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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Agronomical performance of soybean genotypes infected by Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus in various level of nitrogen ENDRIK NURROHMAN; SITI ZUBAIDAH; HERU KUSWANTORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200515

Abstract

Abstract. Nurrohman E, Zubaidah S, Kuswantoro H. 2019. Agronomical performance of soybean genotypes infected by Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus in various level of nitrogen. Biodiversitas 20: 1255-1263. Nitrogen is one of the essential nutrients during the process of vegetative and generative growth of soybean. Nitrogen deficiency during the growth can adverse to agronomical plant traits. This study was aimed to discover the influence of nitrogen on the agronomical traits of the soybean lines and varieties infected by cowpea mild mottle virus (CpMMV). The trial was arranged in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was the nitrogen dose consisting of four nitrogen doses while the soybean genotypes as the second factor consisted of seven genotypes. The results showed that nitrogen did not influence the plant resistance to CpMMV. The plant resistance was more affected by the genotype. The soybean genotypes were significant differences in the pod length, the pod width, and the flowering date. The interaction between genotype and nitrogen was found in the number of filled pods, the number of unfilled pods plant-1, the number of reproductive nodes plant-1, the number of total pods and the seed weight plant-1. The relationship in agronomic traits showed that significant positive correlations were found between number of filled pods with number of total pods, seed length with seed width and seed thickness, while the significant negative correlations were found between pod thickness with number of unfilled pods and maturity date with weight of 50 seeds.
Potential of endophytic bacteria from rice root as potassium solvent WARZATULLISNA WARZATULLISNA; LENNI FITRI; YULIA SARI ISMAIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200520

Abstract

Abstract. Warzatullisna, Fitri L, Ismail YS. 2019. Potential of endophytic bacteria from rice root as potassium solvent. Biodiversitas 20: 1303-1308. Endophytic bacteria live in plant tissues and known to have many benefits for plant growth. One function of endophytic bacteria are known to be able to dissolve potassium. Potassium is one of the macronutrients that plays an important role in plant growth and development. This study aims to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates from the roots of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) which have potential as potassium solvents, identify the endophytic bacteria in morphologically and physiologically, and analysis of the selected isolate 16S rRNA genes. Selected endophytic bacterial isolates from the test of dissolving potassium on medium Alexandrov, measured clear zone using calipers and continued with biochemical tests using KIT DL-96E also identified based on 16S rRNA gene and compared for their close relationship with reference strains available in the Bank Genes. Based on the isolation results, 7 isolates from the roots of rice were obtained. Six isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to dissolve potassium. EPK3 isolates were the isolates that are capable of dissolving the highest potassium in Alexandrov media with a 17.9 mm potassium dissolution index. EPK3 isolates also produce inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae with a 1.2 mm inhibition zone. Physiological identification showed that EPK3 isolates were Enterobacter cloaceae bacteria with 93.79% of similarity. Based on the 16SrRNA gene showed that EPK3 isolates were closely related to E. cloaceae strain SBP-8 with similarity rate is 99%.
Predicting spawning date of nyale worms (Eunicidae, Polychaeta) in the southern coast of Lombok Island, Indonesia IMAM BACHTIAR; NAILA TASLIMAH BACHTIAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200406

