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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 65 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 23 no. 9 (2022)" : 65 Documents clear
Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest Puguh Karyanto; Adifa Risa Bagasta; IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; SHUKOR MD NOR; Sri Suci Utami Atmoko; Ari Susilowati; SUNARTO SUNARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230943

Abstract

Abstract. Karyanto P, Bagasta AR, Nayasilana IN, Nor SMD, Atmoko SSU, Susilowati A, Sunarto 2022. Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest. Biodiversitas 23: 4759-4769. Many mountain forests on Java Island have suffered from forest degradation, fragmentation, and alien species invasion that cause a significant change in vegetation structure. This changing floristic structure may affect the foraging substrate of the foliage eater ebony langur, Trachypithecus auratus. Hence, ascertaining the plants eaten by the langur may contribute significantly to informing important ecological data about its foraging adaptation and conservation. We analyzed six fecal samples of the langur from three forest sites in Mount Merbabu National Park, Indonesia. This research used the plant mini barcode to sequence the ribulose-biphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcl) in the mitochondrial DNA of the plants eaten by the langur using the Next Generation Sequencing. We compare the NGS results to floristic reference data from a vegetation survey preceding the fecal analysis. The NGS found 238 OTUs that belong to 32 taxa. Most of the langur’s diet belongs to the lower crop community. The study’s results suggest that the ebony langur’s dietary composition shows an adaptation to the new floristic composition. However, since the habitat is continuously degraded, the stakeholders must perform appropriate home-building-based habitat management practices to conserve this vulnerable species.
Genetic diversity analysis and phylogeography of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene Ardiansyah Kurniawan; Andi Kurniawan; Anik Martinah Hariati; Nia Kurniawan; Teguh W Nugroho; Endang Bidayani; Ahmad F Syarif; Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230941

Abstract

Abstract. Kurniawan A, Hariati AM, Kurniawan A, Kurniawan N, Nugroho TW, Bidayani E, Syarif AF, wiadnya DGR. 2022. Genetic diversity analysis and phylogeography of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene. Biodiversitas 23: 4738-4746. The Sundaland fish species, Osteochilus spilurus is only utilized commercially in the Belitung Islands and has yet to be domesticated. This species can characterize freshwater fish phylogeography because have a minimum of human influence. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogeography of O. spilurus from the Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene. Twenty fish samples were collected from the Sebangau and Kapuas Rivers in Kalimantan, the Lenggang River in Belitung Island, and the Lebak River in Bangka Island. Forward LA-cyp and reverse HA-cyp primers were used for amplification Cytochrome b gene. Mega 10.0 applications were used to construct of the phylogenetic tree. The phylogeographic analysis uses a comparative phylogenetic tree approach with geographical history. The cytochrome b gene showed variations in the nucleotides of O. spilurus from the three islands. Phylogeography of O. spilurus showed that there are two different clades with intraspecific variation according to a geographic area with bootstrap values of 99-100%. One clade contains fish samples from Bangka and Belitung islands, while the other clade comes from Kalimantan island. The formation of the Karimata Strait (between Bangka-Belitung and Kalimantan Islands) and the pattern of paleo rivers are predicted to influence the disparity.
Photoperiod effect on vegetative growth and bulbing initiation of four garlic genotypes NIKEN KENDARINI; SYARIFAH IIS AISYAH; AWANG MAHARIJAYA; SOBIR SOBIR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230938

