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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 63 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 22 no. 10 (2021)" : 63 Documents clear
Seed-transmission of Cowpea mild mottle virus on several varieties of soybean in Indonesia Mimi Sutrawati; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Gede Suastika; Bonny Purnomo Wahyu Sukarno; Ali Nurmansyah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221007

Abstract

Abstract. Sutrawati M, Hidayat SH, Suastika G, Sukarno BPW, Nurmansyah A. 2021. Seed-transmission of Cowpea mild mottle virus on several varieties of soybean in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4182-4185. Seeds and infected plants play important role as source of disease in the field for seed-transmitted virus, such as Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV). Research was conducted to determine seed transmission nature of CPMMV on 10 soybean varieties based on growing on test method and dot immunobinding assay to confirm CPMMV infection. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of seed-transmitted CPMMV as the source of initial inoculum in the field. Soybean var. ‘Anjasmoro’ from 3 cultivation areas (Cianjur, Bogor, and Cirebon) was used for field experiment. Seed transmission of CPMMV was confirmed on soybean var. ‘Detam 2’, ‘Detam 3’, ‘Malika’, ‘Anjasmoro’, and ‘Argomulyo’; but was not found on ‘Detam 1’, ‘Detam 4’, ‘Wilis’, ‘Grobogan’, and ‘Dena 1’. The infection of CPMMV did not show symptom, either on the seedcoat and the unifoliolate leaves. Infection rate of CPMMV on seeds were relatively high, ranged between 27 to 86%. Disease incidence on var. ‘Anjasmoro’ from Cianjur, Cirebon, and Bogor varied from 32.9 to 75% and 57.9 to 81.3% in screenhouse and field experiment, respectivelly.
Short Communication: Investigating gonad length and fecundity in mudskippers (Gobiidae) at the Musi River estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia Moh Rasyid Ridho; Enggar Patriono; Dina Rahmawati; RAHMAT PRATAMA; MUHAMMAD AVESENA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221034

Abstract

Abstract. Ridho MR, Patriono E, Wati DR, Pratama R, Avesena M. 2021. Short Communication: Investigating gonad length and fecundity in mudskippers (Gobiidae) at the Musi River estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4413-4420. Information on the biological aspects of mudskipper (Gobiidae) reproduction is needed as a conservation effort to use economically valuable and sustainable resources in the future. This can be used to enrich the information on the status of the mudskipper research at the Musi River estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The field sampling was carried out by using the purposive sampling method. The sampling of fish was carried out by the researchers and assisted by the people of the community using fishing rods and bubu fish traps. The results showed that 122 mudskipper were obtained, which consisted of four species Boleophthalmus boddarti, Boleophthalmus dussumieri, Periophthalmus chrysospilos, Periophthalmodon schlosseri. 93 male and 29 female fish were caught, the sex ratio was 3.20:1. There are more male than female fish overall with the sampling method used. Most of the female fish fecundity was reported in P. chrysospilos, namely 23,270-36,264 items in GM (III) and ranged from 40,825-87,749 items in GM (IV). The largest egg diameter was reported in P. chrysospilos by 0.051-0.069 mm (GML III) and 0.053-0.062 mm (GML IV), while the smallest weight and length were reported in P. chrysospilos than other species. The egg size was not positively correlated with body size.
Reef fish community structure in the islands of Paraja Bay, Pandeglang District, Banten, Indonesia MUJIYANTO MUJIYANTO; YAYUK SUGIANTI; YUSUF ARIEF AFANDY; RISNAWATI RAHAYU; R. ARIEF BUDIKUSUMA; ADRIANI SRI NASTITI; AMRAN RONNY SYAM; SRI ENDAH PURNANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221033

Abstract

Abstract. Mujiyanto, Sugianti Y, Afandy YA, Rahayu R, Bidikusuma RA, Nasriri AS, Syam AR, Purnaningtyas SE. 2021. Reef fish community structure in the islands of Paraja Bay, Pandeglang District, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4402-4413. Paraja Bay waters have five small islands that coexist with Ujung Kulon National Marine Park and act as a buffer zone for the diversity of fishery resources. This study aimed to assess the reef fishes community structure at small islands in Paraja Bay. Observations were made in 20 locations during August and September 2019 in the five small islands. Reef fishes community structure showed 106 species as included major group (54 species), indicator group (24 species) and target group (28 species), among five small islands, i.e. Badul, Mangir, Oar, Sumur and Umang Islands. The highest reef fishes abundance was founded in Umang Island waters. Several target fish species recorded during the study were mature fish (such as those targeted by fishermen). Only a small proportion were juveniles. Reef fish community structure was categorized as stress community to stable community with its indication was low diversity value, high evenness index, and low dominance. The low diversity index value illustrates that the level of uniformity of reef fish species in Paraja Bay waters is high. This condition is evidenced by each coral fish group's evenness index included in the main species group around 0.93 to 0.98. The target species is 0.88 to 0.99.
Detection of infectious bronchitis-like virus isolated from psittacines at breeding facilities Ganita Kurniasih Suryaman; Retno Damajanti Soejoedono; Okti Nadia Poetri; Agus Setiyono; EKOWATI HANDHARYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221017

