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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Short Communication: Agricultural biodiversity and economic productivity of the yards in Arguni Bawah, Kaimana District, West Papua Province, Indonesia ALFRED ALFONSO ANTOH; NURHAYATI HS ARIFIN; M A CHOZIN; HADI SUSILO ARIFIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200412

Abstract

Abstract. Antoh AA, Arifin NHS, Chozin MA, Arifin HS. 2019. Agricultural biodiversity and economic productivity of the yards in Arguni Bawah, Kaimana District, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1020-1026. Papua Island, Indonesia has abundance of agricultural biological resources. This is reflected in a variety of agricultural products in different parts of the area and in the use of yards, which is not fully utilized. This study was aimed at mapping the agricultural biodiversity of the yards, as well as measuring their economic productivity. The study area was Arguni Bawah Sub-district, Kaimana District, West Papua Province, Indonesia, and the study was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. The average number of plant species recorded from yards were 13, number of individuals being 72 in an average yard size of 696 m2. The smallest yard was 231 m2 with only three species and 4 individuals. The maximum number of species found were 26 with 267 individuals. The maximum size of yards studied was 3,000 m2. There are five functional types of plants with high density and SDR, there are the species producing starch (taro and banana), vegetables (gedi and spinach), fruits (banana) and ornamentals, among others. The Shanon-Wiener diversity index (H´) ranged from 1.8 to 2.5, indicating that the biodiversity of plant species in the yards may be interpreted as abundant or moderate. The evaluation of economic productivity showed that average cash income received by households from yards was Rp.7,693,000.
Evaluation of plant species suitability for lowland forest landscape restoration in Lepan watersheds, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia SAMSURI SAMSURI; ALFAN GUNAWAN AHMAD; ANITA ZAITUNAH; HALIZA KHAIRUNI TAMBUSAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201018

Abstract

Abstract. Samsuri, Ahmad AG, Zaitunah A, Tambusai HK. 2019. Evaluation of suitability of plant species for lowland forest landscape restoration in Lepan watersheds, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2903-2909. Lepan watersheds have high management priority in North Sumatra due to healthy biophysical, socio-economic conditions and issues. Many human activities, such as conversion of forest land into settlements and oil palm plantations have resulted in decreasing the ecological functions of the forest landscape. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate efforts and actions to preserve the environment in order to prevent further damage. The effort required is to restore the already damaged ecosystem with the cultivation of species of plants in accordance with the land and soil conditions of the Lepan watersheds. Four criteria are used for determining suitable plants that can be planted as well as cultivated by the community. They are plant species found in natural forests, plant species meeting the physical and soil characteristics, plant species cultivated by community and plant species based on community perceptions. Species matching was determined by scoring and weighting method. This study found that the most suitable species for restoration activities based on these four criteria is Pterospermum subpeltatum.
The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia SUSINTOWATI SUSINTOWATI; NYOMAN PUNIAWATI; ERNY POEDJIRAHAJOE; NIKEN SATUTI NUR HANDAYANI; SUWARNO HADISUSANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200731

Abstract

Abstract. Susintowati, Puniawati N, Poedjirahajoe, Handayani NSN, Hadisusanto S. 2019. The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2016-2027. Gastropods play an essential role in the ecosystem and can be used as bioindicators of environmental pollution. Understanding of their behavior, habitat, and distribution, and how these factors evolve, is crucial. This paper aimed to describe the diversity of the gastropod community and their spatial taxa distribution, based on the specimen frequency across all observed samples, in the diverse environment of Alas Purwo National Park (APNP), East Java, Indonesia. We studied eight beaches and two mangroves areas, and the study areas of the intertidal zone divided into upper, middle, and lower zones towards the sea. The purposive sampling was used to determine the locations and multi-plot quadrats for observations. The diversity of gastropods was elucidated by using the Shannon and Simpson indexes, while the Morisita index was applied for analyzing their spatial distribution pattern. However, the correspondence analysis and principal component analysis were performed using the software of PAST 3.22 for describing the diversity profile and individual rarefaction of gastropods together with environmental quality. There were three beach types: rocky, sandy, and muddy beaches were found in APNP. The highest diversity index (H’) was found on Pancur beach: H’ = 3.271, D = 0.947 of 67 species. The spatial distribution pattern of gastropods species was weakly clumped to random, with Ip: 0.165 - 0.016. Gastropods, both predators and scavengers, were distributed from the upper to lower zones. The distribution of gastropods in APNP is mostly in type B. These results expand our knowledge of gastropods diversity and distribution of Indonesia’s beach and can contribute to the future environmental assessments of biodiversity of tropical intertidal zones worldwide.
Variation of seed sizes and its effect on germination and seedling growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) AGUS ASTHO PRAMONO; DIDA SYAMSUWIDA; Kurniawati Purwaka Putri
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200920