Abstract

Abstract. Kendarini N, Aisyah SI, Maharijaya A, Sobir. 2022. Photoperiod effect on vegetative growth and bulbing initiation of four garlic genotypes. Biodiversitas 23: 4716-4723. The main factors influencing garlic growth and development were genetics, photoperiod, and temperature. Low temperature and short photoperiod were required for initial growth, followed by a long photoperiod and high temperature for bulbing and bolting. The study was conducted to evaluate the response of garlic genotypes to photoperiod on the vegetative growth and bulbing initiation, and physiological traits (C/N ratio, GA, and total chlorophyll content). Four garlic genotypes used in this experiment consisted of two Chinese garlic genotypes (hardneck and softneck) and two local garlic cultivars (Sangga Sembalun and Tawangmangu Baru). The garlic plants were subjected to the treatment of short photoperiod (control) and long photoperiod (night break and extension methods). The results showed that the Chinese hardneck and softneck had plant vegetative growth with a higher vigor than Sangga Sembalun and Tawangmangu Baru in all photoperiod treatments. Sangga Sembalun and Tawangmangu Baru had bulbing index below 0.3 in all photoperiods. The Chinese hardneck and softneck genotypes had bulbing index greater than 0.5 in all photoperiod treatments, except the hardneck in the night break treatment. The bulbing initiation in Chinese garlic genotypes was delayed in long photoperiod treatments. High temperature during the experiment affected bulbing initiation in long photoperiod treatment. The garlic genotypes had different responses to photoperiod treatments in C/N ratio, GA, and total chlorophyll content. The vegetative growth increased under extension treatment, and night break accelerated bulb formation. Long photoperiod increased C content and C/N ratio in the leaves while it decreased N content and photosynthetic pigment content. The late maturity time (Chinese hardneck and Chinese softneck) depended on long photoperiods for the bulbing formation. In contrast, local garlic cultivars with the early and mid-season types (Sangga Sembalun and Tawangmangu Baru) were insensitive to photoperiod.
Effects of plot size on assessment of tree species diversity in Caspian forests of Iran AMER MIRZAZADEH; HASSAN POURBABAEI; MEHRDAD GHODSKHAH DARYAEI; AMIRESLAM BONYAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230957

Abstract

Abstract. Mirzazadeh A, Pourbabaei H, Daryaei MG, Bonyad A. 2022. Effects of plot size on assessment of tree species diversity in Caspian forests of Iran. Biodiversitas 23: 4879-4886. Tree species diversity is important to forest managers because any management that reduces tree species diversity may greatly reduce commercial benefits. Therefore, control over tree species diversity is an important aspect of hardwood forest management. An efficient and quick survey method is needed to facilitate the assessment of tree species diversity in forest stands. In this study, the effects of plot size on the assessment of tree species diversity were compared in the uneven-aged hardwood stands in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran. There were selected 50 hectares of these forests representing the regional forests. Sampling procedures were carried out on concentric lozenge plots with different sizes, including 400, 800, 1000, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2500, and 5000 m2 in the dimensions of 150×150m. For each plot, the type of the species and the number of trees were recorded. Shannon-Wiener (H’), Simpson (1-D), Mc-Arthur (N1), Hill (N2), Camargo (E'), Simpson (E1/D), Nee (EQ), Smith-Wilson (Evar), Menhinick (R2), Margalef (R1) indices were used to estimate of tree species biodiversity. The precision and cost criteria (E%2× T) were applied for a better evaluation of different plot sizes. The obtained inventory error values showed that Hill (diversity), Camargo (evenness) and Menhinick (richness) indices had the lowest inventory error in the different plot sizes. Also, the lowest value of inventory error in diversity, evenness and richness indices were related to plot sizes of 2500, 5000, and 5000 m2, respectively. Based on the obtained results of diversity and evenness indices, there was a significant difference between the different plot sizes and different indices. The results showed that the lowest value of E%2×T for diversity, evenness and richness was related to Hill (800 m2), Camargo (1000 m2), and Menhinick (400 m2). The finding results revealed that plot size had a significant effect on tree species’ evenness.
Influence of land cover types on soil quality and carbon storage in Moramo Education Estate, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia SYAMSU ALAM; SAHTA GINTING; M. TUFAILA HEMON; SITTI LEOMO; LAODE MUHAMMAD HARJONI KILOWASID; JUFRI KARIM KARIM; YUSANTO NUGROHO; JERIELS MATATULA; PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA WIRABUANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230901

Abstract

Abstract. Alam S, Ginting S, Hemon MT, Leomo S, Kilowasid LMH, Karim J, Nugroho Y, Matatula J, Wirabuana PYAP. 2022. Influence of land cover types on soil quality and carbon storage in Moramo Education Estate, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4371-4376. This study investigated the influence of different land cover types on soil quality and carbon storage in Moramo Education Estate (MEE). Information is required as fundamental consideration to determine the best landscape management strategies for supporting soil conservation and climate change mitigation. Data were collected from three types of land cover generally found in this area, including forests, shrubs, and savannas. Three permanent sampling plots were randomly placed in every land cover as replicates with a size of 20 m × 20 m. Six parameters were used to describe the soil quality, i.e., soil acidity, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and cation exchange capacity. The above and belowground carbon storage from every plot was quantified. The soil quality and carbon storage among land cover types were compared using analysis of variance and Tukey’s honestly significant difference. Pearson’s correlation analysis was also applied to evaluate the relationship between soil quality and carbon storage. The results show that soil quality significantly differed in the exchangeable potassium and cation exchange capacity. A similar trend was also demonstrated in aboveground carbon storage. The highest average carbon storage was recorded in forests (150.50 ± 27.79 t ha?1), followed by shrubs (52.50 ± 15.02 t ha?1) and savannas (45.97 ± 4.42 t ha?1). The total carbon storage at different land covers was significantly correlated to soil acidity, available phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity. Carbon storage improved with the increased available phosphorus and cation exchange capacity. In contrast, carbon storage was negatively correlated with soil acidity. Overall, the land cover types significantly influenced soil quality and carbon storage in MEE.
Identification and prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) and Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus) at Petungkriyono Forest, Central Java, Indonesia M.Y. KHANSA KHARISMAWAN; ISHMA MAULA; PUDJI ASTUTI; ARIF SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230916

