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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 208   209   210   211   212 
Environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay for bird-watching ecotourism in Kerandangan Natural Park, Lombok, Indonesia I Wayan Suana; Hilman Ahyadi; Gito Hadiprayitno; Saleh Amin; Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar Wangsajati Sukmaring Kalih; Franciscus Xaverius Sudaryanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210557

Abstract

Abstract. Suana IW, Ahyadi H, Hadiprayitno G, Amin S, Kalih LATTWS, Sudaryanto FX. 2020. Environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay for bird-watching ecotourism in Kerandangan Natural Park, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2266-2274.  Five trails of interest to bird-watchers and an observation point by the guest house of Kerandangan Natural Park (KNP) have potential to be developed as bird-watching ecotourism packages. In order to develop sustainable bird-watching ecotourism in KNP, we analyzed the environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay (WTP) for bird-watching ecotourism packages. All of the trails and an observation point in KNP were explored to determine the width and length of the trails, the visit time, as well as the soil texture and slope along the trails. Interviews with KNP managers and secondary data from Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Council (BMKG)-Climatology Station Class I-West Lombok were also used to determine the status of biophysical habitats. The environment carrying capacity was calculated by combining the physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity, and effective carrying capacity. The results show that environment carrying capacity of bird-watching ecotourism packages in KNP was higher than the actual visitation levels. It indicates that opportunity to develop and increase the number of visitors is considerable. WTP was determined by Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with payment card approach. Through the brochure, 150 respondents were given information on bird-watching ecotourism packages, then are offered three options, and only allowed to choose one that can be paid. Data were collected by the incidental sampling method. The results show that the visitors are willing to pay for bird-watching ecotourism packages, with mean WTP of US$ 20.7 per visitor. It implies that they are willing to shoulder the financial support for management and conservation of birds and their habitat in KNP. The findings provide important information for KNP managers for planning and marketing bird-watching ecotourism in KNP.
Plant diversity and composition at three Imperata grasslands in Bogor, Katingan, and Kupang, Indonesia didi usmadi; JOKO RIDHO WITONO; RENI LESTARI; DIDIK WIDYATMOKO; MAHAT MAGANDHI; IYAN ROBIANSYAH; ARIEF NOOR RACHMADIYANTO; DANANG WAHYU PURNOMO; RIZMOON NURUL ZULKARNAEN; REZA RAMDAN RIVAI; HENDRA HELMANTO; ANGGA YUDAPUTRA; FRISCA DAMAYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210657

Abstract

Abstract. Usmadi D, Witono JR, Lestari R, Widyatmoko D, Magandhi M, Robiansyah I, Rachmadiyanto AN, Purnomo DW, Zulkarnaen RN, Rivai RR, Helmanto H, Yudaputra A, Damayanti F. 2020. Plant diversity and composition at three Imperata grasslands in Bogor, Katingan, and Kupang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2804-2813. Imperata grassland is among the largest proportions of marginal lands in Indonesia. Despite the dominance of Imperata cylindrica grass, certain plant species are able to compete and live together with this species, suggesting window of opportunity that the grasslands can be restored. Yet, the existing diversity and composition of plants in Imperata grasslands may vary due to differences in climatic and soil conditions. This study aims to determine the plant diversity and composition at three Imperata grasslands in Bogor, Katingan, and Kupang, Indonesia. Data were collected using systematic sampling by establishing quadratic observation plots with size of each plot was 1 x 1 m2. The total number of species found in Imperata grasslands in those three study sites was 81 species, belonging to 68 genera and 30 families. In the Bogor site, the dominant species were Imperata cylindrica, Ageratum conyzoides, and Phyllanthus niruri, while in the Katingan site was dominated by I. cylindrica, Scleria ciliaris, and Cyanthillium cinereum and in the Kupang site was dominated by I. cylindrica and Tridax procumbens. The Imperata grassland in Bogor had low species richness, moderate species diversity, the abundance distribution of each species tends to be uniform, and the occurred species did not tend to dominate. The Katingan and Kupang Imperata grasslands had low species richness, low species diversity, the abundance distribution of each species tends to be uneven, and were more dominated by I. cylindrica. Controlling abundance of I. cylindrica is required in those three research sites in order to stimulate the growth of other plant species, which is in turn to maintain and restore biodiversity.
Diversity of capsaicin content, quantitative, and yield components in chili (Capsicum annuum) genotypes and their F1 hybrid Zulfikar D Sahid; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; AWANG MAHARIJAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210555

