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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Identification of dragon fruit (Selenicereus) species in Mekong Delta based on DNA barcode sequences Tran Gia Huy; Tran Thanh Men; Nguyen Pham Anh Thi; DO TAN KHANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221012

Abstract

Abstract. Huy TG, Men TT, Thi NPA, Khang DT. 2021. Identification of dragon fruit (Selenicereus) species in Mekong Delta based on DNA barcode sequences. Biodiversitas 22: 4216-4222. Selenicereus species is one of the valuable fruiting plants in Vietnam due to its properties, e.g., rich nutrition and medicine activity. Eight DNA barcodes applied to the discrimination power of dragon fruit species in the Mekong delta. Total DNA extracted from fresh roots and the loci of interest were amplified and sequenced. DNA sequences were aligned and determined variable regions. The findings revealed that four loci, including matK, rbcL, rpoC1, and atpF-H reached high PCR yield and specificity compared to those in ycf1b, psbK-I, and ITS. The atpF-H was the most variable region due to the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indel mutations, whereas rpoC1 was the least one. Based on sequence characteristics, each locus only discriminated some of the Selenicereus monacanthus from Southern Horticultural Research Institute identified by combining three loci, atpF-H, matK, and rbcL. The results elucidated the close genetic relationship between Mekong delta dragon fruits and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Furthermore, this finding generated a DNA barcode database of ten dragon fruit accessions and suggested that multiple loci in the chloroplast genome should be a reliable solution for identifying this highly commercial fruiting plant.
Vegetation community and species association of Castanopsis spp. at its habitat in the remnant forest of Cibodas Botanical Garden, Indonesia dian ridwan nurdiana; Inocencio E , Jr. Buot
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221112

Abstract

Abstract. Nurdiana DR, Buot IE Jr. 2021. Vegetation community and species association of Castanopsis spp. at its habitat in the remnant forest of Cibodas Botanical Garden, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4799-4807. Castanopsis is one of the genera of Fagaceae with a large distribution in Indonesia. The genus can be found easily in Java, Sumatera and Kalimantan. Several studies have found an association between Castanopsis and environmental factors dealing with the diversity, dispersal and propagation. So far, there has been no agreement on how Castanopsis interacts with other species within the same genus in nature, especially in the remnant forest under a fragmented state. The objectives of the study were to determine the vegetation associated with Castanopsis and whether each species of the genus Castanopsis co-occur within the remnant forest? A total of 60 plots have been studied in 3 different sites of the remnant forest. The nested sampling method was used to identify the trees, saplings and seedlings. Sixty-seven total species of trees, 140 species of saplings and 121 species of seedlings in Cibodas Botanical Garden remnant forest were recorded. The diversity index for tree, sapling and seedling were 3.5, 3.9 and 4.1, respectively, while evenness index for tree, sapling and seedling were 0.81, 0.8 and 0.85 respectively. The interspecific association of the genus Castanopsis was restricted to C. javanica x C. tungurrut. They are associated positively at sapling stage with Jaccard index of 0.2. However, at tree stage, there was no association out of the pair, C. javanica x C. tungurrut. Competition within genus Castanopsis occurred in the same habitat, though at a lesser degree which needs to be studied further. Dominance of many pioneer species (Oreocnide integrifolia (Gaudich.) Miq., Ostodes paniculata Blume, Cestrum aurantiacum Lindl. and others) at tree stage had been evident. This implies that the Cibodas remnant forest is still in the process of succession towards a more stable climax state.
Selection of wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines for the high altitude of Indonesia based on single- and multi-character adaptation YUDIWANTI WAHYU; ELIS NURAENI; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221236

