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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns REN DIVIEN R. OBENA; INOCENCIO Jr E BUOT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200628

Abstract

Abstract. Obeña RDR, Buot JrIE. 2019. Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns. Biodiversitas 20: 1699-1707.  Unknown resources are difficult to utilize. Hence, an extensive study of literature was carried out to determine the Hoya species found in Mindanao, Philippines. The main purpose of the study was to know the Hoya resources in Mindanao, an area which is not exempted to extensive forest degradation. Many of these Hoya species are endemic and vulnerable to extinction. A total of 33 Hoya species which are epiphytes on trees had been recorded in Mindanao. Three species in the area were classified as endangered based on the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) list of threatened species (DAO 2007-01), while one species is classified as vulnerable based on DAO 2017-11. For the past years, forest cover in the Philippines has been continuously declining. This scenario can negatively affect the population of Hoya since the forest serves as a habitat for these species. Protection of the forest land in Mindanao can serve as a conservation strategy of the Hoya species.
The local knowledge of the plant names and uses by Semende tribe people in Kaur District, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia WIRYONO WIRYONO; YUSUF WANANDI; AISYAH KURNIA ILAHI; DESELINA DESELINA; GUNGGUNG SENOAJI; SISWAHYONO SISWAHYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200320

Abstract

Abstract. Wiryono, Wanandi Y, Ilahi AK, Deselina, Senoaji G, Siswahyono. 2019. The local knowledge of the plant names and uses by Semende tribe people in Kaur District, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 754-761. Local botanical knowledge is essential for the survival of local communities, but there is a global trend of the loss of local botanical knowledge among young generation, which causes serious concern among ethnobotanists. The objectives of this study were: (i) to document the diversity of plant species locally utilized by the people of Semende tribe in Bengkulu, Indonesia, (ii) to know the correlation between botanical knowledge and age of those people, and (iii) to test whether their knowledge was affected by gender. Data were gathered through field observations and interviews with key informants and general respondents consisting of males and females, ranging from 16 to 60 years old. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using regression analysis and t-test. The results showed that 106 species of plants were utilized by the people of Semende tribe for 14 types of uses. The knowledge of plant species and uses was positively correlated with age, implying that the young generation lost local botanical knowledge. Men had better botanical knowledge than women. Interaction with plants was presumably the determining factor affecting botanical knowledge. Young people spent less time in gardens than the elders, and so did the women than the men. Conversely, young people spent more time enjoying electronic entertainment than the elders, and so did the women than the men. Deliberate efforts must be done to maintain botanical knowledge among young people.
Short Communication: Diversity and distribution of figs (Ficus spp.) across altitudes in Gunung Tilu, Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia YAYAN HENDRAYANA; PUDJI WIDODO; CECEP KUSMANA; IMAM WIDHIONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200612

Abstract

Abstract. Hendrayana Y, Widodo P, Kusmana C, Widhiono I. 2019. Short Communication: Diversity and distribution of figs (Ficus spp.) across altitudes in Gunung Tilu, Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1568-1574. The genus of Ficus is significant component in tropical rainforest ecosystem, consisting of large number of species and spreading across altitudes. This research was aimed to examine the diversity and distribution of species belong to Ficus genus in Gunung Tilu, Kuningan District, West Java as a basis for building conservation strategies. There were 12 species of Ficus found from the altitudes of 600 to 1000 m asl. The highest number of species was found at the altitudes of 600 - 700 m above sea level with 10 species, while the lowest number of species were found at the altitudes above 1000 m asl with only two species. The highest individual density was found at an altitude of 600 m asl, while the lowest density was at the altitude of 1000 m asl. The distribution pattern of Ficus spreads throughout the region of Gunung Tilu, Kuningan.
Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Heliconia spp. collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden (East Java, Indonesia) inferred by rbcL gene sequences LIA HAPSARI; TRIMANTO TRIMANTO; DIDIK WAHYUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200505