Abstract

Abstract. Pramono AA, Syamsuwida D, Putri KP. 2019. Variation of seed sizes and its effect on germination and seedling growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla). Biodiversitas 20: 2576-2582. To get high-quality seeds, the size of seed is often suggested to be criteria of selection in seed collection. However, the size is not always effective to be used as a basis for seed selection. The study is aimed to determine the variation of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) seed sizes and its effect on the germination and seedlings growth. The fruits were collected from stands of mahogany in Jonggol and Parung Panjang, Bogor District, Indonesia. The seeds were grouped into 5 classes based on seed size. The observation was conducted on seed viability of each size class as well as the growth of seedlings until 3 months old. The results showed that the seed size of mahogany was affected by position of the seeds inside the fruit, the mother trees, and fruit size. The seeds size of < 6 cm long had significantly lower germination rate and capacity than those seeds of more than 6 cm long. The size of seeds affected the initial growth of seedlings, but did not influence the subsequent growth of seedling after 3 months old. The selection of seeds was done by removing the seeds of less than 6 cm long.  
Genetic diversity of strawberry cultivars in Banyuroto, Magelang, Indonesia based on Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence MUHAMMAD FAUZI ARIF; GANIES RIZA ARISTYA; RINA SRI KASIAMDARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200631

Abstract

Abstract. Arif MF, Aristya GR, Kasiamdari RS. 2019. Genetic diversity of strawberry cultivars in Banyuroto, Magelang, Indonesia based on Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence. Biodiversitas 20: 1721-1728. Banyuroto Village, Magelang, Central Java is the center of strawberry (Fragaria spp.) development and cultivation program. The mild climate makes the location very suitable for developing sub-tropic horticulture such as strawberry. Various kinds of cultivars have been developed as part of the agrotourism program. However, genetic variation research of those cultivars is still rarely done. Therefore, the molecular study of strawberry was conducted to determine the genetic variation using CAPS markers. DNA of Five strawberry cultivars from Banyuroto and seven strawberry cultivars from Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Malang were isolated using the CTAB method. DNA amplification was performed by PCR using four pairs of primers named APx, OLP, F3H2, and CTI2. The amplification results were cut with three kinds of restriction endonuclease enzymes named MboI, MluI, and TaqI. Restriction product was used to analyze the genetic variation of twelve cultivars and to construct the dendrogram using MVSP software with the UPGMA algorithm. The result showed that the percentage of polymorphic was 45% from 9 polymorphic bands. Dendrogram result showed that there were four clusters. Cluster A consists of Stroberi Hitam, Cluster B consists of Californica Cultivars, cluster C consists of Osso Grande and Osso Purbalingga cultivars, and cluster D consists of Rosalinda, Deeprose, Dorit, Earlibrite, Tristar, Festival, Brastagi, and Aerut. This research concluded that CAPS markers can be used as a method for study genetic diversity of strawberries.
Metagenomic analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense-infected soil in banana plantation, Sukabumi, Indonesia YUNUS EFFENDI; A PAMBUDI; A PANCORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200721