Abstract

Abstract. Nuraeni E, Wahyu Y, Trikoesoemaningtyas. 2021. Selection of wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines for the high altitude of Indonesia based on single- and multi-character adaptation. Biodiversitas 22: 5530-5535. The high demand for wheat in Indonesia encourages the assembly of wheat varieties adaptive to the tropical environment. The increase in wheat diversity has been carried out through the crossing process, and it is necessary to evaluate the adaptability of the genotypes resulting from the cross. This study aims to obtain information on the adaptation classes of the F5 population and the differential of agronomic character selection in single and multi-character selection. The study was conducted at the BB Biogen Experimental Garden, Ciwalen (925 masl), in August-December 2020. The F5 of HP1744/Selayar population was used as genetic material with two comparison varieties, namely Guri 1 and Guri 3. The adaptation class for a single character was determined based on seed weight per plant, while for multi-character based on the characters with a wedge between the high category heritability value and the correlation coefficient ?0.5. The result showed that the number of florets, seed weight per plant, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, and weight of seeds in the main panicle were selected as a reference for multi-character selection. The t-test showed that the adaptive and highly adaptive classes genotypes had higher yields than the comparison varieties. The selection differential shows an increase in the mean value for all reference characters. The adaptation class based on a single character resulted in a higher average value of seed weight in all classes compared to selection based on multi-character.
The diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) at Tanahbala Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia Mairawita Mairawita; Study Duha; Henny Herwina
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240350

Abstract

Abstract. Mairawita, Duha S, Herwina H. 2023. The diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) at Tanahbala Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia.Biodiversitas 24: 1759-1765. The research was conducted from April to October 2015 to observe the diversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera), complete an inventory, and obtain information about biodiversity on Tanahbala Island, South Nias District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Tanahbala Island is a small island in Indonesia with high biodiversity potential. Sampling in the study was carried out in the Fagugu and Tebolo areas with different habitat types, namely forests, forest edges, and residential areas. The tools used to collect samples are cylinder gauze and insect nets. After sampling, 617 butterflies were collected and identified. The identification results showed 52 species of butterflies consisting of 42 genera and nine families. The Nymphalidae family has the most observed species, namely 17, while the Acraeaidae family has only one observed species. The diversity index of all butterflies collected in this study showed a high average value of 3.00. This shows that the biodiversity of butterflies on Tanahbala Island is relatively high. The data obtained from this study will be beneficial to support biodiversity conservation efforts on Tanahbala Island, particularly in managing butterfly habitats. In addition, this data can also be a reference for researchers and conservationists to preserve butterfly biodiversity in Indonesia. This research also shows the importance of inventorying and monitoring biodiversity in Indonesian territory, especially in small islands such as Tanahbala Island, which should be addressed. With better inventory efforts, more complete and accurate data can be produced regarding the biodiversity in Indonesian territory so that more appropriate and effective conservation efforts can be carried out.
The natural resource management to support tourism: A traditional knowledge approach in Pegunungan Arfak Nature Reserve, West Papua, Indonesia LUKAS YOWEL SONBAIT; HOTLAN MANIK; HERMANUS WARMETAN; YUSTINA LINA DINA WAMBRAUW; MEKY SAGRIM; DONY ARISTONE DJITMAU; JACOBUS WANGGAI; BERNADUS BENNEDICTUS RETTOB; Agustinus Murdjoko
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221040

Abstract

Abstract. Sonbait LY, Manik H, Warmetan H, Wambrauw YLD, Sagrim M, Djitmau DA, Wanggai J, Rettob BB, Murdjoko A. 2021. The natural resource management to support tourism: A traditional knowledge approach in Pegunungan Arfak Nature Reserve, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4466-4474. Pegunungan Arfak Nature Reserve (PANR) is administratively located in three districts of West Papua, namely Manokwari, Manokwari Selatan, and Pegunungan Arfak that has diversity of protected flora and fauna. Therefore, it is crucial to study the local products for the development of ecotourism models based on local wisdom in supporting the potential economy of communities in the Pegunungan Arfak reserve. The data were obtained from direct interviews with communities around the nature reserve area through related government agencies in Manokwari District. The finding of this research highlighted that local people in Pegunungan Arfak (the Hatam-Moile sub-tribe) still use traditional knowledge for their livelihood. Most of the activities were the utilization of natural resources such as flora and fauna. They understand how to manage the natural resource to earn economic benefit along with the implementation of their traditional concept to promote the sustainability of nature. The biodiversity and social-cultural richness of local people in Pegunungan Arfak have value to be developed together with traditional ecological knowledge in sustainable nature management where local people earn benefits and nature is conserved simultaneously.
Short Communication: Incidence of insect pest on planted Shorea macrophylla at reforestation sites in Gunung Apeng National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia Mogeret Sidi; Mohd Effendi Wasli; Elfera Polly; Aina Nadia Najwa Mohamad Jaffar; Meekiong Kalu; HAMSAWI SANI; Hafsah Nahrawi; Hashimah Elias; DZOLKHIFLI OMAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221154

