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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Correlations between Degree of Petal Fusion, Leaf Size and Fruit Size: A Case in Syzygium (Myrtaceae) PUDJI WIDODO; ALEX HARTANA; TATIK CHIKMAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100303

Abstract

Syzygium is one of large genera of the flowering plants. In order to simplify the identification, a classification is required, e.g. based on degree of petal fusion, leaf size and fruit size. Due to variations of vegetative and generative characters, a correlation analysis was carried out. The aim of this research is to know the correlation between degree of petal fusion, leaf length and fruit diameter. The result of this research showed that there is positive correlation between those three variables. The increase of leaf size will increase fruit size and petal lobe depth.Key words: Syzygium, petal fusion, free, intermediate, fused petal, leaf, fruit size.
Population Dynamics of Banteng, Buffalo and Deer in Bekol Savannah, Baluran National Park SUHADI SUHADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100307

Abstract

Baluran National Park give contribution at regional development to draw tourist and fascination provided is savannah in area. Savannah circumstance, forest, landscape, climate, vegetation and wild animal is represent experienced attraction. Research method use population dynamics perception of banteng, buffalo and deer in savannah of Bekol year 2004 and year 2005 as primary data, while secondary data year population dynamics 2003, 2004, and year 2005 outside savannah of Bekol, year population dynamics 2003 in savannah of Bekol. Secondary data obtained from daily report of Controller ecosystem Forest Worker animal discovery Baluran National Park from Section Bekol. Research location of outside savannah Bekol were Balanan, Perengan, Bitakol, Karangtekok, Pandean, Pondok jaran, Bama, Curah uling, Gunung Montor, Lempuyang, Bilik, Batangan, Labuhan Merak, Kramat, Semiang, Sirokoh, Lemah bang, Gunung Krasak, and Glengseran. The populations of banteng and buffalo in the savannah were unstable compared to the populations of them outside Bekol savannah. The populations of banteng and buffalo in Bekol savannah decreased, whereas the populations of them outside the Bekol savannah increased. The population of deer in Bekol savannah in 2004 was better than population of 2003, 2005, and 2006, whereas the population of deer outside Bekol savannah in 2006 increase significantly. The populations of banteng, buffalo, and deer decreased from year to year, in which the reductions of banteng and buffalo populations were obviously significant.Key words: banteng, buffalo, deer, Bekol savannah, Baluran National Park.
Characterization and Purification a Specific Xylanase Showing Arabinofuranosidase Activity from Streptomyces spp. 234P-16 ANJA MERYANDINI; TRIO HENDARWIN; FAHRRUROZI FAHRRUROZI; ALINA AKHDIYA; DEDEN SAPRUDIN; YULIN LESTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100302

Abstract

Streptomyces spp 234P-16 producing xylanase was isolated from soil sample from Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Crude enzyme (produced by centrifuging the culture at 14000 rpm for about 5 minutes) and purified xylanase have an optimum condition at pH 5 and 90oC. Crude xylanase have half life time of 4 hours, whereas purified xylanase have half life time of 2.5 hours at 90oC. The molecular mass of purified xylanase was determined to be 42.4 kDa. The Arabinofuranosidase have a Km and Vmax value of 1.98 mg/mL and 523 μmol/minute/mg, respectivelyKey words: xylanase, xylooligosaccharide, arabinofuranosidase, Streptomyces.
Ethnobotanical study on the Genus Pandanus L. f. in certain areas in Java, Indonesia WARDAH WARDAH; FRANCISCA MURTI SETYOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100308

Abstract

There were two species of Pandanus recorded in Java, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. and Pandanus tectorius Sol. The leaf of P. tectorius is commonly harvested as source of handicraft materials, while P. amaryllifolius is for culinary aromatic purposes only. The pandan kunyit (P. tectorius Sol.) in Bangkalan and pandan jeksi (P. tectorius Sol. var. samak Werb.) in Kebumen (Central Java) are the best resource for plaiting industry. Prospect of Pandanus plaiting can rise the income of farmers in the village and rise foreign exchange depend on how to fulfill the best pandan and its processing. It is hoped the good relation between farmers and government to sustain and develop the pandan production.Key words: ethnobotany, Pandanus, uses, Java.
Partial Characterization of a Novel Reovirus Isolated from a Hypovirulent Strain (9B21) of Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr SUPYANI SUPYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100203

