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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Comparison Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Indonesian Mangosteens (Garcinia mangostana L.) and Related Species by Means Isozymes and AFLP Markers SOBIR SOBIR; SOALOON SINAGA; ROEDHY POERWANTO; RISMITASARI RISMITASARI; RUDY LUKMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100401

Abstract

Indonesia, and in order evaluate genetics diversity of mangosteen and their close relatives, we employed isoenzyme and AFLP marker on 13 accessions of mangosteen and their close relatives. Isoenzyme marker using four enzyme systemsproduced 25 bands and 88% out of them were polymorphic and elucidate genetic variability at similarity level ranged between 0.38-0.89. AFLP markers with three primer system produced 220 polymorphic bands and revealed genetic variability at similarity level ranged between 0.38-0.89 successfully produced high polymorphism bands and elucidates genetic variability at similarity coefficient ranged between 0.21-0.77. Both markers exhibited similar clustering pattern, and group successfully G. mangostana accessions in one clustering group. Furthermore G. malaccensis and G. porrecta consistently showed closer genetic relationship to G. mangostana clustering group in both markers, in comparison to G. hombroniana, which implies the assumption they may be the progenitor of G. mangostana, and should be reviewed with more accurate data.© 2009 Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological DiversityKey words: genetic diversity, mangosteen, isozymes, AFLP.
Genetic Relationship of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) in Indonesia Based on RAPD Markers BARAHIMA ABBAS; MUHAMMAD HASIM BINTORO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO; MEMEN SURAHMAN; HIROSHI EHARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100402

Abstract

The areas of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) forest and cultivation in the world were estimated two million hectares andpredicted 50% of that areas located in Indonesia. Distribution of sago palm areas in Indonesia is not evenly distributed as well as their diversities. Information of plant genetic diversities and genetic relationship is very important to be used for germplasm collection and conservation. The objectives of research were revealed the genetic relationships of sago palm in Indonesia based on RAPD molecular markers. Fragments amplification PCR products were separated on 1.7% agarose gel, fixation in Ethidium Bromide, and visualized by using Densitograph. Genetic relationships of sago palm in Indonesia showed that sample in individual level were inclined mixed among the other and just formed three groups. Genetic relationship of sago palm population showed that samples populations from Jayapura, Serui, Sorong, Pontianak, and Selat Panjang were closely related each others based on phylogenetic analysis and formed clustered in one group, event though inclined to be formed two subgroups. Populations from Manokwari, Bogor, Ambon and Palopo were closed related each others, they were in one group. Genetic relationships in the level of island were showed sago palm from Papua, Kalimantan, and Sumatra closely related. Sago palms from Maluku were closed related with sago palm from Sulawesi whereas sago palm from Java separated from the others. Based on this observation we proposed that Papua as centre of sago palm diversities and the origin of sago palm in Indonesia. This research informed us the best way to decide sago palm places for germplasm of sago palm conservation activity.Key words: genetic relationships, population, sago palm, RAPD, Indonesia
Population and Microhabitat Characteristic of Homalomena bellula Schott in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia YAYAN WAHYU CANDRA KUSUMA; INGGIT PUJI ASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100407

Abstract

The population and habitat characteristics of Homalomena bellula Schott in Java have received little attention. In this present study, the authors estimated the population density and habitat characteristic of H. bellula in Mount Slamet, Central Java, by means of random samplings of 2 x 2 m2 plots. Two distinct populations were studied at two different altitude levels, i.e. below and above 1000 m asl. We used to suspect that there was a difference in both populations. But our result revealed that these two populations were actually similar in abundance, population density, and dispersion pattern and even in microhabitat characteristics.
Diversity and Abundance of Beetle (Coleoptera) Functional Groups in a Range of Land Use System in Jambi, Sumatra FRANCISCUS XAVERIUS SUSILO; INDRIYATI INDRIYATI; SURYO HARDIWINOTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100406

