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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Ex-situ conservation of Cymbidium finlaysonianum by seed storage DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS; ELIZABETH HANDINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210813

Abstract

Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM, Handini E. 2020. Ex-situ conservation of Cymbidium finlaysonianum by seed storage. Biodiversitas 21: 3519-3524. Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. is an orchid that is native to Indonesia which has a pendulous flowers and relatively attractive colors. As a part of the Orchid Seed Storage for Sustainable Use (OSSSU) project, a preliminary study on seed of Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. was conducted to test its viability at Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The aim of this research was to evaluate the seed viability and to predict the seed longevity of C. finlaysonianum, after storage for different periods at freezing temperature-20°C. Storing of orchid seeds under cold conditions was the best conventional method in prolonging seed viability. Four different culture media were tested for asymbiotic germination. Seed viability was assessed after the seeds were stored for 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12 months. Testing continued every year until there was no seed germination, and the viability was lost. The direct method of counting the number of germinating seeds was used to test seed viability. The result showed that seeds of C. finlaysonianum were able to germinate in 4 media i.e. Knudson C, modified Knudson C, modified Vacin & Went, and modified Hyponex fertilizer. The research showed that the viability seeds of C. finlaysonianum decreased after 2 years of storage, and the seeds were almost completely non-viable after six years of storage.
Investigation of biochemical characters and antioxidant properties of different winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) genotypes grown in Indonesia JANSON CALVINDI; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; Waras Nurcholis
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210612

Abstract

Abstract. Calvindi J, Syukur M, Nurcholis W. 2020. Investigation of biochemical characters and antioxidant properties of different winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) genotypes grown in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2420-2424. Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L) DC, is described as having antioxidant properties. This work evaluated the biochemical and antioxidant characteristics of the P. tetragonolobus genotypes. Twelve-winged bean genotypes were calculated for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of biochemical characters and antioxidant properties by using four methods: 2,2-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cupric reducing antioxidant power (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The plant material was grown in the same location conditions in Indonesia. The total phenolic content varied from 154.6 to 161.5 mg GAE/ 100 g, and flavonoid ranged from 105.2 to 112.4 mg QE/ 100 g fresh weight. The antioxidant capacities were 30.6 - 47.0, 140.4 - 167.6, 66.9 - 170.8, and 28.0 - 52.4 µmol TE/ 100 g fresh weight as calculated by the DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays, respectively. The antioxidant activities were significantly correlated with the polyphenol content of winged bean genotypes fruits. The genotypes TU, L3, H3U, H1P, and TH were recognized higher based on their TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activities, indicating that these genotypes to be promising for further breeding program and commercial purposes.
Genetic differentiation of dengue vector Aedes aegypti in the small geographical scale of Banyumas District, Indonesia based on Cytochrome Oxidase I Mohammed A. Mohammed; Agus Nuryanto; Endang Srimurni K Kusmintarsih
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220219

Abstract

Abstract. Mohammed MA, Nuryanto A, Kusmintarsih ES. 2021. Genetic differentiation of dengue vector Aedes aegypti in the small geographical scale of Banyumas District, Indonesia based on Cytochrome Oxidase I. Biodiversitas 22: 675-683. Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is a major vector of arboviruses. Currently, Ae. aegypti is spreading throughout the Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia and there is little information regarding the genetic variation of this species, yet the information is essential to develop effective vector control measures. The aims of this study was to evaluate the genetic differentiation of Ae. aegypti populations in South Purwokerto and Cilongok subdistricts. Mosquito larvae were collected using oviposition traps inside houses in South Purwokerto and Cilongok (Jastaba village). Twenty larvae of Ae. aegypti, ten from each location were identified and used for genetic analysis. Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome Oxidase I (mtCOI) produced around 600 bp fragments, detecting ten haplotypes. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity indices were higher in South Purwokerto samples. Tajima and Fu’s statistics indicated that the sampled populations were in genetic equilibrium. Indices of demographic history were fit for a spatial expansion model. Higher genetic variation was observed within the population compared to between the populations. Furthermore, strong genetic difference was detected between the two populations, with highly significant FS (p < 0.0001). Weak haplotype sharing occurred between the two populations assuming that the gene flow was facilitated by human transportation. All haplotypes were a cluster of single clades and closely related to haplotypes generated from previous studies in Central Java.
Distribution of Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) Domke in varying vegetation structures, soil properties, and microclimates in Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Titut Yulistyarini; Abban Putri Fiqa; Sugeng Budiharta; Ridesti Rindyastuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210505