Abstract

Abstract. Sidi MB, Wasli ME, Polly E, Jaffar ANNM, Kalu M, Sani H, Nahrawi H, Elias H, Omar D. 2021. Short Communication: Incidence of insect pest on planted Shorea macrophylla at reforestation sites in Gunung Apeng National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22: 5162-5168. Incidence of insect pest in Shorea macrophylla (de Vriese) P.S. Ashton had critical foliage damage in mono planting technique. The main objectives were to assess the foliage damage intensity of planted S. macrophylla by age stands and type of foliage damage. The insect pest attacks the foliage of S. macrophylla was determined. The study site was located at Gunung Apeng National Park (GANP), Sarawak, Malaysia, with planted S. macrophylla in enrichment planting at different years (planted in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011 for age stand 6, 5, 4, and 3, respectively). The results showed that the degree of foliage damage decreases with the age stand of S. macrophylla tree. Therefore, foliage damage was suspected to be caused by insect pests. Among the common foliage damages observed was "hole damage" caused by insect order Lepidoptera. Although foliage damage was significant, the severity of the damage will "heal" as the age stand increases. Further investigation on other possible causes of these pest attacks should be initiated to find solutions that may hasten the growth of planted S. macrophylla for forest restoration.
Biodegradation of LDPE plastic by local strain of Bacillus sp. isolated from dump soil of Pekanbaru, Indonesia BERNADETA LENI FIBRIARTI; FELIATRA FELIATRA; BINTAL AMIN; DARWIS DARWIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221232

Abstract

Abstract. Fibriarti BL, Feliatra, Amin B, Darwis. 2021. Biodegradation of LDPE plastic by local strain of Bacillus sp. isolated from Dump Soil Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5484-5490. Plastic is a compound resistant to degradation and takes tens to hundreds of years to decompose completely. The diversity of microbial metabolism allows microbes to degrade plastic and utilize it as a source of energy and carbon for growth. One type of plastic widely used in packaging is LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene). The purpose of this study was to test the ability of local isolates of Bacillus sp. strains BP4 and BP6 isolated from waste soil and to identify them at molecular level. In LDPE plastic degradation test, pieces of LDPE plastic were added as a carbon source to a mineral solution medium and incubated for 30 days on shaker incubator at 150 rpm. The percentage of plastic degradation was calculated by subtracting the percentage of the initial weight of the plastic with the final weight. The test results showed that two isolates i.e. BP4 and BP6 were able to degrade LDPE plastics with degradation percentages of 7.23 ± 0.64% and 8.19 ± 0.12%, respectively. Molecular identification results revealed that Bacillus sp. strain BP4 showed a similarity of 99.72% with Bacillus anthracis strain X11, while Bacillus sp. strain BP6 showed a similarity of 99.93% with Bacillus paramycoides strain 8929.
Response of termite communities to natural forest conversion Sri Heriza; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; IDHAM SAKTI HARAHAP; NINA MARYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221147