Abstract

Abstract. Sahid ZD, Syukur M, Maharijaya A. 2020. Genetic diversity of capsaicin content, quantitative, and yield component in chili (Capsicum annuum) and their F1 hybrid. Biodiversitas 21: 2251-2257. Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the horticultural plants that have many benefits. The benefit of chili was determined by pungency level of its fruit. Pungency level of the chili is due to the capsaicin content in fruit. Information about the genetic diversity of capsaicin is still rarely available. The aims of this study were to obtain diversity information on quantitative, yield component, and capsaicin content, and to analyze the correlation among chili genotypes based on their morphological characters. This study used Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The genetic material used in this study consisted of 21 genotypes consisting of 6 genotypes of chili elders and 15 hybrid F1 genotypes resulting from their crossing. Six genotypes of the chili parents are C5, F6074, F9160291, Yuni, Bara, and Giant. 15 hybrid F1 genotypes used in this study are C5 x Bara, C5 x F6074, C5 x Yuni, C5 x Giant, C5 x F9160291, Bara x F6074, Bara x Yuni, Bara x Giant, Bara x F9160291, F6074 x Yuni, F6074 x Giant, F6074 x F9160291, Yuni x Giant, Yuni x F9160291, and Giant x F9160291. The observation was made on the variables of quantitative, yield, and capsaicin components on chili. The results showed that the highest capsaicin content only was found in Bara x F9160291. The results of scatterplot analysis showed that the highest capsaicin and yield component was found in BaraxF6074 and C5 x Yuni genotype. The results of cluster analysis showed that chili was clustered into three color groups. The character of capsaicin content is negatively correlated and very different from fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, thick fruit flesh, total amount of fruit per plant, and fruit weight per plant.
Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima) cultivation in CALSANAG watershed in Romblon, Philippines: dilemmas and prospects for sustainable natural resources management LEILA LANDICHO; MARIA THERESA NEMESIS P. OCAMPO; ROWENA ESPERANZA D. CABAHUG; ROMNICK S. BALITON; EDGAR V. ANDALECIO; RAYMUND INOCENCIO; MARCELINA V. SERVANEZ; RUSSEL SON A. COSICO; ARNOLD KARL A. CASTILLO; LYN DJ. FAMISARAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210564

Abstract

Abstract. Landicho LD, Ocampo MTNP, Cabahug RED, Baliton RS, Andalecio EV, Inocencio R, Servanez MV, Cosico RSA, Catillo AKA, Famisaran LDJ. 2020. Tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima) cultivation in CALSANAG watershed in Romblon, Philippines: dilemmas and prospects for sustainable natural resources management. Biodiversitas 21: 2322-2330. Promoting sustainable natural resources management is a complex issue such that striking a balance between socioeconomic productivity and environmental integrity remains a challenge. This paper highlights the results of a study conducted from April to December 2019, which assessed the state of natural resources management in Barangay Mari-norte, San Andres, Romblon, which is part of the CALSANAG (Calatrava, San Andres, and San Agustin) Watershed. Biophysical characterization was done to determine land use and biodiversity, while farm household survey was administered to 133 farmers to characterize their socioeconomic conditions. Results showed that all of the farmer-respondents were engaged in the production of tiger grass (Thysanolaena maxima Roxb), where most of the farm households derived an estimated annual income of >Php50,000. Although their household income is higher as compared to other upland farming communities in the Philippines, most of them expressed that their income is insufficient since tiger grass is harvested only once a year, and the farmers have no alternative sources of income. On the other hand, biophysical characterization revealed the following: the farms are generally rainfed, have rolled to steep slopes, and have indications of low soil fertility, soil erosion incidence, and very low level of biodiversity (0.92). Most of the farmers practiced "slash-and-burn" to cultivate tiger grass as a single crop and hence, the forest cover has declined. A multi-agency collaboration jointly initiated agroforestry promotion in the upland farming communities through capability-building of upland farmers in agroforestry and establishment of tiger grass-based agroforestry model which showcases the economic and ecological viability of agroforestry systems in CALSANAG Watershed.
Microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor, a traditional fermented fishery product from Maluku, Indonesia Ferymon Mahulette; TRI SANTI KURNIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210550