Abstract

Abstract. Suryaman GK, Soejoedono RD, Poetri ON, Setiyono A, Handharyani E. 2021. Detection of infectious bronchitis-like virus isolated from psittacines at breeding facilities. Biodiversitas 22: 4261-4265. Captive breeding of parrots has been carried out in Indonesia to fulfill market demand for pets and support conservation efforts. However, there is limited information about Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in captive parrots. Therefore, this study examines IBV virus in psittacines and observes the pathological changes in inoculated chicken embryos. Cloacal swabs were obtained from 31 psittacine birds consisting of 15 sulfur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua sulphurea), 10 palm cockatoos (Probosciger aterrimus), two blue and yellow macaws (Ara ararauna), two green-winged macaws (Ara chloropterus), and two scarlet macaws (Ara macao). Swabs were also injected for 9 days to obtain specific pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs, and allantoic fluids were collected after 7 days. The residual cloacal swabs and allantoic fluid samples were tested for IBV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting spike 1 glycoprotein (S1) and nucleoprotein (N) gene by primer set XCE2+/XCE2- and IBVN+/IBVN-, while the harvested inoculated embryos were examined for histopathological lesions by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Three and one allantoic fluid of C. sulphurea and P. aterrimus respectively were found positive for IBV by primer set IBVN+IBVN-. However, there was no significant difference in the inoculated embryo's gross anatomy, and the slight histopathological changes observed were not caused by the virus. Therefore, it is unclear whether the IB-like virus causes clinical disease manifestation in both Psittacine species or the chicken embryo. This is the first study carried out on IB-like viruses for both species.
Impact of marine protected areas on economical important coral reef fish communities: An evaluation of the biological monitoring of coral reef fish in Anambas Islands, Indonesia RISANDI DWIRAMA PUTRA; RIKOH MANOGAR SIRINGIRINGO; Ani Suryanti; NI WAYAN PURNAMA SARI; MUIN SINAGA; NUNING VITA HIDAYATI; FRENSLY DAMIANUS HUKOM; MUHAMMAD ABRAR; PETRUS CHRISTIANUS MAKATIPU; RIDHO SIANTURI; YUWANDA ILHAM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221006

Abstract

Abstract. Putra RD, Siringiringo RM, Suryanti A, Sari NWP, Sinaga M, Hidayati NV, Hukom FD, Abrar M, Makatipu PC, Sianturi R, Ilham Y. 2021. Impact of marine protected areas on economical important coral reef fish communities: An evaluation of the biological monitoring of coral reef fish in Anambas Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4169-4181. The use of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is the core strategy to reduce the impact of the anthropogenic stressor on marine fisheries, especially in reducing the overexploitation of fisheries resources and destructive fishing in which this plays a significant role in the conservation of marine biodiversity and populations. We conducted a study over 4 years to evaluate and assess the impact of MPAs on economically important reef fish in the Anambas Islands. We compared density, size, biomass, and diversity indices from the seven families of coral reef fish (Acanthuridae, Haemulidae, Lethrinidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae, Siganidae, and Serranidae) using Underwater Visual Census (UVC) with a total of 12 MPAs stations (70-m transect). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to evaluate and assess reserve protection on the coral reef fish, and several ecological indices were used to compare the potential change of economically coral reef fish diversity. We also measured the rate of change in coral cover to identify the effectiveness of the MPAs. After 4 years of studies, our result showed that there was an increase of economical reefs. Fish diversity, density, and biomass increased by 244%, 257%, and 179% respectively. There was no significant difference in the rate of coral cover change among MPAs stations. Economical coral reef fish in Anambas Islands were restored in marine reserve overtimes after fisheries restriction protection, but this does not change the rate of coral cover through time. In addition, the government managed and increased community awareness that significantly influenced decreasing destructive fishing practices and overexploited reef fish species in Anambas Islands but no change in coral cover. The MPAs environmental condition and natural disturbance, including thermal stress and high sedimentation, play a key role in coral cover recovery besides fisheries restriction in the MPAs area.
Agarwood formation in Aquilaria beccariana and Aquilaria microcarpa in response to inoculation of newly isolated fungi from Brunei Darussalam YUMNI HAZIQAH MOHAMMAD; Pooja Shivanand; Faizah Metali; Hussein Taha; NUR BAZILAH AFIFAH MATUSSIN; ABDUL MUIZZ AL-AZIM ABDUL-HALIM; ABDUL ZUL’ADLY MOHAIMIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221002

