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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Molecular analysis of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from cow meat in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using 16S rRNA gene Alvita Indraswari; I Wayan Suardana; Aris Haryanto; Dyah Ayu Widiasih
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221050

Abstract

Abstract. Indraswari A, Suardana IW, Haryanto A, Widiasih DA. 2021. Molecular analysis of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from cow meat in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using 16S rRNA gene. Biodiversitas 22: 4566-4573. Meat has been recognized as a major source of foodborne disease and a public health problem. The characteristics of meat become an ideal growth medium for various microorganisms if not handled properly. Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the foodborne disease agents that causes diarrhea. Identification of pathogenic E. coli isolated from cow meat needs to be done. This research aims to study nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene of pathogenic E. coli isolated from cow meat in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). These fifteen isolates have been detected for eae target gene, then amplification of the 16S rRNA gene was carried out using primers 27F and 1492R. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction was performed on the fifteen isolates of pathogenic E. coli to figure out the relationship to reference strains available at the GenBank. Results show that nucleotide sequence among the fifteen isolates from different traditional markets in Yogyakarta, Indonesia and reference strains are very similar. The fifteen isolates have small genetic distance to the reference strains, and these fifteen isolates are also in the same clade with reference strains. This research shows that the fifteen isolates under investigation are closely related to the reference strains, which is Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC). People should pay more attention in processing food stock, especially cow meat. Further research may focus on determining the strain of those fifteen isolates.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in rice cv. IPB3S results in a semi-dwarf phenotypic mutant NURHAYATI NURHAYATI; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie; Tri Joko Santoso; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220924

Abstract

Abstract. Nurhayati, Ardie SW, Santoso TJ, Sudarsono. 2021. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in rice cv. IPB3S results in a semi-dwarf phenotypic mutant. Biodiversitas 22: 3792-3800. IPB3S is Indonesian lowland rice and high-yielding cultivar. However, plant height posture makes it prone to lodging which could reduce the yield. This study aimed to edit the GA20Ox2 gene by introducing CRISPR/Cas9 GA20Ox2 construct into IPB3S and developing the semidwarf rice mutants. Immature embryo explants of IPB3S were used for the transformation process mediated by EHA105 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying pC1300-Cas9/GA20Ox2 and by changing the regeneration medium composition. PCR analysis showed that rice cv. IPB3S genetic transformation gained putative mutant T0 lines carrying the hpt gene (growth efficiency was 47.9%, while transformation efficiency was 19.3%). Using the developed regeneration medium, we have obtained 24 putative rice cv. IPB3S T0 mutant lines carrying hpt. The best medium for regenerating IPB3S was the A medium (regeneration efficiency 73.3%). IPB 8 and IPB 14 were potential to evaluate in the next generation. The shortest plant height for the T1 generation was observed in the IPB 8-3 mutant.
Influence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 on upper respiratory tract microbial biodiversity in infants Samat Kozhakhmetov; Yermek Aitenov; Bakhyt Ramazanova; Yekaterina Koloskova; Tatyana Burkutbayeva; Lyazzat Yeraliyeva; Kamilya Mustafina; Gulshakhar Beglarova; Maral Yergazina; Аlmagul Kushugulova
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221142

Abstract

Abstract. Kozhakhmetov S, Aitenov Y, Ramazanova B, Koloskova Y, Burkutbayeva T, Yeraliyeva L, Mustafina K, Beglarova G, Yergazina M, Kushugulova A. 2021. Influence of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 on upper respiratory tract microbial biodiversity in infants. Biodiversitas 22: 5055-5060. Pneumococcal disease and its associated mortality are burdens on the healthcare system. The intensive introduction of pneumococcal vaccines has provided robust control and infection management worldwide. The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) has been successfully employed in the national programs of many countries. However, no studies have yet analyzed the effect of pneumococcal vaccines on Central Asian populations. We investigated the effect of the pneumococcal vaccine on the nasopharyngeal microbiome of infants under the age of two years. Samples were collected from healthy patients as part of routine hospital check-ups, then subjected to high-throughput sequencing of the V1–V3 region of 16S rRNA for bioinformatics analysis. The obtained data were combined with the results of a previously published study (with matching criteria) to increase statistical power. No significant differences were found in vaccination status, sex or age. Nevertheless, the results demonstrated structural changes in the microbiome of the upper respiratory tract under the influence of the PCV13 vaccine. The results of beta-diversity unweighted UniFrac distance measuring showed that the experimental groups differed in their qualitative (taxonomic) structure (p < 0.1). In the vaccinated group, the abundance of several symbiotic taxa was significantly decreased, including Streptococcus pneumonia.
Ethnobotanical study and utilization of plants in Khok Nhong Phok forest, Kosum Phisai District, Northeastern Thailand NARIN SAISOR; PREECHA PRATHEPHA; Surapon Saensouk
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221026