Abstract

A filamentous fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr. is the causal agent of the chestnut blight disease. This fungus has some hypovirulent strains. These strains are known to be infected by viruses. To date, many species of viruses havebeen found to be associated with C. parasitica strains. The number genome segments, their relative size, titer and sequence homology as well as the effects on host fungal virulence and morphology were varied among the C. parasiticaassociating viruses. Cryphonectria parasitica mycoreovirus-1 (CpMYRV1) is a newly characterized reovirus isolated from C.parasitica. The viral genome consists of 11 segments of dsRNA termed S1 to S11. The aims of this research were to determine the complete sequences of the three shortest segments (S9-S11) of CpMYRV1, and to analyze the relationship of the dsRNA segments to the segments within the reoviruses genome. Sequence analyses showed that segments S9, S10, and S11 are 1072 bp, 975 bp, and 732 bp in size with single ORFs coding for 297, 247, and 101 amino acids respectively. Genome segments S9 to S11 have common terminal sequences, 5’GAUCA--- GCAGUCA3’. The deduced amino acid sequence coded by segment 9 showed a similarity to P11 of evolutionarily related Rosellinia anti-rot virus (Reoviridae), while S10 or S11 exhibited they were no significant sequence similarities to the known sequences published.Key words: Cryphonectria parasitica, CpMYRV1, molecular characterization.
Extraction of Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera L.) through Fermentation System RINI HANDAYANI; JOKO SULISTYO; RITA DWI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100309

Abstract

Coconut oil (Cocos nucifera L.) has a unique role in the diet as an important physiologically functional food. The health andnutritional benefits that can be derived from consuming coconut oil have been recognized in many parts of the world for centuries. There are few techniques for coconut oil extraction, such as physical, chemical, and fermentation or enzymaticprocesses using microbial inoculum as enzymatic starter. Starter with different concentration (1.0; 2.5; 5.0; and 10%) of microbial strains were added into coconut cream and allowed to be fermented for over night. The extracted oil was analyzed for further experiment, especially on its antibacterial activity. The maximum yield of 27.2% was achieved by adding 5.0% starter. Water content, acid value, FFA, and peroxide value of the fermented coconut oil were 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.22% and 2.54% respectively. A gas chromatogram showed that this fermented oil contained high lauric acid (46.82%), and 6.01% caprylic, 7.5% capric, 17.02% miristic, 7.21% palmitic, 3.11% palmitoleic, 5.41% stearic, and 1.3% linoleic acid, respectively. An inhibitory effect of such kind coconut oil which contains potential fatty acid against bacterial growth was further examined. It was found that this edible oil exhibited antibacterial activity to inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella; however it showed slightly inhibitory effect when it was exposed to Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli.Key words: coconut oil, inoculum, fermentation, lauric acid, antibacterial
Potency of Lobak Leaves (Raphanus sativus L. var. hortensis Back) as Anticancer and Antimicrobial Candidates RITA RAKHMAWATI; ENDANG ANGGARWULAN; ESTU RETNANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100310

Abstract

One of vegetables can preventive cancer and have been used traditionally to cure infection, such as lobak (Raphanus sativus L.). Ineffectiveness antibiotics against microbial infections were still problem until now. Types of antibiotics and anticancer agents from natural resources should be explored and developed. This study was aimed to know toxicity effect and antimicrobial activity of active fractions from lobak leaves. Toxicity study was conducted using Brine Shrimp LethalityTest (BST). Samples were prepared at the concentration of 100, 500, and 1000μg/mL. Antibacterial study against Staphylococcus aureus was conducted using agar-well diffusion method at concentration 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100%. Ethyl acetate fraction from methanol extract is the most active that had larger clear zone in S. aureus culture (10,64 mm) and insoluble ethyl acetate fraction from methanol extract is the most active against A. salina (84% death A. salina at 100 μg/mL). Bioactive compounds at active fraction were identified to contain polar compounds.Key words: Raphanus sativus L., BST, Staphylococcus aureus, active fraction
Genetic Transformation of Transcription Factor (35S-oshox4) Gene into Rice Genome and Transformant Analysis of hpt Gene by PCR and Hygromycin Resistance Test ENUNG SRI MULYANINGSIH; REGY HERMAWAN; INEZ HORTENZE SLAMET LOEDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100202