Abstract

Abstract. Mohammad YH, Shivanand P, Metali F, Taha H, Matussin NBA, Abdul-Halim AMA, Mohaimin AZ. 2021. Agarwood formation in Aquilaria beccariana and Aquilaria microcarpa in response to inoculation of newly isolated fungi from Brunei Darussalam. Biodiversitas 22: 4131-4138. Aquilaria is an important agarwood-producing tree, but naturally occurring agarwood is rare. Artificial induction method is the most commonly used to produce agarwood in a short time. Out of the 21 species of Aquilaria, Brunei Darussalam houses two species that produce high quality agarwood, namely Aquilaria beccariana and A. microcarpa. The aims of this study are to artificially induce agarwood formation using eight different induction treatments: six fungal inoculant treatments with two control treatments, and to isolate and identify fungal strains from naturally infected agarwood tree using DNA barcoding. Agarwood formation was observed at four different time intervals i.e. 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of post-inoculation. Results exhibited that the area and the total length of discoloration zone were significantly greater at 6 and 9 months of incubation period. Induction treatment did not significantly affect the area and the total length of discoloration. FTIR analysis revealed that two aromatic compounds (C – H and C – C stretching) were detected at the wavelength ranges of 3000 – 2800 cm-1, and 1500 – 1400 cm-1 respectively, and OH group was detected at 3600 – 3400 cm-1.  Nine fungal strains from Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor and Trichosporon were isolated and identified from a naturally infected agarwood, and the last two fungi (Mucor and Trichosporon) were never been previously reported.
Species identification and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in Indonesian native chickens, and its impact on egg production Lili Zalizar; ARIS WINAYA; Abdul Malik; Wahyu Widodo; Suyatno Suyatno; Apriliana Devi Anggraini
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221029

Abstract

Abstract. Zalizar L, Winaya A, Malik A, Widodo W, Suyatno, Anggraini AD. 2021. Species identification and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in Indonesian native chickens, and its impact on egg production. Biodiversitas 22: 4363-4369. Gastrointestinal parasite (GIP) infection is a severe problem of local chicken production, such as poultry and egg. Hence, the proper strategy to control the parasite invasion should be implemented regarding chicken productivity performance. Moreover, the existing environment is also essential in supporting chicken production. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence rate of the gastrointestinal helminths in four strains of Indonesian native chicken viz. Ranupane, Lokal Putih, Wareng, and Lurik, and the impact of the chicken egg production. A total of 280 chickens which were evaluated consisting of 70 birds from each strain, were tested for the prevalence of helminths eggs in a sample of feces and the effect on hen day production (HDP). The results showed that the percentage rates of infected chicken with helminths reached 56.43%, and the number of eggs per gram (EPG) in all four strains was considered moderate (115 EPG of feces). At the same time, the average of HDP per the four strains at 7 to 12 months was about 34.36-45.80%, which was in a normal range. The majority of helminths species found in examined native chicken were Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Raillietina spp., and Capillaria spp. The prevalence of GIP helminths did not negatively affect egg production in all four strains of chicken by moderately tolerant infections, and the HDP of chickens was normal.
Short Communication: Bacillus endolithicus and Bacillus paramycoides: New isolates from housefly Musca domestica in Saudi Arabia dina Ezzat Elghwas; ABIR S. AL-NASSER; AISHA A. AL-SHEIKHY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221011

Abstract

Abstract. El-Ghwas DE, Al-Nasser AS, Al-Sheikhy AA. 2021. Short Communication: Bacillus endolithicus and Bacillus paramycoides: New Isolates from housefly Musca domestica in Saudi Arabia. Biodiversitas 22: 4209-4214. Housefly Musca domestica Linnaeus is a common insect widely distributed all over the world. It is one of the domestic insects found associated with humans and animals. The present study investigated the bacterial diversity associated with Musca domestica samples collected from different places such as food courts and trash cans near fast-food restaurants in Makkah Province from October 2019 to December 2019. Eighteen pure isolates of bacterial strains were isolated and identified by Gram staining. Most of the bacterial isolates were Gram-positive except for two species, which were Gram-negative. The VITEK system was used to identify randomly isolate no. 5, 7, 17, 18, and 29. The results revealed that they belonged to the genus Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Micrococcus sp. respectively. Due to the most isolated strains were Bacillus sp., so 16S RNA was used to genetically identify novel isolated strains 5 and 7. Isolate no. 5 showed the highest similarity (99 %) with Bacillus endolithicus, and isolate no. 7 showed the highest similarity (99 %) with Bacillus paramycoides. This is the first record of Bacillus endolithicus and Bacillus paramycoides to be isolated from the house fly Musca domestica L.
Growth of three types of sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) in varying planting spaces in agroforestry system Frisilia Sopacua; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221035

