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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 310   311   312   313   314 
Molecular identification and morphological description of Theloderma albopunctatum tadpoles from the Phu Khiao-Nam Nao Forest Complex, northeastern Thailand Jidapa Chunskul; Prapaiporn Thongproh; Wanchai Simmasian; Jirachai Arkajag; Sataphon Thongpun; Permsak Kanishthajata; Suthin Prompalad; Sutee Duangjai; Prateep Duengkae; Ratchata Phochayavanich; Chantip Chuaynkern; Yodchaiy Chuaynkern
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221153

Abstract

Abstract. Chunskul J, Thongproh P, Simmasian W, Arkajag J, Tongpun S, Kanishthajata P, Prompalad S, Duangjai S, Duengkae P, Phochayavanich R, Chuaynkern C, Chuaynkern Y. 2021. Molecular identification and morphological description of Theloderma albopunctatum tadpoles from the Phu Khiao-Nam Nao Forest Complex, northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 5145-5161. Presently, tadpole description of an external morphology and internal oral features of Theloderma albopunctatum (Anura, Rhacophoridae) is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to describe tadpoles of T. albopunctatum from the Phu Khiao-Nam Nao Forest Complex in northeastern Thailand based molecular and morphological characters. Tadpole identification was based on molecular analyses. The 16S and COI sequences of the T. albopunctutatum tadpole had a genetic distance of 0% and 0.15% with the adults from Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary and Nam Nao National Park, respectively. Bayesian inference analyses of 16S, 16S+COI, and BDNF + SIA + RHO + TYR strongly supported the identity of tadpole and adults T. albopunctatum tadpoles are of medium size, with a black to ashy gray body that turns dark brown in preservative, they also exhibit elliptical body depressions and follow the keratodont row formula 1:2+2/1+1:2 or 1:1+1/1+1:1. T. albopunctatum tadpoles are generally similar to T. asperum.
Antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces spp. sponge-associated isolated from Samalona Island of South Sulawesi, Indonesia Herlina Rante; Gemini Alam; Usmar Usmar; Syarifah Zahra; Ari Kurniawati; Alimuddin Ali
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230325

Abstract

Abstract. Rante H, Alam G, Usmar, Zahra S, Kurniawati A, Ali A. 2022. Antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces spp. sponge-associated isolated from Samalona Island of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1392-1398. The resistance case of infectious diseases increases annually, while the necessity of antibiotics as a drug choice for therapy most important is needed. One of the efforts to overcome these problems is an investigation of new antibiotic sources, namely marine organisms. Actinomycetes are microbes well known as more antibiotic-producing than fungi and bacteria. This study aims to the identification of marine actinomycetes isolated from sponge samples in Samalona Island, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against multi-drug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Isolation was carried out using SCA (Starch Casein Agar) medium by the pour plate method. The selected isolates were designated as SML10h and SML10a. The isolates SML 10h and SML 10a were recovered from sponges Haliclona sp. and Aplysina sp., respectively. The production of antimicrobial substances was performed by fermentation of isolates in SNB (Starch Nitrate Broth) medium for 14 days. The antimicrobial activity was shown by the ethyl acetate extract with 2 mg/20 ?L concentration against all test microbes. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the similarity of SML 10a was most closely related to Streptomyces geysiriensis (98%).
Morphological characteristics and flavonoid accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated at various salinity Jessyca Putri Choirunnisa; Yuli Widiyastuti; Amalia Tetrani Sakya; ahmad yunus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220915