Abstract

Abstract. Effendi Y, Pambudi A, Pancoro A. 2019. Metagenomic analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense-infected soil in banana plantation, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1939-1945. Fusarium wilt is one of the most devastating diseases in banana plantation which caused by soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. In this study, metagenomic analysis of 16SrRNA gene was performed for comparing composition, richness, and abundance of healthy soils and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc)-infected soil microbes in rhizospheral area of banana plants. Data showed about 10969 OTU and 10755 OTU of bacteria were identified in healthy soils and Foc-infected soils respectively. The Foc-infected soils showed higher species abundance than healthy soil (ACE index 73,6 and 68,8 respectively). However, healthy soils have more taxa richness than infected-soil (Fisher index 447,7 and 343,4 respectively). Beta diversity analysis indicated infected-soils had lower bacterial diversity in comparison with healthy soils. About 37 phyla were identified and no statistical difference between both soil conditions in the OTUs abundance. However, Acidobacteria (22%) and Verrucomicrobia (13%) tend more abundance in the health soils in comparison in the infected soils 19% and 10% respectively, whereas Proteobacteria was found more abundance in the infected soil (11%) in comparison with the health soil (7%). Interestingly, high abundance of Xanthomonadaceae, member of Proteobacteria was identified in the infected soils which might have a positive correlation with incidence of Fusarium development in the soils.
Isolation of high lipids content microalgae from Wonorejo rivers, Surabaya, Indonesia and its identification using rbcL marker gene TRIONO BAGUS SAPUTRO; KRISTANTI INDAH PURWANI; DINI ERMAVITALINI; ARIF FUAD SAIFULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200530

Abstract

Abstract. Saputro TB, Purwani KI, Ermavitalini D, Saifullah AF. 2019. Isolation of high lipids content microalgae from Wonorejo river, Surabaya, Indonesia and its identification using rbcL marker gene. Biodiversitas 20: 1380-1388. Microalgae are unicellular organism which possesses various biologically active metabolites that used in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and bioenergy industries. One of the most important active metabolites found in microalgae is lipid which can be converted into biodiesel. The higher amount of lipid produced will increases the amount of biodiesel that can be obtained. Although, the production of active metabolites in microalgae has rather fluctuated as it is difficult to obtain the pure cultures of microalgae since it has a cryptic phenomenon. This problem can be solved through identification technique using molecular markers or DNA Barcoding. This research used rbcL gene as the molecular marker in species identification. rbcL gene encode ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RubisCo) in chloroplast genome. Furthermore, microalgae were isolated from 3 different stations of Wonorejo river estuary, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The isolated microalgae were then identified based on Freshwater algae: identification and use as bioindicators book. Eight isolates were successfully identified as Mycrocystis sp., Nostoc sp., Chlorella sp., Tabellaria, Synedra, Nitzschia, Navicula, and Closteriopsis. Out of eight, only 3 species that has a good potential to be developed as biodiesel sources i.e Chlorella sp., Synedra sp., and Navicula sp. that produce 21,20%, 20,30%, 27,20% of total lipids over their biomass. The genomic DNA from those three candidates were then isolated and used as a template to amplify rbcL gene. The obtained fragment of rbcL gene was sequenced and then submitted to the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The result of BLAST used for alignment and phylogenetic tree construction. The result from BLAST shows the same results as the genus observed by microscopy observation. Overall, this research provides information about the genetic variety of microalgae in Wonorejo which has high potential to be further developed as biodiesel.
Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia FARID KAMAL MUZAKI; EDWIN SETIAWAN; GHULAM FATHIR AUTHAR INSANY; NURUL KUSUMA DEWI; IWENDA BELLA SUBAGIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200701