Abstract

Abstract. Yulistyarini T, Fiqa AP, Budiharta S, Rindyastuti R. 2020. Distribution of Gyrinops versteegii in varying vegetation structures, soil properties, and microclimates in western part of Flores Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1800-1808. Gyrinops versteegii is one of the agarwood-producing tropical plants that is distributed in the Lesser Sunda Islands to Sulawesi, Moluccas (Maluku), and Papua. The natural population of Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg.) Domke is widely exploited, making it being listed in CITES Appendix II. Despite largely exploited, information regarding the distribution of G. versteegii to reveal the habitat characteristics of its natural population is limited. The aims of the research were (i) to investigate the habitat characteristics of the distribution of G. versteegii in term of vegetation community, as well as soil and microclimate variables in its natural habitat in western part of Flores Island, and (ii) to study the relationship between its occurrence and ecological factors. The research was conducted in one community forest and three natural forests in the districts of Manggarai and West Manggarai, Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Data on vegetation, soil properties and microclimates were collected by establishing 73 observation plots across the four studied areas. Data were analyzed to reveal vegetation composition and structure where G. versteegii occurred, the dispersion pattern, and relationship between its occurrence and ecological factors. Our study revealed that G. versteegii populations at four studied areas in Flores Island were distributed in a broad range of habitat characteristics with varying vegetation compositions and structures, canopy covers as well as soil and microclimates variables. The local/metapopulations of G. versteegii in these areas can be dispersed in clumped or uniform pattern. Nonetheless, some ecological variables might be important for the abundance of this species including soil texture, soil pH, C organic and Soil Organic Matters (SOM). The results of this study suggest a promising opportunity for the conservation efforts of G. versteegii through the possibility of planting this species in various land management including planted in monoculture system, polyculture system (e.g. home garden and agroforestry) as well as reintroduced into species-rich natural forest.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
Biodecolorization of methyl orange by mixed cultures of brown-rot fungus Daedalea dickinsii and bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa Adi Setyo Purnomo; Mitha Ocdyani Mawaddah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210561

Abstract

Abstract. Purnomo AS, Mawaddah MO. 2020. Biodecolorization of methyl orange by mixed cultures of brown-rot fungus Daedalea dickinsii and bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biodiversitas 21: 2297-2302. This study investigated on the decolorization of methyl orange (MO) by mixed cultures of brown-rot fungus (BRF) Daedalea dickinsii and bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa was added into D. dickinsii culture at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mL (1 mL = 5.05 × 1012 CFU). All of mixed cultures had ability to decolorize MO (final concentration 100 mg/L) in potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium for 7 days incubation. The addition of 4 mL of P. aeruginosa showed the highest MO biodecolorization approximately 97,99%, while by D. dickinsii only was 67,54%. C15H19N3O5S; C16H21N3O5S; C17H23N3O6S; and C15H19N3O6S were identified as MO metabolites. This study indicated that mixed cultures of D. dickinsii and P. aeruginosa have great potential for high efficiency, fast and cheap dye wastewater treatment.
Assessment of the health status of the Sidi R'Ghies forest, Oum El Bouaghi, north-east Algerian Malika Rached Kanouni; Alia ZERROUKI; Maroua LAHMAR; Amina Beldjazia; Karima Kara; Labed Ababsa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210525