Abstract

Abstract. Choirunnisa JP, Widiyastuti Y, Sakya AT, Yunus A. 2021. Morphological characteristics and flavonoid accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated at various salinity. Biodiversitas 22: 3716-3721. Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is an introduced medicinal plant from North America. E. purpurea has high morphological characteristics on stems, leaves and flowers. This plant has not much cultivated as a raw material for traditional medicine in Indonesia due to not much information about flavonoid accumulation of E. purpurea in this country. The purpose of this research was to study morphological characteristics from three accessions of E. purpurea cultivated with various salinity and to select E. purpurea accessions that have high flavonoid accumulation. This study design using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is 3 accessions of E. purpurea (E1; E2; E3). The second factor is 4 levels of CaCl2 (0 ppm; 2500 ppm; 5000 ppm; 10000 ppm). The study was conducted by observing the morphological characteristics of stems, leaves flowers, and herb extract and flavonoid accumulation were analyzed using SPSS. The results demonstrated that morphological characteristics are easy to observed on leaf shape and flower color. The highest herb extract with 10.043% and flavonoid accumulation with 0.510% were in accession 2 with the addition of  CaCl2 concentration of 10000 ppm. This study concludes that there are morphological characteristics of E. purpurea cultivated at various salinity and the highest CaCl2 concentration can increase with significance to herb extract and flavonoid accumulation.
Disturbances-based plan of delineating protected area’s buffer zone: A case study in Masigit Kareumbi Mountain, West Java, Indonesia Elham Sumarga; Ichsan Suwandhi; Hairatunnisa HAIRATUNNISA; Dwi Susilowardani; Adenna Yuska Nurrahman; Ashma Sadida
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221150

Abstract

Abstract. Sumarga E, Swandhi I, Hairatunnisa, Susilowardani D, Nurrahman AY, Sadida A. 2021. Disturbances-based plan of delineating protected area’s buffer zone: A case study in Masigit Kareumbi Mountain, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5115-5122. The harmony between ecosystems and people, particularly those who live around and inside protected areas, is a key factor for the success of ecosystem protection. This subsequently will ensure the maintenance of ecosystem capacity in providing different types of services. Unfortunately, human activities are still commonly linked to different types of disturbances inside protected areas. This study aims to spatially analyze the anthropogenic disturbances inside a protected area, with a case study in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area, Indonesia. Two types of disturbances, which can be directly and indirectly related to human intervention, are analyzed, i.e., fires and encroachment for agricultural purposes. This study used Maximum Enthropy (MaxEnt) to analyze the risk of forest fire, while the encroachment was analyzed based on a combination of satellite image interpretation and direct field observation. Fire risk modeling performed well with a mean AUC of 0.98, estimating high fire risk (fire probability more than 0.5) distributed in about 109 ha area inside the Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area. This study also identified about 428 ha of forest encroachment inside the protected area. This study further used the spatial information of the disturbances to determine the priority for selecting and designing areas for buffer zone development.
Genetic diversity of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) derived from nine regions in Indonesia based on SSR markers DIAN YUNITA Rinawati; Reflinur Reflinur; Diny Dinarti; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220919

Abstract

Abstract. Rinawati DY, Reflinur, Dinarti D, Sudarsono. 2021. Genetic diversity of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) derived from nine regions in Indonesia based on SSR markers. Biodiversitas 22: 3749-3755. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) has an important economic and conservation value. Indonesia has genetic diversity potential of sugar palm, considering the widespread distribution of sugar palm in Indonesia which has variations in geographical type. This study aims to determine the diversity and relationship of sugar palm from nine regions in Indonesia based on SSR markers. The genetic material consists of 141 sugar palm accessions derived from Bangka, Lampung, Lebak, Bogor, Tasikmalaya, Brebes, Gowa, Bombana, and Muna. Nine pairs of SSR primers were used for genotyping. The highest and lowest genetic diversity was found in the Bangka and Muna populations, respectively. The genetic diversity within a population (79%) was higher than the genetic diversity between populations (21%). The genetic distance between Bangka and Lebak is the closest (0.033), while between Lampung and Muna is the farthest (0.283). The accession relationship is divided into three major clusters. Clusters 1 consisted of Bangka, Lampung, Bogor, Tasikmalaya, Brebes, Gowa, Bombana and Muna accessions. Cluster 2 consisted of Bangka, Lampung, Lebak, Bogor, Tasikmalaya, Brebes, and Gowa accessions. Cluster 3 consisted of Bangka, Lebak, Brebes, Tasikmalaya, and Gowa accessions. Accession clustering does not show a typical relationship pattern based on geographic location.
Level of urbanization and habitat type, and not patch size, influence predacious arthropod diversity patterns of urban grasslands in South Africa Bianca Greyvenstein; Monique Botha; Johnnie van den Berg; Stefan Siebert
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220957