Abstract

Abstract. Hapsari L, Trimanto, Wahyudi D. 2019. Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Heliconia spp. collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden (East Java, Indonesia) inferred by rbcL gene sequences. Biodiversitas 20: 1266-1283. Heliconia L. is a single genus in the family Heliconiaceae, with approximate consists of 200 species. It has wide morphological variations among and within species which led to problems in species identification. Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis using morphology and rbcL marker subjected to 17 Heliconia spp. living collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG) have been conducted. The rbcL gene located in chloroplast genome is one of appropriate proposed marker for plant barcoding assessment. This study aimed to study morphology and genetic variability of the PBG Heliconiaceae collections, to confirms the species name for a more accurate identity record and to reveal the diversity and phylogenetics of the species. Morphological characterization showed high variability among Heliconia species, which included 3 subgenera (Heliconia, Stenochlamys, and Griggsia) and 1 hybrid. Each species possessed unique morphological characteristics. The common morphological characters which distinguished among and within Heliconia species includes leaf form, inflorescence type, and bract characteristics. Key to the Heliconia species examined is presented in this paper. However, molecular confirmation using rbcL sequences showed high conservation level (0.932) and low genetic variability. About 656 nucleotides were monomorphic and 33 positions were polymorphic which comprised 18 singleton variable sites and 15 parsimony informative sites. Twelve haplotypes were produced with haplotype diversity value 0.8952. Pairwise distance analysis shows that they were shared high similarity of rbcL sequences with very low genetic distance (0.022 to 0.000). The topology of phylogenetic tree resulted by Neighbour-Joining algorithm has the best grouping and be able to explain the relationship among species of Heliconia, although supported by low bootstrap (65). It was separated into two clades following its subgen. classification. Clade 1 consists of subgen. Heliconia and Griggsia; while clade 2 consists of subgen. Heliconia and Stenochlamys; also hybrid species. Further, separation of deeper branchings (section) was inconsistent and unclear. Upon this study, rbcL marker was considered too conserved thus less valuable for phylogenetic analysis at lower taxa among and within Heliconia spp. However, rbcL was suggested to distinguish at higher level taxa between closely related genus and above.
Molecular data confirm the presence of Nycticebus bengalensis on Langkawi Island, Malaysia BADRUL MUNIR MD ZAIN; KHAIRUL SYA’ADAH MOHHOYUA; NOR RAHMAN AIFAT; EHWAN NGADI; NORSHAQINAH AYOB; JEFFRINE JAPNING ROVIE-RYAN; AHMAD AMPENG; ABD RAHMAN MOHD-RIDWAN; MARY E BLAIR; MUHAMMAD ABU BAKAR ABDUL-LATIFF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200424

Abstract

Abstract. Md-Zain BM, Mohhoyua KS, Aifat NR, Ngadi E, Ayob N, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Ampeng A, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Blair ME, Abdul-Latiff MAB. 2019. Molecular data confirm the presence of Nycticebus bengalensis on Langkawi Island, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 20: 1115-1120. Recent taxonomic reviews have stated the possibility of Bengal Slow Loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) presence in the Northern part of the Malay Peninsula. This study aims to confirm the presence of the Bengal Slow Loris in Malaysia by sequencing the mitochondrial COI gene from samples collected from Langkawi Island, Peninsular Malaysia, and Borneo. Phylogenetic analyses produced tree topologies that support the grouping of slow loris samples by their localities. The tree topologies further show that slow loris samples from Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia form two distinct clades. The clade from Peninsular Malaysia was divided into two subclades, Langkawi and Selangor. The Langkawi slow loris subclade includes sequences from GenBank representing N. bengalensis, supported by a high bootstrap value. This mitochondrial DNA finding has a significant contribution to indicate the presence of the Bengal Slow Loris in Malaysia.
Diversity of phenotypic characteristics of White Tailed-Yellow Chicken populations reared under free range system in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand: - SUPHAWADEE YAEMKONG; TUAN NGUYEN NGOC
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200517