Abstract

Abstract. Sopacua F, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2021. Growth of three types of sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) in varying planting spaces in agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 22: 4423-4430. Sengon (Paraserianthes spp.) is a fast-growing tree species that is commonly cultivated in the agroforestry system by communities in Indonesia, mainly on Java Island. Among several types of sengon, Solomon sengon is currently gaining popularity due to the fast growth in height and stem diameter. Nonetheless, the spacing layout of selected sengon types is unclear, including Solomon sengon, which yields more optimal growth. This study aimed to examine the growth of three sengon types (i.e., Solomon F2, Solomon F1, and local Kendal) in three spacing patterns, namely 1.5x1.5m, 3x1.5m, and 3x3m. This research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 (three months) in the Cikabayan Forest, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java. The parameters of sengon growth observed were plant height, height growth rate, stem diameter, stem diameter growth rate, tree volume, and canopy area. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and continued with Duncan's. The results showed that all types of sengon had optimal growth in the agroforestry system at various spacings. The growth of Solomon F2 adapted well to denser spacings (1.5x1.5m and 1.5x3m) with the highest averages in plant height, stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??10.50 m, 8.65 cm, 0.36 m3, and 5.39 m2. Local Kendal had optimal growth at a wider spacing (3x3m) with the highest average stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??8.96 cm, 0.043 m3, and 1063 m2. While Solomon F1 adapted well to the three spacings with the highest average in plant height, the growth rate of plant height, stem diameter, volume, and canopy area of ??10.05 m, 1.54 m, 8.59 cm, 0.042 m2, and 2075.30 m2. In general, it can be concluded that the Solomon F1 sengon can adapt well to narrow distances or wide distances. While Solomon F2 is more recommended to be planted at a narrower distance and Kendal local sengon is more recommended to be planted at a wider distance to get optimal growth.
Fish disease study of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in a floating marine cage: Endoparasite and blood profile DEWI HIDAYATI; ANNISAA RIZQI NURINDRA; NURLITA ABDULGANI; EDWIN SETIAWAN; NOVA MAULIDINA; NUR SYAHRONI; YEYES MULYADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221044

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayati D, Nurindra AR, Abdulgani N, Setiawan E, Maulidina N, Syahroni N, Mulyadi Y. 2021. Fish disease study of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in a floating marine cage: Endoparasite and blood profile. Biodiversitas 22: 4505-4511. The Indonesian government has multiple targets and priority programs to increase aquaculture productivity in 2021. Hence, the development of mariculture commodities such as Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in one of the potential coastal areas, Sendang Biru, is strategic. However, sustainable productivity needs good management, including the health monitoring of fish. This study aimed to determine the condition of seabass under mariculture in a floating cage in Sendang Biru, Malang, Indonesia. Thirty seabass (Lates calcarifer) from 0 to 60 days after stocking age (ASE) were taken from a Sendang Biru floating cage. Blood and intestine samples were taken five times from day 0 to day 60 ASE. Blood samples were carried out through the caudal vein and observed using a hemocytometer. Endoparasite analysis was performed by fish intestine examination from the anterior intestine to the posterior rectum. Pseudoterranova and Diphyllobothrium were found with 10% and 3.33% prevalence, respectively. The intensity of Pseudoterranova was one individual/fish, and that of Diphyllobothrium was 2.33 individuals/fish. The highest mean of total erythrocyte count (TEC) found in 0 day ASE was at the level of 0.82±0.55×106 cells/mm3, and the lowest was found in 60 days ASE (0.51±0.24×106 cells/mm3). The highest mean of total leucocyte count (TLC) was 9.20±3.69x104 cells/mm3, at day 0, and leukocyte levels tended to decrease until day 60 ASE (7.74±3.43×104 cells/mm3). Overall, despite the TEC and TLC tending to decrease from 0 to 60 days ASE, in statistically indicated no significant differences in TLC at different ASEs (p > 0.05). The hematological profile indicated the health statuses of the cultured Asian seabass in the current study were in a condition of anemic and infected.

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