Abstract

Abstract. Greyvenstein B, Botha M, van den Berg J, Siebert SJ. 2021. Level of urbanization and habitat type, and not patch size, influence predacious arthropod diversity patterns of urban grasslands in South Africa. Biodiversitas 22: 4078-4094. Predacious arthropods provide a valuable ecosystem service within urban environments by suppressing pest numbers. However, urban ecological studies largely ignore this functional group and its diversity and species composition patterns. Some studies have been published regarding these patterns, however they were mostly done in Australia, Europe and America, thus an African perspective is lacking. Our aim was to address the gap in African literature by quantify the differences in predacious arthropod species richness and diversity within urban green space in varying urbanization intensities, habitat types of grassland and patch sizes in South Africa. Various indices were considered to examine the effect of urbanization on the diversity patterns of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), Mantodea, Araneae and Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Study sites included three levels of urbanization represented by population density, two types of urban grasslands (i.e., ruderal and fragmented grassland) and a peri-urban rangeland grassland as control, and a wide range of patch sizes. Our results indicated that an increase in urbanization intensities was associated with increased abundance of predacious arthropod taxa. Also, that urban and peri-urban grasslands had similar predacious arthropod species richness and diversity, but differed in species composition. No relationship was found between patch size and arthropod diversity or composition. Thus, predacious arthropod abundances are influenced by the level of urbanization and their species composition is influenced by the type of urban grassland (ruderal or fragmented), which are important considerations for future urban planning/management and conservation strategies. This study gives a South African perspective and indicates that despite the lack of assigned function of urban green spaces, they sustain diverse and distinct predacious arthropod communities, which in turn fulfill various roles in a functioning ecosystem.
Phenotype and genotype variability of interspecific rice lines related to bacterial leaf blight resistance (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) character SITI YURIYAH; DEDY DARNAEDI; TATANG MITRA SETIA; GUT WINDARSIH; Dwinita Wikan Utami
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221001

Abstract

Abstract. Yuriyah S, Darnaedi D, Setia TM, Windarsih G, Utami DW. 2021. Phenotype and genotype variability of interspecific rice lines related to bacterial leaf blight resistance (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) character. Biodiversitas 22: 4123-4130. Wild rice species are the source of the gene pool for rice genetic diversity. The cross-species crosses (interspecific crosses) play an important role in breeding, namely in terms of expanding the diversity of desirable characters, such as disease resistance and improvement in yield potential. Currently, the genes from wild rice species have been successfully introgressed into cultivated rice so that they can overcome the rice production constraints, including the introgression of genes for the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability of phenotype and genotype performance of lines derived from wild rice species for the character of resistance to BLB disease. A total of 33 selected backcross lines derived from wild rice species of O. rufipogon and O. glaberrima as the donor parents and 2 control varieties (resistant and susceptible to BLB disease), were used in this study. The evaluation of phenotype and genotype of resistance characters to BLB disease was carried out during a vegetative phase of the plant. The resistance evaluation was carried out in a greenhouse, while the genotype performance was analyzed using 4 STS markers linked to Xa4, Xa7, and Xa13 genes. The result of the phenotype evaluation showed that there were variations among the resistance of the tested lines. Three lines derived from a Situ Bagendit/Oryza rufipogon cross were resistant to all BLB races used in the testing. Those three lines indicated to have the allele of the Xa7 resistance gene based on the genotype performance which grouped with the Code variety that had the Xa7 resistance gene.
The diversity and vegetation structure based on growth levels at an urban green campus in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia Darmawati DARMAWATI; ARAS MULYADI; SUWONDO SUWONDO; SYAFRI HARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221151

