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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 23 no. 5 (2022)" : 60 Documents clear
Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene as an accurate DNA barcode for identification of macroscopic fungus in Aceh ESSY HARNELLY; HENDRIX INDRA KUSUMA; ZAIRIN THOMY; SAMINGAN SAMINGAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230514

Abstract

Abstract. Harnelly E, Kusuma HI, Thomy Z, Samingan. 2022. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene as an accurate DNA barcode for identification of macroscopic fungus in Aceh. Biodiversitas 23: 2369-2378. Fungal identification is crucial in determining the fungal’s role and benefits and is usually carried out by morphological observation. However, this technique takes a long time and depends on the accuracy of an expert. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the accuracy of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene to identify macroscopic fungi from Aceh, Indonesia. 23 samples were collected from the Pocut Meurah Intan Grand Forest Park in Aceh, Indonesia. Samples were extracted, amplified, electrophoresed, and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the amplified products was analyzed by using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). 7 out of the 11 samples with good and regular peaks were continued until further analyzed using BLAST. The results showed that samples aga2, aga4, aga5, aga6, aga9, rus, and pol were identified as Pleurocollybia sp., Pleurotus djamour, Filoboletus manipularis, Schyzophillum commune, Gymnopilus lepidotus,Auriscalpium vulgare, and Gyrodontium sacchari, respectively. The study findings indicate that the use of the ITS gene as a barcode effectively separates up to the species level from the type. This is very helpful in the identification process, especially when distinguishing cryptic species clearly because of their similarity, which is difficult to distinguish morphologically.
Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) diversity conservation by in vitro culture with IAA and yeast extract Samanhudi Samanhudi; AMALIA TETRANI SAKYA; ANDRIYANA SETYAWATI; MUMTAZ MUAWANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230525

Abstract

Abstract. Samanhudi, Sakya AT, Setyawati A, Muawanah M. 2022. Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) diversity conservation by in vitro culture with IAA and yeast extract. Biodiversitas 23: 2457-2463. Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a scare plant with high economic value and many benefits. Tissue culture is an effective way of producing plants in large quantities, in a short time with uniform results. This study aims to get the proper concentration of IAA and yeast extract for agarwood growth in vitro. The research was conducted in December 2019-June 2020 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. The design used is Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in 2 factors: first factor was IAA concentration with 4 level: 0; 0,5; 1; 1.5 mgL-1 and second factor was yeast extract concentration with 4 levels: 0; 200; 400; 800 mgL-1. Obtained 16 combinations of treatments repeated 3 times so that there are 48 units of experiments. Observed variables: the time of appearance of shoots, the number of shoots, the height of shoots, the number of leaves, and the number of roots. Root count data is described and data other than root count is analyzed ANOVA, if real influence is further tested DMRT 5%. The IAA affects the height of shoots and the number of agarwood leaves in vitro rooted plantlets has 5 plantlets.
Soil organic carbon of grassland and bush forest on dryland in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia UMAR H. ABDULLAH; SUFARDI SUFARDI; SYAFRUDDIN SYAFRUDDIN; TETI ARABIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230541

Abstract

Abstract. Abdullah UH, Sufardi S, Syafruddin S, Arabia T. 2022. Soil organic carbon of grassland and bush forest on dryland in Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2594-2600. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the important components that can improve soil conditions and maintain agriculture sustainability. This study was conducted to determine the potential of soil organic carbon in grassland and bush forest in Aceh Besar District. We used purposive random sampling by taking soil samples at various depths with five samples for each land type. The parameters of soil bulk density, % carbon soil, the potential of carbon and carbon stock were analyzed. Soil organic carbon (SOC) analysis followed the Walkley and Black method using analytical guidelines from the Indonesian Soil Research Institute. The results showed that land type and soil depth affected bulk density, % carbon soil, the potential of carbon and carbon stock. Land type affected soil organic carbon in which grasslands had a higher soil carbon than bush forests. In total, total soil carbon stock in the bush forest of Aceh Besar District was higher than that in grassland due to the much larger extent of bush forest in the district. Land use management efforts to improve soil SOC need to be carried out and in collaboration with various parties. Thus, it is necessary to maintain the availability of soil carbon stock for sustainable land management, including agriculture.
Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection SRI HARTATI; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; ONGKO CAHYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230548