Abstract

Abstract. Rached-Kanouni M, Zerrouki A, Lahmar M, Beldjazia A, Kara K, Ababsa. 2020. Assessment of the health status of the Sidi R'Ghies forest, Oum El Bouaghi, north-east Algerian. Biodiversitas 21: 1980-1988. In recent decades, the forest of Sidi R'Ghies has been degraded by human activity. The establishment of the state of the massif by a diagnosis on different forest plots is part of a project of monitoring and silvicultural management. The purpose of this study is to assess the health status of the Sidi R'Ghies forest. The methodology used was the visual assessment of the tree crown of the dominant species (i.e. Aleppo pine and holm oak) according to the protocols DEPEFEU, DEPERIS, and ICP Forests. These protocols were selected for adoption based on field observations and their applicability in record time. The results obtained indicate that the health status of the trees within the studied plots is declining. The DEPEFEU value index shows an average of 2.20 for Aleppo pine and 1.95 for holm oak while the DEPERIS has an average level of 4.56 in Aleppo pine and 3.07 in holm oak. ICP Forests has also contributed to providing clearer information on the consequences of this health situation by deducting an average visibility rate of 1.24 and 1.63; social status of 2.17 and 2.11 and competition of 1.71 and 2.49 for Aleppo pine and holm oak respectively. In general, the health status of the tree crown is average and almost adapted to the environmental conditions. In contrast, the carrying capacity of biodiversity is low and needs to be improved.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extract from two species of mosses: Leucobryum aduncum and Campylopus schmidii Maria Masitho Makajanma; Intan Taufik; Ahmad Faizal
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210651

Abstract

Abstract. Makajanma MM, Taufik I, Faizal A. 2020. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extract from two species of mosses: Leucobryum aduncum and Campylopus schmidii. Biodiversitas 21: 1751-1758.  Plants produce a plethora of natural compounds of medicinal value. Although most plant-derived drugs have been identified in angiosperms, some species of mosses from the genera Leucobryum and Campylopus also exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two species of these genera, Leucobryum aduncum and Campylopus schmidii, that are common in Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Tangkuban Perahu, West Java. Plants were collected, dried, and extracted in n-hexane or methanol. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by determining the concentration of extract that resulted in 50% reduction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) in the DPPH assay. These concentrations were >2000 mg/L for L. aduncum extracts and 1329.02 ± 7.8 mg/L for C. schmidii extracts; these large values are consistent with little antioxidant activity. Antibacterial activity was quantified as the ability of the extracts to inhibit the growth of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Nonpolar extracts of L. aduncum inhibited the growth of E. coli >50% at a concentration of 32 mg extract/L. Based on combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the antibacterial activity in the non-polar extracts of L. aduncum was attributed to the lipophilic compounds 1-nonadecene, 5-eicosene, and cyclotetracosane. Thus, L. aduncum is a promising candidate as a source of new antibiotics.
Toxicity of entomopathogenic fungal culture filtrate of lowland and highland soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) against Spodoptera litura larvae MIMMA GUSTIANINGTYAS; Siti Herlinda; SUWANDI; SUPARMAN; HARMAN HAMIDSON; HASBI; ARUM SETIAWAN; MARIESKA VERAWATY; ELFITA; ARSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210510