Abstract

Abstract. Saisor N, Prathepha P, Saensouk S. 2021. Ethnobotanical study and utilization of plants in Khok Nhong Phok forest, Kosum Phisai District, Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 4336-4348. The present study was conducted in Khok Nhong Phok forest, Kosum Phisai District, Maha Sarakham Province, Northeastern Thailand. The forest was surrounded by communities where traditional knowledge has been inherited in the utilization of plants which may disappear over time due to the development of medicinal science and technology. The primary is to study the traditional knowledge in ethnobotanical, collect information about the utilization of plants, and provide the scientific name as the basis for future studies. Data were collected through open-ends interviewing with 30 villagers living in villages around the forest area about their local name, utilization of plants in all 3 aspects, including plants used as food, medicine, and plants used to build houses including parts of plants used. Plant materials and photographs were collected from January to December 2019. Altogether 101 plant species were recorded belonging to 52 families, divided into 3 groups of utilization according to traditional knowledge including 50 species of food plants, 69 species of medicinal plants, and 42 species used for housing, appliances, and fuel. In this study, some plants with more than one type of utilization showed that they were valuable to local people in terms of their uses, and such information can be used as a guideline for the conservation of plant resources in the area to show the importance of cherishing, and maintain valuable resources in the area to remain for future generations.
Genetic diversity of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner in Temanggung District, Indonesia based on molecular marker RAPD Intan Widya Pangestika; Ari Susilowati; Edi Purwanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221109

Abstract

Abstract. Authors. 2021. Genetic diversity of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner in Temanggung District, Indonesia based on molecular marker RAPD. Biodiversitas 22: 4775-4783. Temanggung District in Central Java Province, Indonesia is one of robusta coffee production centers. The condition of coffee plantations in Temanggung shows variations in some morphological traits. Variations in coffee phenotypes are considered less profitable for farmers because they produce yields of undesirable quality in the global market. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of robusta coffee in Temanggung. The coffee plants were derived from six villages located at two levels of altitude. The morphological traits were observed from canopy width, trunk diameter, plant height, cherry volume, and bean volume, while the biochemical compositions were determined by caffeine content and brew’s pH value. The molecular assays were performed using PCR-RAPD with ten primers and species identification was based on the ITS rDNA. Our finding showed a variation in all morphological characters and biochemical compositions based on the LSD test 5%. The molecular marker RAPD revealed the genetic diversity by showing the DNA polymorphism levels of 95%, with the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.35 to 0.86. The species identification also demonstrated that our robusta coffee was 97.11-99.70% similar to robusta coffee MK615737.1 from Philippines and robusta coffee DQ153593.1 from Cameroon. Thus, genetic diversity on six populations of robusta coffee was found, along with its variations on phenotypes which might lead the coffee yield quality to become uneven.
Diversity and ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Ban Hua Kua, Kae Dam District, Thailand WILAIJIT NUMPULSUKSANT; Surapon Saensouk; Piyaporn Saensouk
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221027

