, Mahdieh M, Shayestehfar A, Talebi SM. 2015. Genetic diversity of Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis in different populations. Biodiversitas 16: 128-131. In present study, genetic diversity of two genus of Anura order was investigated in Iran. For this reasons, four populations of Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda (R1-R4) and three populations of Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis (B1-B3) were selected from different regions of Arak province. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker was used for molecular investigation. Nine random primers were used that only four of them were suitable and revealing different bands pattern for further analysis. A total of 69 scorable bands (loci) were found. The obtained data were analyzed using MVSP software for clustering. The studied populations were separated from each other in the UPGMA tree as well as PCA and PCOplots. In the mentioned diagrams the populations of B. (Pseudepidalea) viridis were closely together, while the populations of other species were placed far from each other. The results of this study showed that high genetic variations were present among R. ridibunda populations, but this condition was in contrast to B. viridis populations, where these populations were near each other. Key words: Bufo, genetic variations, population, Rana, RAPD.
Population genetic structure in medicinal plant Lallemantia iberica (Lamiaceae) FAHIMEH KOOHDAR; MASOUD SHEIDAI; SEYYED MEHDI TALEBI; ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160206

Abstract

Koohdar F, Sheidai M, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z. 2015. Population genetic structure in medicinal plant Lallemantia iberica (Lamiaceae). Biodiversitas 16: 139-144. Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fischer and C.A. Meyer (sin. Dracocephalum ibericumM.Bieb.) also named Dragon's head” is an annual plant cultivated for its seeds that contain about 30% -38% drying oil (siccative oil). Itsseed oil is used in foods, dye and varnish industry. L. iberica seeds have traditional uses as reconstitute, stimulant, diuretic andexpectorant. L. iberica in an important medicinal plant in our country and grows in various regions with different environmentalconditions. At present no investigation has been reported about population genetic structure of this valuable plant species in Iran.Therefore, we carried out population genetic analysis of 11 populations of L. iberica by using ISSR molecular markers for the first time.Genetic diversity analysis revealed high within population genetic variability. AMOVA test produced significant genetic differenceamong the studied populations. Mantel test revealed significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of thepopulations. STRUCTURE analysis and K-Means clustering revealed population genetic fragmentation and the presence of three genepools for this species. The assignment test revealed the occurrence of limited gene flow among the populations. The results suggestedthat genetic divergence, limited gene flow, genetic drift and local adaptation have played role in diversification of L. iberica. Key words: Gene flow, population fragmentation, IBD, Lallemantia iberica.
Cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae SITI LUSI ARUM SARI; ARTINI PANGASTUTI; ARI SUSILOWATI; TJAHJADI PURWOKO; EDWI MAHAJOENO; WAHYU HIDAYAT; IKOW MARDHENA; DEWI KURNIAWATI; ROBIAH ANITASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170111

Abstract

Sari SLA, Pangastuti A, Susilowati A, Purwoko Tj, Mahajoeno E, Hidayat W, Mardhena I, Panuntun DF, Kurniawati D, Anitasari R. 2016. Cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. Biodiversitas 17: 78-83. Lignocellulose is very potential as raw material for biofuel production because it is cheap, abundant and renewable. The main carbohydrate constituents of lignocellulosic material are cellulose and hemicelluloses rd instars were used in this research. The research succeeded to isolate 11 bacterial isolates from the gut of O. rhinoceros larvae. The screening result demonstrated that bacterial isolates had cellulolytic (72.7% of total isolates), and mannanolytic (100% of total isolates) activity. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, 10 isolates were classified into Bacillus and only 1 isolate was classified into Citrobacter. The GOR2 which was closely related to Bacillus pumilus vit bac1 has the highest cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities. The isolate with the highest mannanolytic activity was the GOR7 which was closely related to Bacillus aryabhattai strain IHB B 6821.
The nutritional quality of captive sambar deer (Rusa unicolor brookei Hose, 1893) velvet antler GONO SEMIADI; YULIASRI JAMAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160209

Abstract

Semiadi G, Jamal Y. 2015. The nutritional quality of captive sambar deer (Rusa unicolor brookei Hose, 1893) velvet antler. Biodiversitas 16: 156-160. Deer farming has been a well-developed agriculture diversification worldwide since 1970s. To the presenttime information concerning the nutrient value of velvet antler of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor brookei Hose, 1893) is limited. Therefore,a study on the nutritional quality of velvet antler of captive sambar deer was conducted. Velvet antlers were obtained from captivesambar deer in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, and were analyzed for its nutritional quality from the hard and softparts. The results showed that fresh weight of a pair of velvet antler (approx. 70 days post hard antler cast) was 523.1 g (SE = 49.99). Inthe soft part of the velvet antler, ash content was 25.9% DM (SE= 0.78) as compared to 40.4% DM (SE = 1.07) in hard part, whilst thelipid and protein contents from the soft part were 3.3% DM (SE = 0.20) and 70.8% DM (SE = 2.07), respectively, higher compared tothose in the hard part being 1.9% DM (SE = 0.12) and 59.5% DM (SE = 1.92), respectively. From the study it can be concluded that theproduction of velvet antler from captive sambar deer seemed to be far from its genetic potency, and the nutritional qualities of the velvetantler contents were not different from the red deer Cervus elaphus.
Structure of natural Juniperus excelsa stands in Northwest of Iran FARZAM TAVANKAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160210