Abstract

Abstract. Gustianingtyas M, Herlinda S, Suwandi, Suparman, Hamidson H, Hasbi, Setiawan A, Verawaty M, Elfita, Arsi. 2020. Toxicity of entomopathogenic fungal culture filtrate of lowland and highland soil of South Sumatra against Spodoptera litura larvae. Biodiversitas 21: 1839-1849. The use of secondary fungal metabolites for the active ingredient of mycoinsecticide is more effective and more easily integrated with other pest control techniques. This study aimed to measure the toxicity of the culture filtrate of entomopathogenic fungi originating from South Sumatra against the Spodoptera litura larvae. Beauveria bassiana (25 isolates) and Metarhizium anisopliae (20 isolates) of South Sumatra were cultured in liquid media and filtered to produce culture filtrate. The larvae which were sick due to the filtrate showed the symptoms of decreased appetite and were not actively moving, while the dead larvae were characterized by being wrinkled, dry, black integument, and odorless. Mortality caused by B. bassiana filtrate was the highest 98% (BJgTs isolate) and not significantly different from the BSwTd2 isolate (94.67%). Yet, the LT50 BSwTd2 isolate was shorter (5.92 days) compared to the LT50 BJgTs isolate (6.35 days). The most toxic M. anisopliae filtrate produced the mortality of 96% (MKbTp2 isolate) and 85.33% (MPdB isolate) each of which had LT50 of 7.36 days and 8.09 days, respectively. So, the most toxic culture filtrate was BSwTd2 isolate of B. bassiana and MKbTp2 isolate of M. anisopliae. The entomopathogenic fungi producing filtrate which are toxic have the potential to be active ingredients of mycoinsecticides.
Short Communication: Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of tree fern Cyathea contaminans Ahmad Faizal; Intan Taufik; Anisah Firda Rachmani; Alda Wydia Prihartini Azar
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210548

Abstract

Abstract. Faizal A, Taufik I, Rchman AF, Azar AWP. 2020. Short Communication: Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of tree fern Cyathea contaminans. Biodiversitas 21: 2201-2205. Cyathea contaminans (Wall. ex Hook) Copel is a tree fern used in traditional practices as herbal remedies to treat different kinds of diseases. To explore its further medicinal uses, we designed a study to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of polar and non-polar extracts of this fern. The fern leaves (mature fronds), young fronds, and hairs were collected from Tangkuban Perahu Nature Park, West Java, Indonesia, and were extracted by methanol 80% or n-hexane. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay, whereas antibacterial activity was measured by growth inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that methanol extract from mature leaves (fronds) exhibits weak to very strong antioxidant activities (IC50 37.13-225.19 µg/mL), whilst hairs and young fronds showed weak activities, i.e. IC50 179.50-255.49 µg/mL and IC50 544.27->2000 µg/mL, respectively. Hexane fraction from fronds was active against E. coli and S. aureus (43.92% and 46.8%), and from hairs against E. coli (48.1%) in concentration of 250 µg/mL. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated that active compounds from fronds extract were dominated by 2H-tetrazole, 5-(thiophen-2yl) methyl (14,29 %), 2-thiophene acetic acid, 2-methyl phenyl ester (14,54%), and phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl (10.54%). This study concluded that mature leaves (fronds) of C. contaminans is the potential to be used as antioxidant and antibacterial agents.
Drought-induced production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants activity of four local upland rice cultivars in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Ruslan Boy; Didik Indradewa; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Budiastuti Kurniasih
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210628

Abstract

Abstract. Boy R, Indradewa D, Putra ETS, Kurniasih B. 2020. Drought-induced production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants activity of four local upland rice cultivars in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2555-2565. Drought can be the most severe threat to the production of crop in the world. This water deficit condition may cause a considerable decrease in yield grain of upland rice. Present study was conducted to figure out the level of ROS production and antioxidant activity on upland rice cultivars under drought stress. The experiment was performed using randomized completely block design with two factors, i.e. four cultivars of upland rice (Habo, Hiwanggu, Sunggul, and Lambara) and watering interval (once in one, two, four and eight days). The results showed that there was interaction between cultivars and watering intervals. Drought tolerant cultivars of Habo and Sunggul had higher activities of SOD, POD, AAred as well as ?-Toch with lower content on free radicals of O2- and H2O2; whereas non-drought tolerant cultivars of Hiwanggu and Lambara exhibited higher production of O2- and H2O2 and lower level of SOD, POD, AAred as well as ?-Toch. It could be concluded that the optimum soil moisture affecting maximum activities of SOD, POD, AAred as well as ?-Toch and minimum content of O2- and H2O2 was around 15.88-27.56% in range which was equal to 50.88-87.38% of field capacity.

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