Abstract

Abstract. Numpulsuksant W, Saensouk S, Sanesouk P. 2021. Diversity and ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Ban Hua Kua, Kae Dam District, Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 4349-4357. Diversity and ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Ban Hua Kua village, Kae Dam District, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: xxxx-xxxx. This study can serve as basic information for further study and provide conservation criteria for medicinal plants in Ban Hua Kua village, Kae Dam District, Maha Sarakham Province to assure continued species richness and sustainable use. This study aimed to document ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants, including their diversity, in Ban Hua Kua village, Kae Dam District, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand. The ethnobotanical data were obtained from 19 local experts using semi-structured forms to record the interviewee's personal information and topics related to the medicinal use of specific plants. Thirty-eight medicinal plants belonging to 35 genera in 23 families were collected. The most commonly represented family was Zingiberaceae comprised of six species (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf., Curcuma angustifolia Roxb., Curcuma comosa Roxb., Curcuma longa L., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe), followed by Fabaceae with four species (Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth., Dialium cochinchinense Pierre, Senna siamea Lam., and Tamarindus indica L.), and Rutaceae with three species (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa ex Roxb., Clausena wallichii Oliv., Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem.), while the other 20 families represent only one to two plant species. The root was the most frequently used part of the plant. The species with the highest use-value was Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. (0.68), a native plant of the Ban Hua Kuavillage. Diospyros mollis Griff. (CI = 0.21), Dialium cochinchinense Pierre (CI = 0.21), Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze (CI = 0.21), Vitex glabrata R. Br. (CI = 0.21), Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa ex Roxb. (CI = 0.21), Phyllanthus emblica L. (CI = 0.21), and Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. (CI = 0.21) were found the highest cultural important index (CI), while Diospyros mollis Griff., Dialium cochinchinense Pierre, Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Vitex glabrata R. Br., Phyllanthus emblica L., Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa ex Roxb., and Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. were found the highest %FL = 50. The climber was mostly used for medicinal plants (IAR = 0.97). Root (57.89%), leaf (52.63%), and fruit (39.47%) were reported the most plant parts used by the villagers. Therefore, the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants at Ban Hua Kua village is indicated to conservation for sustainable use in the future. Moreover, this study was the first reported in Maha Sarakham province.
Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus ERNILASARI ERNILASARI; KAMALLIANSYAH WALIL; FITMAWATI FITMAWATI; DEWI INDRIYANI ROSLIM; ZUMAIDAR ZUMAIDAR; SAUDAH SAUDAH; RAYHANNISA RAYHANNISA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221039

Abstract

Abstract. Ernilasari, Walil K, Fitmawati, Roslim DI, Zumaidar, Saudah, Rayhannisa. 2021. Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Biodiversitas 22: 4457-4464. Etlingera elatior is a medicinal plant that has been used by people in Indonesia, especially Acehnese people. Based on its secondary metabolites, E. elatior can be used as antibacterial agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative. However, to determine the antibacterial activity of E. elatior, the parts of E. elatior that have been used are leaves, flowers, and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the best concentration of ethanol extract of leaves, flowers, and fruits of E. elatior as an inhibitor against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The extract was made by the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the diffusion agar method using concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The results showed that the fruit extract of E. elatior has antibacterial activity with an effective inhibitory zone at a concentration of 2% is 8.4 mm (E. coli) and 2.4 mm (S. aureus). Meanwhile, antibacterial activity the extract of leaves and flowers against E. elatior cannot determine yet. Identification of leaves, flowers and fruits extract of E. elatior using GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy) showed 56 compounds were detected.
Home gardens in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: A promising approach to enhance household food security and well-being Pelisa Ngcaba; Alfred Maroyi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220953

Abstract

Abstract. Ngcaba P, Maroyi A. 2021. Home gardens in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: A promising approach to enhance household food security and well-being. Biodiversitas 22: 4045-4053. The current study is aimed at documenting the diversity and composition of food plants cultivated and maintained in home gardens; and also assessing their role at enhancing household food security and well-being in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. This study was undertaken in six villages in the province, between June 2014 and March 2016. Information on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the respondents, home garden practices, food plants grown and maintained in home gardens were collected by means of questionnaires and guided field walks with 129 respondents. A total of 32 edible plants belonging to 27 genera and 18 families were recorded. The main uses of plants grown and managed in home gardens were edible fruits or seeds (56.3%), leaves cooked as leafy vegetables (28.1%), edible bulbs, roots and tubers (21.9%), beverage, cereal, and culinary herb or spice (3.1% each). The most preferred species were Zea mays (64.3%), followed by Brassica oleracea (59.7%), Solanum tuberosum (58.9%), Spinacia oleracea (52.7%), Allium cepa (51.9%), Cucurbita moschata (44.2%), Capsicum annuum (38.0%), Cucurbita maxima (31.8%) and Daucas carota (31.0%). This study showed that home gardens can provide alternative sources of diverse and nutritious food to households, making home gardens an important agricultural resource for increasing food security in the province.
Crustacean and mollusk species diversity and abundance in the mangrove communities of Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia Gesang Setyadi; DWI LISTYO Rahayu; Rudhi Pribadi; RETNO HARTATI; DIAH PERMATA Wijayanti; DENNY NUGROHO Sugianto; Agung Darmawan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221004