Abstract

Abstract. Bachtiar I, Bachtiar NT. 2019. Predicting spawning date of nyale worms (Eunicidae, Polychaeta) in the southern coast of Lombok Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 971-977. Spawning of marine nyale worms has been an important component of Sasak tradition of Bau Nyale (fishing nyale) for centuries and a tourism icon of the District of Lombok Tengah since the 1990s. Nyale is a mixture of epitokies of 3-5 species of Polychaeta worms (mostly Palola spp.) for reproduction. At present, prediction of spawning date of the nyale worms is carried out traditionally that might not satisfy demand of tourism market. The present study is to develop a scientific-based method for predicting date of nyale worms spawning or nyale swarming. Since available data are scarce, development of the method of data collection mainly uses analogy from polychaetes and other invertebrate reproduction patterns and any available information from traditional customs. Three hypotheses were developed to generate prediction for 100 years, from 2000 to 2100, and then these prediction dates were verified using available data before 2018. In the past 9 years, there are two mismatches between scientific and traditional predictions, i.e., 2015 and 2017 spawnings, in favor of the new prediction method. The new scientific prediction method provides more objective and accurate date of nyale worm spawning than the traditional method. The present prediction also shows that split spawning dates, February and March, do not come to pass every year, as traditional nyale fishers generally believe them. It is also found that nyale worms are consistently using international lunar calendar for its spawning date, instead of local and national lunar calendars. This study provided the first scientific nyale swarming prediction in Lombok to complement existing traditional prediction. The prediction is very useful to promote the biggest annual traditional festival in Lombok for international visitors.  
The structure of mangrove communities in response to water quality in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia NILAM SARI; MUFTI P PATRIA; TRI EDHI BUDHI SOESILO; IWAN GUNAWAN TEJAKUSUMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200712

Abstract

Abstract. Sari N, Patria MP, Soesilo TEB, Tejakusuma IG. 2019. The structure of mangrove communities in response to water quality in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1873-1879. The waters of Jakarta Bay, which is a habitat for mangrove vegetation, have been polluted caused by many human activities such as development of housing, industry, tourism and facilities along the coast, and reclamation of man-made islands. The islands reclamation has caused changes in ocean current pattern and has impacts on material mobilization in the waters. The mangroves have experienced degradation as well since long time ago. The purpose of this research was to investigate the responses of mangrove vegetation to the quality of water in disturbed areas in Jakarta Bay to be used as baseline information for mangrove forest management in the area. Analysis of vegetation was used to examine mangrove community structure with the results were then related to the measurements on water quality using simulation modeling. The results show that mangrove forests in Jakarta Bay have an average Important Value Index (IVI) for all levels of life stage 95.7% with relative density of 28.85%, relative frequency of 29.21%, and closure relative of 38.62%. These results indicate that the mangrove forests in Jakarta Bay are under the criteria of damaged or disturbed according to the Minister of Environment Regulation. The mangrove forests were dominated by Avicennia marina, Avicennia lanata, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Sonneratia alba. The average of ocean current velocity was 0.04-0.08 m/s. tides were single type with short waves generated by wind. The water discharge from 13 rivers were 205 ± 97 m3/s and the water discharge from power plant 224.9 m3/s. The heavy metal whereas The average pH was 7.75; Dissolved Oxygen 4.68 mg/L; turbidity 5 m; Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 50.95 mg/L; and salinity 6.6 ‰. The result of grain size analysis showed that most sediments obtained was in the form of silt with a mixture of little clay and sand. The responses showed that there was a reinforced pattern for pH, temperatures, rainfall, brightness, sediment, DO, and ocean current, with a trend of exponential growth in two years next of important value index of mangroves in response to water quality in Jakarta Bay. The heavy metals of Pb have concentrations of 65-104 ppm in sediments and 38-60 ppm in the water column; Zn has 150-258 ppm in sediment and 42-140 ppm in water column; Cu has 34-72 ppm in sediment and 13-30 ppm in water column; Ni has 33-39 ppm in sediment and 40-50 ppm in water column; Cd has 5.9-8 ppm in sediment and 8.5-15 ppm in the water column. The heavy metals, TSS, and water river discharge have balance-decay pattern. The amount of river water discharge entering Jakarta Bay, the heavy metals, and the low level of ocean currents cause coastal waters of Jakarta Bay to become muddy puddles that cannot flow properly. These conditions make the mangrove forest habitat becomes polluted and the mangrove vegetation degraded. Therefore, all of these things need to get serious attention so the mangrove forests can be restored and the function of mangroves can return to normal.
Geometric morphometry of pupae to identify four medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand TANAWAT CHAIPHONGPACHARA; PATCHARAPRON TUBSAMUT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200603