Abstract

Abstract. Yaemkong S, Tuan NN. 2019. Diversity of phenotypic characteristics of White Tailed-Yellow Chicken populations reared under free-range system in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1264-1273.  The objective of this study was to evaluate phenotypic diversity of White tail-yellow chickens in Mueang District, Phitsanulok, Thailand. A total of 200 male chickens from the purposive samples were collected, and then analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and least squares mean for subclasses of each factor. The results showed that the phenotypic of White tail-yellow Chickens had the highest white-yellow beak (60.29%), hin comb (65.50%), golden-yellow neck plumage (95.69%), back plumage (96.17%) and wing plumage (67.94%), white-black long curving tails (70.11%), black back tails (71.14%) and white-yellow shank (59.81%) for qualitative traits. The quantitative traits such as body weight, body height, body length, body width, wing length, shank length, and toes length were 2.78±0.58 kg, 61.95±3.77 cm, 24.93±1.66 cm, 16.62±1.91 cm, 41.85±2.52 cm, 12.72±0.77 cm, and 8.39±0.66 cm, respectively. The highest positive correlation was recorded between neck plumage and back plumage (r=0.70; p<0.01). Moreover, body weight was the highest correlation with wing length (0.58; p<0.01) whereas body length was the highest positive correlation with wing plumage (0.21; p<0.01). However, beak and comb had no significant effect on all traits (p>0.05) except for neck, back and wing plumage, long curving tail, back tail and shank color (p<0.05).
Population and ecological study of agarwood producing tree (Gyrinops versteegii) in Manggarai District, Flores Island, Indonesia RIDESTI RINDYASTUTI; TITUT YULISTYARINI; AGUNG SRI DARMAYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200434

Abstract

Abstract. Rindyastuti R, Yulistyarini T, Darmayanti AS. 2019. Population and ecological study of agarwood producing tree (Gyrinops versteegii) in Manggarai District, Flores Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1180-1191. Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg) Domke is one of very important tree species listed in Appendix II CITES because of its economical value as a source of agarwood. Since this commodity has been harvested in a significant volume, the natural population of G. versteegii is continuously decreasing in size. A remnant forest of Pongkor is one of fragmented habitat of G. versteegii in the rest of other land use for rice farming in Flores Island. The purpose of this study were to investigate the population structure and importance value rank of G. versteegii among plant species in Pongkor Community Forest. A semi-purposive random sampling were used in this study to investigate the population of G. versteegii in Pongkor, Manggarai District. The result showed that G. versteegii in Pongkor Community Forest was abundant, especially in seedlings stage. G. versteegii were found in four stratas i.e., trees, poles, saplings and seedlings with densities of 6, 4, 15 and 23 plants ha-1, respectively. Seedlings of G. versteegii were abundant while larger plants were rare. Moreover, G. versteegii has scattered distribution and the highest important values (IVI) for trees, poles and saplings stratas, with IVI of 17.42, 25.75 and 44.42, respectively, while among the ground covers, G. versteegii ranked 22nd with an important value of 2.32. The abundant seedlings and the availability of adult trees as reproductive stages in the population of G. versteegii designated that population of G. versteegii in Pongkor could serve as a potential source of seed and young trees for plant enrichments in natural habitats and sustainable plantation in Manggarai District, Flores Island.
Food habits of three species of mudskippers in the Musi River Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia Moh Rasyid Ridho; Enggar Patriono; Mar'atus Solikha
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200835