Abstract

Tavankar F. 2015.Structure of natural Juniperus excelsa stands in Northwest of Iran. Biodiversitas 16: 161-167. Juniperusexcelsa M. Bieb. stands are important forest ecosystems in mountain areas of Iran. In this research the structure of J. excelsa stands wasstudied at altitudes of 1,400 to 1,900 m in northwest of Iran. The results showed that the mean densities of trees and seedling (trees withheight up to 1.3 m) were 99.8 ± 32.0 and 70.5 ± 18.3 stem ha-1, respectively. The juniper trees comprise 52.8% of the total tree density,while the juniper seedlings comprise 19.3% of total seedling density. The mean of basal area in this stand was 3.12 ± 0.3 m2 ha-1 and themean of canopy cover was 42.7 ± 17.9 percent. The mean of trees height was obtained 2.75 ± 1.1 m. The total of 28 woody speciesbelonging to 14 families was recorded from the study area. The juniper trees had the maximum value of species importance value(SIV=87.3). Amygdalus lyciodes and Pistacia atlantica were two tree species that have high SIV values, 34.1 and 27.0, respectively.Thedistribution of trees density in different tree diameters resemble to a reverse J-shaped indicating uneven-aged structure. The resultsindicated juniper seedlings were increased by increasing stand crown cover (P< 0.01). Moreover extreme environmental conditions,grazing and timber harvesting for firewood are two important socioeconomic problems in these forests. These valuable stands needs tourgently conservation strategies.
Felids of Sebangau: Camera trapping to estimate activity patterns and population abundance in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia ADUL ADUL; BERNAT RIPOLL; SUWIDO H LIMIN; SUSAN M CHEYNE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160208

Abstract

Adul, Ripoll B, Limin SH, Cheyne SM. 2015. Felids of Sebangau: Camera trapping to estimate activity patterns and population abundance in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 16: 151-155. We present data from a seven year camera trappingproject in the Natural Laboratory of Peat-Swamp Forest in the Sebangau Catchment, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia (2008-2015). Theproject has identified four of the five felids on Borneo: Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi; macan dahan), flat-headed cat(Prionailurus planiceps; kucing tandang), marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata; kucing batu) and leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis;kucing kuwuk). All of these species are protected by Indonesian Law (PP. 7/1999) and are listed on the IUCN Red List. The four specieshave clearly defined activity budgets, especially the smaller cats, to allow niche partitioning. We have identified this forest block as animportant area for numbers of all four species in the global context of cat populations. The bay cat (Pardofelis badia (kucing merah) has not been found in tropical peat-swamp forest at time of writing.
Within and among-genetic variation in Asian flax Linum austriacum (Linaceae) in response to latitude changes: Cytogenetic and molecular analyses ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI; TINA SHAFAF; FATEMEH FARAHANI; MASOUD SHEIDAI; SEYED MEHDI TALEBI; YEGANEH HASHEMINEJAD-AHANGARANI FARAHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160207

Abstract

Noormohammadi Z, Shafaf T, Farahani F, Sheidai, Talebi SM, Hasheminejad-Ahangarani-Farahani Y. 2015. Within and among-genetic variation in Asian flax Linum austriacum (Linaceae) in response to latitude changes: Cytogenetic and molecular analyses. Biodiversitas 16: 145-150. Linum austriacum L. (Linaceae) which is known as Asian flax is an herbaceous medicinal plantspecies that grow in Iran in different latitudes and forms some local populations particularly in the West and North-West of the country.Within-and between-genetic diversity in response to altitude changes was investigated in geographical populations of L. austriacum byusing cytogenetic and ISSR molecular markers. These populations were diploid with 2n = 18 and differed significantly (P<0.05) in theirmean chiasma frequency and chromosome pairing. Significant positive correlation (r >0.90, P < 0.05) occurred between latitude and themean number of quadrivalents. The highest level of genetic diversity parameters as Shanon Information Index and gene diversityoccurred in Salavat-abad population. Moreover, the STRUCTURE analysis also identified this population as the most varied population.This population had medium altitude distribution. Mantel test performed between genetic distance and geographical distance showed nosignificant correlation (R2 = 0.09, p = 0.39). Pearson coefficient of correlation determined between genetic diversity parameters andaltitude, produced a significant negative correlation (r =-0.85, P<0.01) with the number of effective alleles. The present study revealedthat Linum austriacum populations do have some cytogenetic and molecular variation in response to altitude. 
Study of the digestive tract of a rare species of Iranian blind cave fish (Iranocypris typhlops) ALI EBRAHIMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160212

Abstract

Ebrahimi A. 2015. Study of the digestive tract of a rare species of Iranian blind cave fish (Iranocypris typhlops). Biodiversitas 16: 173-178. The Iranian blind cave fish (Iranocypris typhlops) is a unique taxon which only lives within a cave in Lorestan Province insouthwest of Iran. Regardless of its enormous genetic interest, this species faces an imminent risk of extinction as no conservationefforts have been done for its protection. This study aimed to analyze the morphology of the digestive tract of this interesting fish using ahistological approach. Detailed examinations of the fishes showed that the mouth is horseshoe-shaped and located in an inferior situation(ventral side) of the head. In it, there are three rows of pharyngeal teeth including inner, middle and outer rows, which bear 5, 3 and 3 teethrespectively. The esophagus is very short and lined with an epithelium containing numerous mucous folds. The stomach is not present.The anterior segment of the intestine is S-shaped which comprises about one half the gut. In this part, there are mucosal folds which showdifferent sizes and mucous layer is thicker than other layers (submucosa, muscle layer and serosa). The distal portion of the intestine isstraight (rectal) and terminates to the anal region. In general, the ratio of intestine length is 1.2, as compared to the body length. Thisstudy showed that the liver in this taxon is composed of two lobes, the right lobe being two-parts and bigger than the left one. The gallbladder is clear and spherical in appearance. The pancreas is red or orange and observed as scattered masses of cells on the mesentery of thedigestive system. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the morphological characteristics of the digestive tract of theIranian blind cave fish, and its unique characteristics here found confirmed its singularity and so, the urgent need for its conservation.

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