Abstract

Abstract. Darmawati, Mulyadi A, Suwondo, Harto S. 2021. The diversity and vegetation structure based on growth levels at an urban green campus in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5123-5132. The Bina Widya campus of the University of Riau (UNRI), Pekanbaru, Indonesia has the green open space (GOS) in its area and there are many species of vegetation. In a green open space, variables like diversity and vegetation structure must be considered based on growth levels, this study intended to determine the composition, structure, and diversity of vegetation.The results showed that there were 33 species of trees, 29 species of poles, 16 species of saplings, and 8 species of seedlings from 44 species belonging to 22 families. There were 874 individuals which consisted of 534 trees, 207 poles, 87 saplings, and 46 seedlings. The most common species found was Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae) with 289 individuals. The highest Important Value Index of vegetation species at each growth level was the tree of Alstonia scholaris (L) R.Br (300%, location IX), the pole of Hibiscus tiliaceus L. (300%, location VII), saplings of Vitex pinnata L. (300%, location IV), and S. macrophylla King (300%, locations I), seedlings of S. macrophylla King (300%, location I), and Garcinia mangostana L (300%, location IX). We did not find vegetation species at the levels of sapling or seedling in locations of II, III, V, VI, and VIII. It is necessary to replant the vegetation. The highest Species Diversity Index (H') at location X was trees (2.34), poles (2.28), saplings (1.77), and seedlings (1.17). The average H’ vegetation at Bina Widya Campus UNRI was 2.44 (medium). Vegetation on the Bina Widya Campus is fairly steady in terms of delivering advantages for human environmental services.
Genetic diversity of phenol hydroxylase-encoding genes among wastewater sludge bacteria WATUMESA AGUSTINA TAN; FEDHO KUSUMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221021

Abstract

Abstract. Tan WA, Kusuma F. 2021. Genetic diversity of phenol hydroxylase-encoding genes among wastewater sludge bacteria. Biodiversitas 22: 4291-4297. Phenol is a toxic aromatic compound that is used in various industries. In this study, we explore the molecular diversity of bacterial genes that encode for phenol hydroxylase, a key enzyme for phenol degradation, within sludge samples collected from the aeration and microbial recovery tank of an automotive wastewater treatment system. Partial phenol hydroxylase-encoding gene (600 bp) was amplified from the total DNA of each tank using a degenerate primer pair and cloned to construct a gene library. A total of 37 and 38 clones were obtained from the aeration and microbial recovery tank, respectively. The clones were sequenced and compared to GenBank database using BLASTX, followed by neighbor joining-based phylogenetic analysis using MEGA7. A majority of the clones recovered from both tanks belonged to Betaproteobacteria, which have been reported as phenol degraders with various metabolic activities and lifestyles. The clones are grouped into eight clusters. Six clusters were present in both the aeration and microbial recovery tank, and one unique cluster was identified in each tank. This indicated that diverse microbial communities play a role in phenol-containing wastewater treatment. They may have changed throughout the process as the surrounding chemical compositions differed and a variety of metabolic roles surfaced.
Leaf geometric morphometric analyses of Callicarpa and Geunsia (Lamiaceae) in the Malesian region Jennifer Danila; GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221031

Abstract

Abstract. Danila JS, Alejandro GJD. 2021. Leaf geometric morphometric analyses of Callicarpa and Geunsia (Lamiaceae) in the Malesian region. Biodiversitas 22: 4379-4390. Leaves are one of the most substantial organs of plants for it serves as a basis of species identification. Leaf morphology provides distinguishing features that help in the discrimination of plant species as well as investigation of leaf features among populations. This study aimed to investigate leaf shape variations between the two genera Geunsia Blume group and its closely related taxon, Callicarpa L. (Lamiaceae) using a landmark-based geometric morphometric method. The differences in the leaf shape among former members of Geunsia, namely C. apoensis, C. basilanensis, C. flavida, C. paloensis, C. pentandra, C. ramiflora, and C. surigaensis are also evaluated. Two primary landmarks and 14 semilandmarks were assigned in all samples to represent changes around the leaf margin. The Procrustes fit was generated using MorphoJ software which displays the mean and landmark position for individual configurations. Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and Mahalanobis Distance (MD) were able to discriminate all samples of Geunsia species using a scatter plot. Furthermore, Procrustes ANOVA showed a significant difference (P = 0.0082) among the seven species of the Geunsia group. Based on the results obtained, geometric morphometrics of leaf shape is effective in interspecific discrimination within members of Geunsia. However, the result of Discriminant Analysis (DA) showed that Geunsia and Callicarpa groups made leaf shape differences inefficient in discriminating the two genera. Therefore, further morphological studies on landmark-based geometric morphometrics of leaf shape involving a larger number of samples especially in the study of intergeneric classification are suggested.

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