Abstract

Abstract. Mahulette F, Kurnia TS. 2020. Microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor, a traditional fermented fishery product from Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2216-2223. Bakasang laor consisted of two types, i.e. with and without vinegar. The microbiological research of bakasang processed use laor as raw material is very limited therefore these investigations are necessary to be conducted. The research aimed to analyze the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of two types of bakasang laor. The microbiological characteristics are used to determine product safety whereas the physicochemical characteristics, amino acids, and fatty acids contents can determine the nutritional value for consumption. The sample of bakasang laor was taken from traditional producers in Latuhalat, Ambon. Microbiological analysis using plate count method. From the measurement, the total number of halotolerant and coliform bacterial in bakasang laor without vinegar were 6.2 log CFU/g and 6.5 log CFU/g, respectively, while the total of lactic acid bacteria in bakasang laor with vinegar was 6.6 log CFU/g at the end of fermentation. The total amino acids and fatty acids contents of bakasang laor without vinegar at the end of fermentation were 11.25% and 32.23%, while bakasang laor vinegar was 9.38% and 32.72%, respectively. The bacteria found in bakasang laor were Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus arlettae, Staphylococcus petrasii, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter cloacae. Generally, microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor with vinegar were better than bakasang laor without vinegar. This research can improve the quality of this fermentation product in the future.
Ethnozoology of the ritual and magic of the To Bada Ethnic Group in the Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Eny Yuniati; SERAFINAH INDRIYANI; JATI BATORO; Y. PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210636

Abstract

Abstract. Yuniati E, Indriyani S, Batoro J, Purwanto Y. 2020. Ethnozoology of the ritual and magic of the To Bada Ethnic Group in the Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2645-2653. The To Bada are a traditional ethnic group or community that lives in the Bada valley in the Lore Lindu biosphere reserve. In some spheres, the Bada people still maintain traditional values and principles. This study aims to identify the animals used in rituals, magical and traditional activities among the Bada people, to investigate the ethnozoological perceptions and conceptions that are influenced by social and cultural factors, and to determine animal conservation status. The research method used was a participatory exploration survey with in-depth, open-ended, and semi-structured interviews. The results demonstrate that animal parts used in rituals and various traditions include eggs, heads, horns, blood, flesh, and the whole body. In addition, some body parts and product animals are believed to have magical value, such as fur, sound, and the whole body. The animals used most in rituals are the buffalo, cow, pig, free-range chicken, and partridge. Animals that have magical value are birds and mammals.
Growth optimization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus oligosporus during fermentation to produce tempeh with high ?-glucan content SAMSUL RIZAL; Murhadi Murhadi; Maria Erna Kustyawati; Udin Hasanudin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210639

Abstract

Abstract. Rizal S, Murhadi, Kustyawati ME, Hasanudin U. 2020. Growth optimization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus oligosporus during fermentation to produce tempeh with high ?-glucan content. Biodiversitas 21: 2667-2673. Saccharomyces cerevisiae grows and produces ?-glucan during fermentation in tempeh production. The content of ?-glucan in tempeh is influenced by the growth of S. cerevisiae throughout fermentation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different types and concentrations of carbon sources on yeast growth, fungi growth, and ?-glucan content in tempeh inoculated using Rhizopus oligosporus and S. cerevisiae. This study used a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was the types of carbon sources, tapioca and wheat flour; the second factor was the concentrations of carbon source, 0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0% (w/w). Tempeh produced was investigated for yeast number, fungi number, ?-glucan content, and pH value. The obtained data were tested using Tukey's Honestly Significance Difference (HSD) test. The results showed that the addition of various types and concentrations of carbon source significantly influenced the increase in yeast number, fungi number, ?-glucan content, and pH in tempeh. The growth of yeast, fungi, and ?-glucan content increased along with the increment of carbon source concentration. The amounts of yeast, fungi, and ?-glucans in tempeh added with tapioca were higher compared to tempeh with wheat flour. The addition of 10% tapioca produced the highest amount of yeast with 9.505 Log CFU/g and the highest ?-glucan content with 0.707% (w/w).
Morphological variations of mangosteen fruits from Luzon and Mindanao Islands, the Philippines Julie Berame; N. LAWSIN; F. MIGUEL; J. CHAVEZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210729