Abstract

Abstract. Kharismawan MYK, Maula I, Astuti P, Setyawan A. 2022. Identification and prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) and Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus) at Petungkriyono Forest, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4501-4509. Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) and Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus) are arboreal primates found at Petungkriyono Forest, Central Java, Indonesia. An increase in ecotourism activity in Petungkriyono Forest affected wildlife behavior and forest landscape along the road. Canopy connections separated by the main road is essential for both of these primates They were spotted foraging food and moved across the separated habitat using available canopy. Based on their activity and habitat along the main road, this research is conducted to identify and count the prevalance of soil-transmitted helminth eggs in their gastrointestinal through their feces. A total of 72 Javan gibbon and 46 Javan langur fecal samples were collected under 10% formalin preservation. Fecal samples were examined using the mini-FLOTAC method for Javan gibbon and the flotation method for Javan langur. The results indicate three orders, including Enoplida, Strongylida, and Rhabditida, were found and the prevalence of helminthiasis is 31.94% for Javan gibbon and 47.82% for Javan langur. Eventhough both of these primates helminthiasis prevalance is considered to be low, higher prevalance in Javan langur was caused by its behavior to be less arboreal than Javan gibbon.
Assessing the bird and tree species diversity in the north of Badung, Bali, Indonesia Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusua Yuni; I Made Saka Wijaya; Ida Ayu Eka Pertiwi Sari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230914

Abstract

Abstract. Yuni LPEK, Wijaya IMS, Sari IAEP. 2022. Assessing the bird and tree species diversity in the north of Badung, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4482-4489. Bird diversity is related to tree diversity, which is influenced by landscape heterogeneity. Here, we reported the bird diversity of Jempanang, Bali, Indonesia, in riparian, plantation, and forest edge habitats estimated through a point count survey undertaken in June 2021, and related to patterns of tree diversity. Overall, Jempanang had a high diversity of bird and tree species, with 54 bird species and 18 tree species recorded in total. Among habitats, bird diversity was highest in the riparian area, whereas the plantation and forest edges had moderate bird diversity. The plantation had the lowest absolute tree diversity, but all sites had a moderate level of tree diversity. The wide range of land uses in Jempanang provides a diverse composition of plant species, thereby increasing the number of environmental niches and driving higher diversity of bird species. The presence of apex raptor species indicates that Jempanang can be considered an area with good environmental quality. Considering the high diversity of bird and tree species in the area, birdwatching activities could be promoted as an agent for community-based conservation, potentially providing local incentives for preserving the area’s biodiversity.
The effect of integrated pest management on Scirpophaga innotata population and natural enemies on rice field in South Sulawesi, Indonesia Rahmawasiah Rahmawasiah; Abdul Latief Abadi; Gatot Mudjiono; Akhmad Rizali
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230917