Abstract

Degradation of tropical rain forest might exert impacts on biodiversity loss and affect the function and stability of the related ecosystems. The objective of this study was to study the impact of land use systems (LUS) on the diversity and abundance of beetle functional groups in Jambi area, Sumatra. This research was carried out during the rainy season (May-June) of 2004. Inventory and collection of beetles have been conducted using winkler method across six land use systems, i.e. primary forest, secondary forest, Imperata grassland, rubber plantation, oilpalm plantation, and cassava garden. The result showed that a total of 47 families and subfamilies of beetles was found in the study area, and they were classified into four major functional groups, i.e. herbivore, predator, scavenger, and fungivore. There were apparent changes in proportion, diversity, and abundance of beetle functional groups from forests to other land use systems. The bulk of beetle diversity and abundance appeared to converge in primary forest and secondary forest and predatory beetles were the most diverse and the most abundant of the four major functional groups.Key words: beetle, land use system, diversity, abundance, Sumatra.
The Escherichia coli Growth Inhibition Activity of Some Fermented Medicinal Plant Leaf Extract from the Karo Highland, North Sumatra EVI TRIANA; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100408

Abstract

A lot of traditional medicinal plant has antibacterial activities. Most of these plants are freshly chewed or grounded and useddirectly to treat infectious bacterial diseases. However, some practices employ a traditionally spontaneous fermentation onboiled extracted leaf, root or other parts of the plant. This work reports a laboratory stimulated spontaneous fermentation of leaf extracts from selected medicinal plants collected from the Karo Higland. The spontaneous fermentation was stimulated to be carried out by the Acetobacter xylinum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The anti-infectious agent activity was assayed on the Escherichia coli growth inhibition. A complementary non fermented leaf extract was also made and assayed as a comparative measure. Indeed, the fermented leaf extract of bitter bush (Eupatorium pallescens), cacao (Theobroma cacao),avocado (Persea gratissima), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), cassava (Cassava utilissima), diamond flower (Hedyotis corymbosa), periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), and gandarussa (Justicia gendarussa) have relatively higher anti-E. coli activity than those of non fermented ones. However, there were no anti-E. coli activity was detected in both fermented and non fermented leaf extract of the guava (Psidium guajava) and common betel (Piper nigrum).
Review: Current Advances in Gloriosa superba L. RAVINDRA ADE; MAHENDRA K. RAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100409

Abstract

Gloriosa superba L. is an important medicinal plant of Asia and Africa. It is used in diseases, like cancer, gout, scrofula and act as antipyretic, antihelmintic, purgative and antiabortive. It is a source of colchicines and colchicocides, which are very costly, being highly demanded by pharma industries. Due to excessive use of the plant for diverse medicinal purposes the species is on the verge of extinction and included in Red Data Book. The strenuous efforts of botanists, biotechnologists, policy makers and conservationists are required. It is a matter of great concern to conserve this plant otherwise we will be loosing it by 2020.The present review is focused on current status of the genus, source of alkaloids, poisonous nature, the strategies for its conservation and future perspectives of G. superba.
Isolation and Cloning of cDNA of Gene Encoding for Metallothionein Type 2 from Soybean [Glycine max (L.) (Merrill)] cv. Slamet SUHARSONO SUHARSONO; YASSIER ANWAR; UTUT WIDYASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100301

Abstract

Metallothionein has an important role in the detoxification of metal ions. It has a low molecular weight and contains cysteine-rich residue. The objective of this research is to isolate and clone the cDNA of gene encoding for metallothionein from soybean [Glycine max (L.) (Merrill)] cv Slamet (GmMt2). We had successfully isolated total RNA by reverse transcription and synthesized total cDNA from total RNA as template. cDNA of GmMt2 had been isolated from total cDNA by PCR. It was successfully inserted into pGEM-T Easy plasmid, and the recombinant plasmids were introduced into Escherichia coli strain DH5α. Sequence analysis by using T7 and SP6 primers showed that the length of PCR-isolated fragment was 257 bp containing 246 bp completed sequence of Mt2 cDNA encoding for 81 amino acids. Enzyme restriction analysis showed that GmMt2 did not contain any restriction sites found in the multi cloning sites of pGEM-T easy. Nucleotide and amino acid alignment analysis using BLAST program showed that GmMt2 was similar with completed cDNA of AtMt2A from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the motifs of Cys sequence of GmMT2 are Cys-Cys, Cys-X-Cys, and Cys-X-X-Cys.Key words: soybean, metallothionein, cDNA, isolation, cloning, cysteine.
Some Notes on Biological Aspects of Captive Javan Warty Pig (Sus verrucosus) GONO SEMIADI; RADEN TAUFIQ PURNA NUGRAHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100304