Abstract

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Tubsamut P. 2019. Geometric morphometry of pupae to identify four medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1504-1509. In this study, we evaluated an outline-based geometric morphometric (GM) approach for species identification from pupae of four common flies medically important in Thailand, Chrysomya megacephala, Lucilia cuprina, Musca domestica, and Boettcherisca nathani. For size estimation, mean perimeter length was used. For shape analysis, Elliptic Fourier Analysis was performed to produce the contour shape variables, which was calculated as Normalised Elliptic Fourier coefficients. Then, principal component analysis was performed on the Normalized Fourier coefficients for discriminant analysis, and used to estimate pupal shape variation among the species. The difference in size and shape between the fly species was analyzed using a non-parametric test based on 1000 permutations after Bonferroni correction for the significance level (p < 0.05). In the size analysis, the mean perimeter length for pupae of B. nathani was the largest (20.35 mm) followed by C. megacephala (14.73 mm), while that for M. domestica was the smallest (11.82 mm). The size differences were statistically significant between all species (p < 0.05). The contour shapes of all pupae were significantly different among all species. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the future application of GM to identify other types of flies via their pupae.
Short Communication: Species identity and taxonomical position of selected species of Annonaceae based on trnL molecular marker DEWI AYU LESTARI; RODIYATI AZRIANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200411

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari DA, Azrianingsih R. 2019. Species identity and taxonomical position of selected species of Annonaceae based on trnL molecular marker. Biodiversitas 20: 1012-1019. Identification based on morphological characters could be difficult when some characters are not visible. The absence of some morphological characters could effect for identification of species identity and taxonomical position of the species. Confirmation by the DNA data is needed to support species identification. The sequence was used in this research is trnL intron as non-coding sequence DNA, based on chloroplast DNA. The research aimed to estimate of species identity and determine of taxonomical position of species of Annonaceae based on trnL sequences. Methods were used through steps of DNA extraction, DNA amplification, DNA sequencing, and data analysis to selected species of Annonaceae from Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG), the trnL intron sequences of 10 Annonaceae species from GenBank database and two species of Magnoliaceae as out-group. Results showed that trnL sequence as non-coding gene explains the different groupings with the previous groupings in Annonaceae to this observed species. trnL sequence can estimate of species identity as much as 30%, caused by changes of nucleotide bases from mutation and missing data. Polymorphism of DNA sequences showed that 61.18% sites as conserved region, 24.05% sites as polymorphic variation and 14.76% sites as alignment gaps. Oxymitra sp. is in group (monophyletic) with Mitrephora javanica because they are genetically in close relationship (Uvariae tribes and Annonoideae sub-family), Popowia sp. is in group with Orophea enterocarpa, because they are genetically in close relationship (Miliuseae tribes and Malmeoideae sub-family).
Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand TANAWAT CHAIPHONGPACHARA; SEDTHAPONG LAOJUN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200542

Abstract

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Laojun S. 2019. Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1482-1486.  This study assessed landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies in Thailand, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Musca domestica (Linnaeus) and Boettcherisca nathani (Lopes). In the wing size analysis, the centroid size (CS) was computed to estimate the wing size. During wing shape analysis, shape variables were analyzed from principal components of partial warp scores calculated after generalized procrustes analysis of coordinates. Non-parametric permutation-based tests (1000 cycles) were used (after Bonferroni correction) at p < 0.05 for statistical comparisons of sizes and shapes between males and females in each fly species. The results of this study, analysis of wing size for sexual dimorphism based on wing CS did not find statistical differences in flies of any type (p > 0.05). However, not the size, the shape of the wings is a common factor used in identification of sexual dimorphism. The wing shape in all species was different between male and female sexes. These results have shown that the GM approach was effective in identifying the sexual dimorphism of C. megacephala, M. domestica and B. nathani, which is one way to help with sex differentiation in cases of incomplete specimens that cannot be classified by morphological methods.
The abundance and diversity of Mollusks in mangrove ecosystem at coastal area of North Sulawesi, Indonesia DEWI WAHYUNI K. BADERAN; MARINI SUSANTI HAMIDUN; RAMLI UTINA; SUKIRMAN RAHIM; RIFAL DALI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200408