Abstract

Abstract. Ridho MR, Patriono E, Sholikah M. 2019. Food habits of three species of mudskippers in the Musi River Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2368-2374. This study provided understanding of morphometric variation and diet composition of three species of mudskippers, i.e. Boleophthalmus boddarti, Periophthalmodon schlosseri, and Periophthalmus chrysospilos. The data obtained can be used for fish cultivation in the future. The relation of weight and length of species B. boddarti, P. schlosseri and P. chrysospilos had a correlation of 72.2%, 98.2%, and 94.5%, respectively with the value of b = 1.474, 3.189, and 2.271, respectively. This suggests that the growth patterns of B. boddarti and P. chrysospilos are allometrically negative, while P. schlosseri is allometrically positive. B. boddarti is classified as a herbivore, the main food of phytoplankton from Bacillariophyceae class with percentage 100%; 80% of Chlorophyceae; 95.6% of Cyanophyceae; 13.33% of Desmidiaceae; 13.33% of Euglenophyceae and 37.78% of Xanthophyceae. P. schlosseri is classified as carnivores, the main food is Uca sp. with IRI of 17.131.45% and complimentary food of Lycosa sp. with IRI of 80.79%. P. chrysospilos is also classified as carnivores with the main food is fish eggs with IRI of 8057.07% and complementary foods of Uca sp. with IRI of 1935.3%.
Growth pattern in tropical mangrove trees of Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia RIGNOLDA DJAMALUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200630

Abstract

Abstract. Djamaluddin R. 2019. Growth pattern in tropical mangrove trees of Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1713-1720. Seasonal diameter growth patterns in mangrove are often related to rainfall, temperature and moisture regime. At any localities, specific environmental factors may influence growth rate of individual trees. I asked whether stem growth of tropical mangrove in BNP is constant over a year, and whether stem growth rates are different by sites, species, and trees of the same species. Dendrometer bands were installed on trees from twelve different sites in BNP to measure stem growth rates. Measurements were made at two months intervals from July 1999 to June 2001 and March 2014 to December 2016. Growth rates measured in trees at the twelve sites varied significantly from 0.83 ± 0.27 to 1.71 ± 0.31 mm month-1. Growth rates were higher on Sonneratia alba (1.65 ± 0.69 mm month-1), low on Rhizophora stylosa, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal (0.82 ± 0.16, 0.82 ± 0.18, 0.85 ± 0.18, 0.88 ± 0.28 mm month-1, respectively), and medium on Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera parviflora, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata (1.19 ± 0.16, 1.22 ± 0.69, 1.25 ± 0.49, 1.31 ± 0.22 mm month-1, respectively). Statistically, growth rates were higher in trees with initial girths more than 50 cm compared to trees with initial girth less than 50 cm on B. gymnorrhiza, C. tagal, and R. mucronata, but these were slower for R. apiculata and S. alba. Between individual trees in six species tested, the differences in diameter growth rate were statistically significant. Growth rates varied among different site conditions, and the effect of soil water salinity on these was significant at higher intertidal sites. Growth rates exhibited seasonal patterns, and these were correlated positively with rainfall and negatively with temperature. The effect of the 2015-2016 El Nino was significant on reduced growth rates.  
A checklist and conservation status of the medicinal plants of Mount Arayat National Park, Pampanga, Philippines MARLON DL SUBA; AXEL H ARRIOLA; GRECEBIO JONATHAN D ALEJANDRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200414

Abstract

A checklist of medicinal plants in a natural area is fundamental not only it provides an updated reference but also it gives the current status of biodiversity.  In this study, available medicinal plants in Mt. Arayat National Park (MANP) was documented.  Existing and comprehensive references on Philippine medicinal plants were used to assess the medicinal values.  To determine their conservation status, the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and list from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) in the Philippines were accessed.  Results indicated a total of 60 species under 27 families were recorded in MANP.  Out of the 27 families, Leguminosae represented the highest number of medicinal plants and the genus Ficus has the most number of species.  Based on literature, most of the plants were used to treat infectious and parasitic diseases and diseases of the digestive system.  In terms of the conservation status, IUCN has assessed 6 vulnerable and 5 least concern species while DENR has listed 1 vulnerable species and the rest of the medicinal plants were marked as not evaluated.  This checklist provides data of various medicinal plants which aims to emphasize their uses and the need of conservation.

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