Abstract

Abstract. Setyadi G, Rahayu DL, Pribadi R, Hartati R, Wijayanti DP, Sugianto DN, Darmawan A. 2021. Crustacean and mollusk species diversity and abundance in the mangrove communities of Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4146-4157. A mangrove crustacean and mollusk species diversity study was carried out in four mangrove estuaries in Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia. Two locations were selected on each estuary; for each location, samples of crustaceans and mollusks were collected from 5 m × 5 m plots, and mangrove trees were recorded on 10 m × 10 m plots at a distance of 10 m, 250 m and 500 m perpendicular to the riverbank. This study recorded a total of 41 species of crustaceans and 32 species of mollusks the latter comprising three species of bivalves and 29 gastropod species. The number of crab species found was among the highest compared to similar studies in the world. The average number of species collected from each 25 m2 plot was 7.6 ± 4.2 species for crustaceans, with an average abundance of 87 ± 3.5 individuals; for mollusks, it was 3.3 ± 3 species with an average abundance of 28 ± 48.4. Crustacean abundance and species composition were influenced by inundation frequency. There was a strong correlation between the crab Parasesarma cricotum and the association of Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangroves, and Clistocoeloma amamaparense and the association of B. gymnorrhiza, R. apiculata, and Bruguiera parviflora mangroves. For mollusks, correlations were found between Terebralia palustris and Ellobium aurisjudae and the association of R. apiculata and B. parviflora mangroves. The highest crustacean Shannon-Wiener diversity index was associated with Sonneratia alba and Avicennia marina mangroves, and the highest mollusk Shannon-Wiener diversity index was associated with R. apiculata and B. gymnorrhiza mangroves.
Incidence of banana leaf roller and diversity of it is parasitoids in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Flora Pasaru; Mohammad Yunus; Moh. Hibban Toana; Nur Edy; ALAM ANSHARY; SHAHABUDDIN SALEH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221138

Abstract

Abstract. Pasaru F, Yunus M, Toana MH, Edy N, Anshary A, Saleh S. 2021. Incidence of banana leaf roller and diversity of it is parasitoids in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5023-5029. Incidence of banana leaf roller and diversity of it is parasitoids in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Indonesia is still facing banana losses due to the leaf roller (Erionota thrax). Fortunately, it has several natural enemies potentially to control them. Therefore, a survey was done to measure the incidence of banana leaf roller (BLR) at different altitudes and banana cultivars as well as the diversity and parasitism of its parasitoids. The pra-imago stages of BLR were collected at different altitudes and banana cultivars in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, and transported to the laboratory for rearing and parasitism observation. The study revealed that the incidence of E. thrax in the surveyed locations varied from 28.6% to 85.8%, whereas the parasitism level of the BLR parasitoids was 0.0 to 22.1%. Incidence of E. thrax tended to be higher at a higher altitude while Kepok cultivar seemed to be less prone to BLR infestation compared with Raja and Mas cultivars. A total of nine parasitoids of BLR were recorded. They were Agiommatus sumatraensis, Pediobius erionotae, Ooencyrtus pallidipes, Brachymeria lasus, Brachymeria thracis, Cotesia erionatae, Xanthopimpla gampsura, Casinaria sp, and Palexorista solennis. Among them, B. lasus was the most abundant, widely distributed, and had the highest parasitism rate. Our study figured out that BLR infestation is a major problem in Central Sulawesi. Nevertheless, the presence of parasitoids recorded in this study may potentially be used as the biological control.

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