Abstract

Abstract. Berame J, Lawsin N, Miguel F, Chavez J. 2020. Morphological variations of mangosteen fruits from Luzon and Mindanao Islands, the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3094-3100. Luzon and Mindanao islands in the Philippines are the important mangosteen producing provinces whose growing areas are scattered on these two islands. With this, mangosteen variability was detected based on field fruit collections in summer of 2019. The morphological variations of mangosteen fruits were observed and collected in Quezon Province in Luzon and Davao-Zamboanga Provinces in Mindanao based on the total number of 175 mangosteen trees. The main objectives of the research were to find out the morphological variations of mangosteen fruits and using Tomato Analyzer 4.0 to determine the morphological characters that can be used to differentiate mangosteen accessions in the Philippines. The variables include fruit shape index (external and internal), curve fruit shape index, asymmetry, internal eccentricity and weight of the ripe fruits. The results show that fruit characters like ellipsoidal, circular, rectangular, lobe shape, size, pericarp area, and pericarp thickness. are highly resemblance particularly in its fruit shape characters, and even sharing a similar taste of ripe fruits. Data revealed that Garcinia mangostana shared a similar character with Garcinia malaccensis even though they are from different geographical areas. Based on the morphological variations and characters, the two varieties of mangosteen fruits in the Philippines, G. mangostana and G. malaccensis, are so closely related that they could be combined together as one species as identified in the morphological analysis of this study.
Body weight, body measurements and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan District, East Java Province, Indonesia PENI WAHYU PRIHANDINI; DYAH MAHARANI; Sumadi Sumadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210801

Abstract

Abstract. Prihandini PW, Maharani D, Sumadi. 2020. Body weight, body measurements, and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan District, East Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3415-3421.  This study was designed to analyze the body weight, body measurements and slaughter characteristics of Madura cattle raised in Pamekasan district, East Java province, Indonesia. A total of 2,373 records on live body weight and body measurements (body length, height at withers and chest girth), and 69 records on slaughter traits (slaughter, carcass, and meat weight, as well as carcass and meat percentage) from both sexes were used. Sampled animals were divided into three groups based on age (calf: 0- to10-month-old; young: 11- to 24-month-old; adult: >24-month-old). The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test to assess significant differences between sex groups and subjected to multiple linear regression analyses to obtain prediction equations of body weight from body measurements, carcass weight from slaughter weight, and meat weight from slaughter- and carcass-weight. Results showed that body weight, height at withers, and chest girth between male and female cattle in all age groups were significantly different (P<0.05). Male cattle showed higher slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass percentage mean values than female cattle. Body measurements showed high correlation with body weight (r ?0.80). Height at withers, body length, and chest girth represented good body measurements to predict body weight (R2 = from 0.65 to 0.83). Moreover, as observed, high correlations between slaughter weight and carcass- (r = 0.94; R2 = 0.89) and meat-weight (r = 0.99; R2 = 0.98) would imply that meat weight could be predicted accurately from slaughter- and carcass-weight.
Production efficiency of Inpago Unsoed-1 and Situbagendit rice farming in Central Java, Indonesia ALTRI MULYANI; Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto; Sri Widodo; Masyhuri Masyhuri
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210751

Abstract

Abstract. Mulyani A, Darwanto D, Widodo S, Masyuri. 2020. Production efficiency of Inpago Unsoed-1 and Situbagendit rice farming in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 12: 3276-3286.  Inpago Unsoed-1 rice is a new superior rice variety that is not as familiar as Situbagendit variety for farmers in Indonesia. As one of the new superior rice variety, Inpago Unsoed-1 is expected to improve farm business efficiency so that it can increase farmers' income. This study was conducted to figure out the factors influencing the production of Inpago Unsoed-1 and Situbagendit rice in Province of Central Java, and to recognize the level of technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of Inpago Unsoed-1 and Situbagendit rice farming in Province of Central Java. Research sites included selected regencies in Province of Central Jawa, such as Banyumas, Purbalingga, and Cilacap. Meanwhile, the selected districts were Kalibagor (Banyumas); Kalimanah, Kemangkon, Bukateja, Kutasari, Kaligondang, and Bobotsari (Purbalingga); and Gandrungmangu (Cilacap). Data were collected by direct observation and interviews using semi-structured questionnaire. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected during December 2018-May 2019, 147 farmers were sampled, consisting of 71 and 76 farmers for Inpago Unsoed-1 and Situbagendit, respectively. Data were analyzed by using Cobb-Douglas production function and function of Stochastic Frontier. The results showed that production factors of land acreage (ha) and P fertilizer (kg) positively affected the production of Inpago Unsoed-1 rice, whereas seeds (kg), N fertilizer (kg) and pesticide (l) had negative impact on its production. On Situbagendit rice production, the positive and negative effects were revealed by land acreage (ha) as well as pesticide (l) and N fertilizer (kg), respectively. Technical, economic, and allocative efficiencies on Inpago Unsoed-1 rice farming were 0.75, 0.65, and 0.88, respectively, which were higher than those of Situbagendit, i.e. 0.73, 0.54 and 0.75, respectively.

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