Abstract

Abstract. Muzaki FK, Setiawan E, Insany GFA, Dewi NK, Subagio IB. 2019. Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1787-1793. In this study, we attempt to access diversity and community structure of Echinoderms on seagrass beds in each three belt transect (width 2 m, length 100 m) in Tawang and Pidakan beaches, Pacitan, East Java, Java. Observed parameters were species richness, composition, and abundance, as well as diversity indices: Shannon-Wiener's diversity index (H'), Simpson's dominance index (D) and Pielou's evenness index (J). At the end of the study, we identified one species of sea star (Asteroidea), seven species of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea), ten species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) andnine species of sea urchins (Echinoidea). The most dominant species were Ophiocoma dentata (F. Ophiocomidae), Diadema setosum (F. Diadematiidae), Ophiomastix annulosa (F. Ophiocomidae) and Echinometra mathaei (F. Echinometridae). Value of H’ ranged from 0.538 to 1.252 in Tawang and 1.041 to 1.704 in Pidakan; which showing higher species richness and diversity in Pidakan. Echinoderm in the study area was not evenly distributed; D. setosum was very dominant in Tawang beach, while those three other species were more common in Pidakan. Furthermore, most of Holothuroid and Ophiuroid were found only in Pidakan which have relatively more complex habitat.
Indigenous knowledge of bamboos by Naga community, Tasikmalaya District, West Java, Indonesia BUDI IRAWAN; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; NGESTI RAHAYU; TIA SETIAWATI; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200535

Abstract

Abstract. Irawan B, Partasasmita R, Rahayu N, Setiawati T, Iskandar J. 2019. Indigenous knowledge of bamboos by Naga community, Tasikmalaya District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1423-1434. Naga community is recognized as one of Sundanese traditional groups who reside in Neglasari village, Salawu Subdistrict, Tasikmalaya District, West Java Province, Indonesia. This community has been holding firm customs and culture. For daily needs, they take advantage of plant diversity around their homes, including bamboo. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity (species and variations/landraces), utilization and management of bamboo among Naga community. The method used in this study was mixed method by combining qualitative and quantitative data collection with ethnobotany approach used in ethnobotanical studies. Semi-structured or deep interview, structured interviews, and participant observation method were used to collect data in the field. The result of study showed that there were 7 species and landraces of bamboos, namely Bambusa vulgaris Schard ex Wendl. var. vulgaris (haur hejo), Bambusa vulgaris Schard ex Wendl. var. striata (Lodd. ex Lindley) Gamble (haur koneng), Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schult) Kurz. (awi tali), Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud) Widjaja (awi gede/awi gombong), Gigantochloa atter (Hassk) Kurz. (awi temen), Gigantochloa atroviolacea Widjaja (awi hideung) and Schizostachyum iraten Steud (awi tamiyang) were documented and used in the gardens of Naga communities. Bamboos are traditionally used as building materials, woven for container, traditional musical instruments, equipment for cooking, agricultural and livestock tools, foodstuffs, and others. Bamboo plants in the garden have been traditionally managed which consists of land preparation, planting, maintenance, pest control, harvesting, and utilization. The conservation of bamboos has been traditionally done by Naga community, including selective cutting of bamboo trees instead of clear-cutting, and keeping the bamboos garden not being converted to other land uses.
Short Communication: Growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on dome-shaped concrete artificial reef with different composition FARID KAMAL MUZAKI; RISKHA HANIFA; RUDHY AKHWADY; DIAN SAPTARINI; BUHARIANTO BUHARIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200610

Abstract

Abstract. Artificial reefs are artificial habitats laid in waters by mimicking some of the characteristics of natural reefs; and could be made of different materials, one of which is concrete. Seashell waste and stone ash could be added as an alternative material to the concrete for artificial reefs. The purpose of this research is to access the growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on the hollow dome-shaped concrete with three different compositions: C1), conventional concrete, composed by a mixture of Portland cement, sand, and gravel (composition was 1:3:2); C2), a mixture of Portland cement, sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:2); and C3), a mixture of Portland cement, stone waste (stone dust), sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:3:2). Observation of coral fragment growth was conducted underwater by Scuba diving for 6 months with observed parameters were fragment length, colony diameter and number of branching. The highest rate of fragment lengthening of A. muricata coral fragment was at C2 (1.019±0.081 cm/month) and C1 (1.014±0.076 cm/ month). The highest colony diameter increment was also in C2 (1.903±0.212 cm/month) and C1 (1.856±0.219 cm/month); while largest number of branches was also in C2 (13.31 or 2.21 branch/month) and C1 (12.56 or 2.09 branch/month), respectively. Based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05), there is no significant difference in fragment lengthening and colony diameter in C1 and C2 model, yet differed significantly with C3 model.

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