Abstract

Abstract. Heriza S, Buchori D, Harahap IS, Maryana N. 2021. Response of termite communities to natural forest conversion. Biodiversitas 22: 5092-5096. Natural forest conversion can affect termite communities resulting from the various types of land use conversion. This study aims to examine the impacts of natural forest conversion on termite communities based on species richness, feeding groups, and termite species composition. Four land use types were evaluated on a gradient from the least to the most disturbing: natural forest, plantation forest, oil palm plantations and settlements. The method used to observe termites in this study is a plot measured 50 m x 10 m and was divided into sub-plots of 5 m x 5 m. The termites were collected from leaf litter and soil, dead wood, trunks, and nests. The response of the termite community to the conversion of natural forest functions into other forms of land use types, where for termite species richness, there was no significant differences between land uses, but for abundance and based on feeding groups there were difference between them.
Sex ratio, gonadal and condition indexes of the Asiatic hard clam, Meretrix meretrix in Marudu Bay, Malaysia LADITAH DUISAN; Gazali Salim; JULIAN RANSANGAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221123

Abstract

Abstract. Duisan L, Salim G, Ransangan J. 2021. Sex ratio, Gonadal and Condition indexes of the Asiatic Hard Clam, Meretrix meretrix in Marudu Bay, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22: 4895-4904. Asiatic hard clam, Meretrix meretrix is one of the important shellfishery resources in Marudu Bay, Sabah, Malaysia. It is among the most popular clam species being widely traded in the local wet markets around Sabah, Malaysia. Unfortunately, the shellfishery management for this species has not been well established. In addition to overexploitation, habitat destruction is also one of the significant threats to this species due to the extensive land use of the coastal areas in Sabah. Hence, conservation and breeding efforts for this species are greatly required. Therefore, the current study was conducted to examine the sexual maturity of the clam with respect to shell length classes for artificial seed production purposes. For this study, a total of 86 clam specimens were randomly collected from mudflats in Marudu Bay. The specimens were utilized for gonad histological and condition analyses. The clams were grouped into three shell length classes; (3.00-4.99) cm, (5.00-6.99) cm, and (7.00-8.99) cm prior to the analyses. Results showed the natural stock of the Asiatic hard clams in Marudu Bay was dominated by females (1.39:1) over males with no hermaphroditism observed. The gonadal index was recorded higher among clams with shell lengths between 5.00 and 6.99 cm. The condition index analysis also recorded high (>4.0) for clams in all the shell length classes. The findings of this study suggest that the clams with shell lengths between 5.00 cm and 7.00 cm are already fully matured and can be utilized as a broodstock candidate for an artificial breeding program in the hatchery.
Population biology and ecology of the endangered Euphorbia susannae Marloth, an endemic to the Little Karoo, South Africa Laaiqah Jabar; Stefan John Siebert; Michele Pfab; Dirk Cilliers
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221052

Abstract

Abstract. Jabar L, Siebert SJ, Pfab MF, Cilliers DP. 2021. Population biology and ecology of the endangered Euphorbia susannae Marloth, an endemic to the Little Karoo, South Africa. Biodiversitas 22: 4583-4596. Many euphorbias in the semi-arid parts of South Africa are restricted edaphic specialists with small populations at risk of extinction. Euphorbia susannae is one such species, which grows on the edges of quartz patches along a section of the northern foot slopes of the Langeberg Mountains. This study set out to acquire data on the biology and ecology of the species during a first-ever comprehensive field survey. The resultant dataset allowed for the determination of the geographic distribution of the species, as well as the size and number of populations. Biotic and abiotic environmental variables were employed to generate a habitat profile and a species distribution model. The population structure, regeneration potential, and stability of each subpopulation and the population were also assessed. Euphorbia susannae is a range-restricted species (EOO 170 km2 and AOO 36 km2) confined to eight subpopulations that vary considerably in size. According to this study, 1845 individuals remain in the wild. Habitat preferences of the species were considered in detail and linked to a species distribution model for conservation purposes. It was shown that the species preferred nurse plants. The smallest adults size class was the largest cohort in all the sub-populations and was ascribed to pulse recruitments after an unknown favorable event. Although individuals were not evenly distributed among the size classes, annual recruitments levels were healthy, suggesting good pollination, seed set, and germination conditions.

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