Abstract

Abstract. Baderan DWK, Hamidun MS, Utina R, Rahim S, Dali R. 2019. The abundance and diversity of Mollusks in mangrove ecosystem at coastal area of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 987-993. The study reported in this paper sought to analyze the abundance and diversity of Mollusks species in the coastal mangrove areas of Panango in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data collected in the study lent support to policy making in reducing the loss of marine biotic species in the coastal mangrove areas. Data collection used stratified-random sampling method (plot size was 10 m x 10 m) with three plots at each research station was used. Data analyzed by Odum formula for abundance, Shannon Wiener index for diversity and evenness index for evenness. The samples were collected from 2 research station covering 15 sampling sites. This research found 14 families of mollusks comprised of 11 gastropod families (21 species) and bivalve families (3 types). The highest of the relative density was found in Terebralia sp (24,24%), and the lowest relative density was obtained (1,52%) in the following species: Spondylus violaceus, Conus sp., Semiricinula turbinoides, and Faunus ater. The diversity index of mollusks species (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) at the observation station was classified as a high category, indicating by H’ >3,32 (Station I H’= 2,19 and Station II H’= 2,12). The evenness value in range 0,4<e<0,6. This indicates that the Mollusks species found in the research site had a medium amount. This study suggests a need to regulate mangrove areas of Panango for sustainable mangrove ecosystems management.
Molecular identification 16S rRNA gene of active proteolytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) fruit Habibi Hidayat; WINARTO HARYADI; SABIRIN MATSJEH; TRI JOKO RAHARJO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200816

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayat H, Haryadi W, Matsjeh S, Raharjo TJ. 2019. Molecular identification 16S rRNA gene of active proteolytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) fruit. Biodiversitas 20: 2222-2228. Various fermentation food involves microorganisms, especially Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) which has beneficial properties for fermented food. The present study aims to do identification and characterization of active proteolytic LAB from kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan), a commonly found fruit in South East Asia. From ten LAB isolates, isolates K7 and K8 appeared as basil shape based on Gram staining and were chosen for further examination. The molecular identification of these selected isolates were investigated from the 16S rRNA analysis using universal primer 27F and 1525R. The K7 and K8 isolates showed resistance ability towards acidic environment (pH 2.0) and were examined for protease enzyme screening resulting 7.5 and 6 to clear zone, which was 17 and 12 mm. The result of the molecular characterization from the two isolates indicated that isolate K7 was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp suionicum strain LT-38 while isolate K8 was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain C305.16.
A biodiversity assessment of hard corals in dive spots within Dampier Straits Marine Protected Area in Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia YUANIKE YUANIKE; FREDINAN YULIANDA; DIETRIECH G BENGEN; ROKHMIN DAHURI; JEMMY SOUHOKA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200436

Abstract

Abstract. Yuanike, Yulianda F, Bengen DG, Dahuri R, Souhoka J. 2019. A biodiversity assessment of hard corals in dive spots within Dampier Straits Marine Protected Area in Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1198-1207. Hard coral dominates coral reef ecosystems and has important functions and interactions in communities of marine biota. The structure and diversity of hard coral communities is very important to quantify, especially for the management of coral reef ecosystems. The purpose of this research is to identify the diversity of hard coral types, and quantify the condition of hard coral and their distributions in 10 marine stations in Dampier Straits Marine Protected Areas, Raja Ampat. The research method used was line intercept transects measured at two depths, 3 m and 6 m. The results showed there were 141 hard coral species included in 16 families. The percentage live cover of hard coral was in good conditions with an overall average coverage value of 64,24%. The biodiversity index (H) ranged from 0,84-1,23, the evenness index of species ranged from 0,73-0,94, and the species dominance index ranged from 0,05-0,25, indicating a high biodiversity and a lack of dominance by a single species. Although cover was slightly higher at 3m depth, diversity was slightly higher at 6m depth. In general, the 10 research stations in Dampier Straits has hard coral in good condition and the diversity of hard coral species is very productive and has stable growth compared with other sites in Indonesia.

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