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawasiah, Abadi AL, Mudjiono G, Rizali A. 2022. The effect of integrated pest management on Scirpophaga innotata population and natural enemies on rice field in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4510-4516. White rice stem borer, Scirpophaga innotata, is an important pest on rice plants that needs attention because the population is quite large in Luwu Raya. This pest attacks rice plants at all growth stages and can result in yield losses in rice production. Synthetic insecticides are a common control technique used by farmers to control these pests. The continuous use of pesticides will certainly have a negative impact. Therefore, pursuing effective control strategies and maintaining environmental sustainability is necessary. This study aimed to determine the white rice stem borer population and its natural enemies on rainfed land, and permanent irrigated lands managed conventionally and integrated pest management. The research was carried out using insect sampling techniques and calculating the white rice stem borer population and natural enemies in rice cultivation. In rainfed and irrigated rice fields, rice cultivation was carried out using conventional methods and integrated pest management (in the form of planting refugia and regulating the use of synthetic pesticides). The sampling was carried out on plants from the vegetative phase to the generative phase. The type of insect taken was the white rice stem borer in the form of collecting groups of eggs and larvae. Imago was observed visually and using a farmcop. In addition, the collection of natural enemy insects on the plantation was also carried out. The results showed that the application of the integrated pest management system caused no significant effect on the decline of the white rice stem borer population in both rainfed and permanently irrigated lands in Luwu Raya. The white rice stem borer population was more commonly found in rainfed land than permanently irrigated land. The parasitoids found were Telenomus rowani, Tetrastichus schoenobii and Trichogramma japonicum. The population of Telenomus rowani was more numerous than other types of parasitoids. On average, the parasitoid population was more in the land managed by integrated pest management (IPM) application than the conventionally managed land. The predators found on the land were Oxyopes javanus, Agriocnemis femina, Conocephalus longipennis, Menochilus sexmaculata, Ophionea nigrofasciata, Micraspis lineata, and Paederus fuscipes. Predator populations were more on land managed with the application of IPM than on land managed conventionally.
Analysis of the relationship between the ENSO phenomenon, Net Primary Productivity and catches of yellowfin tuna in Sibolga Waters, Indonesia AMANATUL FADHILAH; RUSDI LEIDONALD; IPANNA ENGGAR SUSETYA; ASTRID FAUZIA DEWINTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230909

Abstract

Abstract. Fadhilah A, Leidonald R, Susetya IE, Dewinta AF. 2022. Analysis of the relationship between the ENSO phenomenon, Net Primary Productivity and catches of yellowfin tuna in Sibolga Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4440-4447. The eastern Indian Ocean includes the western seas off of North Sumatra. They have a high potential for catching fish, which is a measure of their degree of primary production. Numerous factors, including oceanic conditions and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena, frequently have an impact on its potential. Additionally, ENSO has an influence on the availability of nutrients that generate chlorophyll, a component of primary production, as well as water mass. It is also responsible for anomalies of sea surface temperature (SST) that occur in the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the ENSO phenomenon on primary productivity as well as the abundance of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the western waters of North Sumatra. Data were obtained from the Aqua MODIS level 3 satellite for analysis of net primary productivity (NPP) using various parameters, namely Vertically Generalized Production Model (VGPM), Ocean Niño Index (ONI), yellowfin tuna catch, winds from ERDDAP, and currents from AVISO. Its relationship with the abundance of yellowfin tuna, and ENSO was then determined using the Pearson correlation. The VGPM calculation showed that NPP for 2016-2020 ranged from 275.169 mgC/m2 to 994.898 mgC/m2. The study also revealed that the ENSO phenomenon has a weak relationship with primary productivity and the abundance of yellowfin tuna with correlation values of 0.262 and -0.191, respectively.
Characterization of lactic acid bacteria from buffalo dairy product (dadiah) as potential probiotics SALAM N. ARITONANG; ELLY ROZA; YETMANELI YETMANELI; AFRIANI SANDRA; RIZQAN RIZQAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230906

Abstract

Abstract. Aritonang SN, Roza E, Yetmaneli, Sandra A, Rizqan. 2022. Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Buffalo Dairy Product (Dadiah) as Potential Probiotics. Biodiversitas 23: 4418-4423. Dadiah is one of fermented milk from West Sumatra which made from buffalo milk. These product made traditionally by pouring fresh buffalo milk into a bamboo stick covered with banana leaves and fermenting at room temperature for two days. The study's objective was to isolate and identify Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from dadiah as candidates for probiotics. The factors that are considered are LAB Characterization, Biochemical and Microscopic Characterization of LAB Isolate, Bacterial Resistance in Acidic conditions, Bile Salts Resistance, and Antimicrobial Activity. Furthermore the isolate identify by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using 16S rRNA. Samples of dadiah were collected from five farmers in Tanjung Bonai Village, North Lintau Buo Regency, Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Observations were made in four replications, and the data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The total colony of lactic acid bacteria from dadiah was 7x108-23x108 CFU/mL. LAB isolates from dadiah were classified as Gram-positive bacilli. The isolates are resistant to acidic conditions and bile salts and have inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria. Identifying the selected isolate using the 16S rRNA showed that the isolate had similarities with Lactobacillus casei strain HDS-01. It can be concluded that dadiah used in this study is as a probiotic food.

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