Abstract

Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Cahyono O. 2022. Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection. Biodiversitas 23: 2648-2654. As one of the most plentiful orchid genera, Dendrobium has a potential genetic resource for crossing programs. Morphological characterization is an important step in determining genetic relationships among orchid species in the same genus. The research aims to identify the morphological characteristics of five species of Indonesian Dendrobium in order to assess the potential cross elder candidates. The materials used in this study were D. mirbelianum Gaudich., D. lamellatum (Blume) Lindl., and D. anosmum obtained from Bogor Botanic Gardens; and D.bracteosum Rchb.f. and D. purpureum obtained from Klaten Speci Gardens. This study recorded 30 morphological characters of Dendrobium studied. There were 23 out of the 30 identified morphological characters (76.67%) that showed varying characters in flowers, leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots. Based on the cluster analysis, five species of Dendrobium are separated into two clusters and cluster division does not correlate with the section of Dendrobium. The species with the highest similarity coefficient has the potential to be used as parental in crosses. Dendrobium lamellatum and D. anosmum have the highest similarity coefficient of 0.80 and are the most potential as parental species for crossing, followed by D. bracteosum and D. purpureum with a similarity coefficient of 0.70.
Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcL and trnL-F intergenic spacer AGUS HERY SUSANTO; MURNI DWIATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230558

Abstract

Abstract. Susanto AH, Dwiati M. 2022. Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas 23: 2760-2767. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica(L.) P.Beauv.) is an invasive species commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, consequently threatening global plant biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture. Nevertheless, some of its potential as a medicinal herb, phytoremediation agent, and alternative energy have been reported. genetic variation of cogongrass has been studied in certain areas, however genetic variation in Java, Indonesia has not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to assess the genetic variation of cogongrass in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer (IGS). Twenty-one plant samples were collected randomly from nine different sites and two pairs of universal primers were employed to amplify the markers. The results showed a much lower genetic difference among subpopulations in comparison to genetic variation within individual subpopulations. This result indicates that the subpopulations have high connectivity, meaning the rapid change in terrestrial ecosystems on the island does not affect the cogongrass population.
Evaluation of growth and yield of upland rice varieties under various shading levels and organic fertilizer concentrations HALUS SATRIAWAN; LAILA NAZIRAH; RINI FITRI; ERNAWITA ERNAWITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230549

Abstract

Abstract. Satriawan H, Nazirah L, Fitri R, Ernawita. 2022. Evaluation of growth and yield of upland rice varieties under various shading levels and organic fertilizer concentrations. Biodiversitas 23: 2655-2662. The present study aimed to reveal the effect of shading treatments and organic fertilizer dosages on the growth and yield of several upland rice varieties. A split-split plot experimental design with 3 factors was used in this study, consisting of shading levels as the main plot (0%, 30%, 60%), organic fertilizer as a sub-plot (0 g/plant, 25 g/plant, 50 g/plant, and 75 g/plant) and upland rice varieties as sub-sub plot (Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, Kabir 07 and Malaysian upland). Parameters observed were plant height and tiller numbers (expressed as area under the curve), panicle number, dry hay weight, grain weight, flowering time, and chlorophyll number. Results showed that shading treatments significantly affected panicle number, grain weight, and dry hay weight (0% and 30% shade showed the highest result with no significant differences; while 60% shades showed the lowest results); varieties are an important determinant in tiller numbers (Malaysian upland, Ciherang, Situ Bagendit and Kabir 07 with 798.33 ±7.76 and 792.71 ± 9.4, 764.38 ±8.75 and 738.33 ± 14.84, consecutively) and panicle numbers (Ciherang, Situ Bagendit, Malaysian upland and Kabir 07 with 46.51 ± 5.97, 45.26 ±5.68, 44.31 ± 5.09, and 41.08 ± 5.92, consecutively); while organic fertilizer dosages significantly affected tiller numbers in which 26 t ha-1 and 8 t.ha-1 were the highest and the lowest tiller number observed, respectively. Shade and variety interaction significantly affected plant height and flowering time, while interactions of varieties and organic fertilizer dosages are significant on tiller number, panicle number, grain weight, and dry hay weight. The highest total chlorophyll number was shown by Situ Bagendit variety (144.44 granules mm-2) at 60% shading level, while Kabir 07 (98.8 granules mm-2) at 30% shading level showed the lowest total chlorophyll number. It can be concluded that organic fertilization significantly affected the growth and production of upland rice varieties compared to shading treatments. Thus, upland rice cultivation under shading conditions is the potential to be developed, particularly with appropriate rice varieties and optimum organic fertilization techniques.
Fruit morphological diversity and quality of pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) from six populations in Riau, Indonesia MARDALENI MARDALENI; HASAN BASRI JUMIN; NANDARIYAH NANDARIYAH; AHMAD YUNUS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230533