Abstract

Global warming, climate change and crop extensification in marginal dryland areas are related to long dry season and waterdeficit. The water availability is an important factor in improving plant production. Application of drought tolerant rice cultivars is one of several options that might be used. Genetic engineering at the level of transcription factors is particularly promising strategy to develop drought tolerant rice varieties. Transcription factors regulate a wide range of target genes in which of them contribute to stress tolerance. HD Zip genes are transcription factor that potential in the adaptation of plants to some environment stresses including water deficit. HD-ZIP oshox4 (oryza sativa homeobox) gene controlled by 35S promotor is inserted into pCAMBIA 1300 vector with hpt (hygromycin) gene as a selectable marker. The aim of this research is to obtain transgenic rice plant from transformation with 35S-oshox4 plasmid, segregation analysis of marker gene (hpt) by PCR method at T0 and T1 generation, and hygromycin resistance analysis of seeds. Recombinant plasmid was transformed into rice genome of IRAT 112 and rojolele cultivars using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The results showed thattransformation efficiency of IRAT 112 was 5.7-13.6% and 26-66,7% for rojolele. While regeneration efficiency for IRAT 112 is 4.7-43.7% and 23-44.1% for rojolele. The result of hygromycin resistance test at T1 seeds were obtained 14 lines cv. rojolele segregation Mendelian for hpt gene. The PCR analysis using specific primers for hpt gene at the parent (T0) from 14 lines showed that 7 lines contain the gene. At the second generation (T1), PCR analysis using hpt primers showed that 3 from 4 lines were followed Mendelian segregation pattern by the presence of specific band.Key words: HD-Zip oshox (oryza sativa homeobox), 35S-oshox4, hpt, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, PCR.
PCR-Based EST Mapping in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) TATIK CHIKMAWATI; MIFTAHUDIN MIFTAHUDIN; J. PERRY GUSTAFSON
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100201

Abstract

Mapping expressed sequence tags (ESTs) to hexaploid wheat is aimed to reveal the structure and function of the hexaploid wheat genome. Sixty eight ESTs representing 26 genes were mapped into all seven homologous chromosome groups of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) using a polymerase chain reaction technique. The majority of the ESTs were mapped to homologous chromosome group 2, and the least were mapped to homologous chromosome group 6. Comparative analysisbetween the EST map from this study and the EST map based on RFLPs showed 14 genes that have been mapped by both approaches were mapped to the same arm of the same homologous chromosome, which indicated that using PCRbasedESTs was a reliable approach in mapping ESTs in hexaploid wheat.Key words: wheat, EST, PCR, homologous.
Population Status of Cacatua sulphurea parvula and Trichoglossus euteles in Alor, East Nusa Tenggara WAHYU WIDODO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d100205

Abstract

The aim of this survey was to know the abundance status of the Yellow-crested Small Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea parvula) and Yellow-headed Lorikeet (Trichoglossus euteles) in Alor, East Nusa Tenggara Province. There were four observation sites in the survey, namely: (i) Air Mancur preparatory Village (in and around of Tuti Adigae Natural Tourism Park, East Alor Sub-district), (ii) Tanglapui Village (Kampong Irawuri) (East Alor Sub-district), (iii) Probur Village (Kampong Wormanem) (Southwest Alor Sub-district), and (iv) Bota Village (Northwest Alor Sub-district). The survey was used for the bird encounter rates per unit time method. The bird population was estimated by abundance score value. Fifty species of birds or 64.9% of 77 species of birds occurring in Alor were recorded during field work. The yellow-headed lorikeet observed was more abundant with five abundance score and for the numbers per 10 hours observation were 58.06. There was no yellow-crested small cockatoo observed during the survey. However, the yellow-crested small cockatoo was presumed to be present in the fields by the direct observation of old nest site of Canarium trees.Key words: parrot, population, Cacatua sulphurea parvula, Trichoglossus euteles, Alor

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