Abstract

The Javan warty pig (Sus verrucosus) is an endemic pig to Java and Bawean Islands, while population on Madura Island is thought to be extinct. The problem in establishing ex-situ captive breeding is the lack of information on biology or physiology. A study on these aspects was conducted in 16 Javan warty pigs and 2 cadavers in Surabaya Zoo, Surabaya. Birth profile was evaluated and blood collections were conducted, as well as analysis on spermatozoa morphology. Data showed that blood parameters were not different among the age groups (juvenile and adult) or sex and within the range of Sus scrofa. Extreme values were only obtained from the palette with the female reaching 14.5 x 103/mm3, while adult male and juvenile pigs were 58-75 x 103/mm3. Diameter of both testicles with skin intake was 56.42 mm, with the length of left testicle being 83.29 mm and right testicle 78.88 mm. Javan warty pig spermatozoa had longer size for the head and tail lengths compared to average pigs sperms. Litter size was between two to four, with the average of 2.75 litters (SD 0.98). Low litter size in this species is something that has to be concerned from the conservation point of view, therefore a captive breeding population program needs to be considered.Key words: Javan warty pig, Sus verrucosus, blood parameters, sperm
The Effect of Mulching Technology to Enhance the Diversity of Soil Macroinvertebrates in Sengon-based Agroforestry Systems SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100305

Abstract

Soil macroinvertebrate are strongly influenced by environmental factors. The change of agronomic technology may affect their role in maintaining soil fertility and crop production. The aim of this study was to know the effect of technology of mulching to enhance diversity of soil macroinvertebrate in sengon-based agroforestry system. Field experiment was arranged in randomized block design with treatment i.e. with and without organic matter mulching. Sweet potato used as tested intercrop. Collection of soil macroinvertebrate was carried out using a hand sorting and pit-fall trap methods. Result of the study showed that application of maize residue as mulch enhanced diversity index of surface and deep soil macroinvertebrate, i.e: 0.215 and 0.214 (by 44% and 73% respectively compared no mulching). Organic mulching technology can support diversity of beneficial soil macroinvertebrates.Key words: agroforestry, soil macroinvertebrates, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), mulching.
Grazing Habitat of the Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis) in the Upland Kebar, Manokwari FREDDY PATTISELANNO; AGUSTINA YOHANA SETYARINI AROBAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100306

Abstract

The general objective of the study was to provide current information on grassland communities as deer habitat and itsfuture development plan for a sustainable forage management in upland Kebar, Papua. Quantitative estimation of forage production was carried out by measuring a biomass harvest in fresh weight bases, while occasional observations on ranging deer were done within habitat range with the aid of 7x50 binoculars verified by actual visitation of grazed area. The study indicated Kebar, as the only grazing area of deer varies in low layer vegetation composition that comprised of eleven grass species and five legume species. Imperata cylindrica, Paspalum conjugatum, Themeda arguens, Melinis minutiflora and Cyperus rotundus were identified as food plant of deer in Kebar. Among these species T. arguens, M. minutiflora, C. rotundus and I. cylindrica were the most preferred species consumed by deer. The biomass harvest (species productivity) was 30.36 kg/ha fresh weight, while deer food productivity in the grassland was slightly lower (26.70 kg/ha) than total productivity of the grassland. The major drainage area is Kasi River, but two other rivers across this valley (Api River, Apriri River) are also supply water to the swampy area.Key words: grazing, habitat, Rusa, Kebar, Manokwari.

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