Abstract

Abstract. Mardaleni, Jumin HB, Nandariyah, Yunus A. 2022. Fruit morphological diversity and quality of pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) from six populations in Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2526-2533. Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake), which belongs to the Sapindaceae family, has economic value, but information on the morphological diversity and quality of its fruit is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the morphology and quality of pulasan fruits from six populations in Riau Province, Indonesia and observe the kinship among populations. A total of 18 qualitative and 13 quantitative characteristics were evaluated on 67 pulasan cultivars. The difference among morphological characteristics was to analysed using ANOVA and Duncan multiple range tests, while the kinship analysis used UPGMA. Results of the quantitative and qualitative characterization of pulasan fruits showed high diversity among populations. The fruit is oblong, and it has a uniform skin color, sweet taste, aril cream-white color, and aril that can be easily peeled from the seeds. These characteristics indicate good fruit quality. Dendrogram analysis divided the population into two large groups at 73% similarity. The first group consisted of the population of Kampar Kiri, Gunung Sahilan, and Kuok, whereas the second group consisted of the population of Bengkalis, Siak, and Kuansing. The results of this study provide baseline information to obtain potentially superior characteristics for breeding and conservation of genetic resources, which can be used as a basis for the conservation of the germplasm of pulasan.
Hunting of wild animals by Saubeba Community in Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia Saremay Sawaki; Denisa Taran; Fransiskus Taran; Robi Bomoi; Marsia Rumateray
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230519

Abstract

Abstract. Sawaki S, Taran D, Taran F, Bomoi R, Rumateray M. 2022. Hunting of wild animals by Saubeba Community in Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2411-2416. Hunting is a way to harvest wild animals from nature and it is still a common practice by local communities in Papua, Indonesia. This study aims to investigate traditional ecological knowledge of hunting wild animals by Saubeba community in Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia. The data was collected through open interviews to 32 respondents determined using the snowball sampling technique. The result showed that hunting is performed in a group of 4-8 members when the dark moon happens. A group of hunters consists of adult men and teenage boys aged above 15 years old. They hunt 3-4 times per month with a duration of 2-3 days in the forest. Modern hunting is carried out using weapons, while traditional hunting is performed with the help of dogs, used arrows, spears and snares. Women are not allowed to hunt and they are prohibited to touch all hunting equipment and the catches. Among the wild animals hunted, nine out of sixteen species are categorized as protected animals and some of them have high conservation concerns in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and Convention on International Trades on Endangered Species (CITES) list. No conservation efforts are planned and applied by the hunters and the community. However, there is a shift in the diet, in which eleven respondents stop hunting and start to raise livestock for consumption purposes. This suggests that assistance in livestock rearing programs by government is required to reduce the hunting pressure on the remaining wild animals.
Estimated economic value of pollination by Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) on tomato and chili Nadzirum Mubin; Allen Okta Kusmita; Atia Rohmah; Ali Nurmansyah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230535

Abstract

Abstract. Mubin N, Kusmita AO, Rohmah A, Nurmansyah A. 2022. Estimated economic value of pollination by Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) on tomato and chili. Biodiversitas 23: 2544-2552. Insects have various roles, one of which is as pollinators. Horticultural crops such as tomatoes and chilies need the help of pollinating insects to increase productivity. The stingless bee, Tetragonula laeviceps, is one of the potential pollinating agents. This study aimed to determine the effect of pollination by T. laeviceps on crop production and estimated pollinating insect’ economic value. The study was conducted using a field experiment with 3 pollination treatments included pollination with the help of T. laeviceps (open pollination / OP), pollination by wind (WP), and self-pollination (SP). The estimated economic value of pollination was calculated using a bio-economic approach based on the level of dependence of the plant on pollination. The results showed that open pollination (OP) treatment by T. laeviceps increased fruit set and seed set by 2-3 times that of wind pollination and 4-5 times that of self-pollination. The open pollination treatment significantly affected on the diameter and weight of tomato fruit compared to the WP and SP treatments but not on chili. Meanwhile, open pollination can increase the length of chili fruit. OP, WP, and SP treatments had no significant effect on tomatoes and chilies’ weight loss, damage level, and hardness level. Based on tomato and chili production, the economic value of T. laeviceps was 44 times (tomato) and 20 times (chili) from self-pollination and 65 times (tomato) and 11 times (chili) from wind pollination.
Genetic diversity of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) from several locations in North Sumatra, Indonesia based on RAPD markers YAYA HASANAH; LISA MAWARNI; HAMIDAH HANUM; ANGGRIA LESTAMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230518

Abstract

Abstract. Hasanah Y, Mawarni L, Hanu, H, Lestami A. 2022. Genetic diversity of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) from several locations in North Sumatra, Indonesia based on RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 23: 2405-2410. Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of the leading horticultural and spice commodities in Indonesia. Assembling shallot varieties to get a good seed quality requires a high genetic diversity which can be analyzed using molecular markers. This study aims to identify the genetic diversity of shallots from several locations in North Sumatra, Indonesia based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. This research was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan from September to October 2021. A total of 11 shallot varieties from several locations in North Sumatra were genetically analyzed based on RAPD markers with OPA-13, OPB-07, OPD-20, OPM-01 primers. The results showed that 11 shallot varieties originating from several locations in North Sumatra had a high genetic diversity with the presence of two main groups at a dissimilarity coefficient of 76%. These beneficial results can be used as a complement to morphological markers in the genetic study of shallots for breeders to decide what genotypes will be crossed to make new genetic combinations in the development of shallots. This study reports the success of the shallot varieties’ fingerprints using RAPD markers.

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