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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 538   539   540   541   542 
Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Lavandula pedunculata extracts and their inhibitory action against Candida albicans HANANE BAKRIM; MERIEM MABCHOUR; OUIAM EL GALIOU; ABDELHAY ARAKRAK; MOHAMMED BAKKALI; AMIN LAGLAOUI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251102

Abstract

Abstract. Bakrim H, Mabchour M, El Galiou O, Arakrak A, Bakkali M, Laglaoui A. 2024. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Lavandula pedunculata extracts and their inhibitory action against Candida albicans. Biodiversitas 25: 4020-4032. Lavandula pedunculata (Mill.) Cav. is an aromatic and medicinal plant that has attracted widespread interest due to its numerous potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Our study aimed to investigate the biological activities of organic extracts obtained from L. pedunculata using Soxhlet extraction by n-hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and distilled water. Extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant potential. Although these extracts did not display any antibacterial effect, we observed a significant effect against Candida albicans. The aqueous L. pedunculata extract exerted a bacteriostatic effect (11±1 mm, MIC=>40 mg/mL) and inhibited the formation of C. albicans biofilms (78.8%). Moreover, the aqueous fraction had the greatest potential to curb exopolysaccharide production and protein release, with OD values lower than control. Antifungal screening revealed that methanolic and dichloromethane extracts of L. pedunculata exerted the highest activity against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum as both extracts exert a fungistatic action (100% inhibition at 10 mg/mL). Antioxidant potential was particularly strong in the methanolic extract, as revealed by DPPH and FRAP assays (IC50= 0.012 mg/mL). Phytochemical screening showed a strong correlation between phenolic content and antioxidant effect. LC-MS analysis of the aqueous fraction detected the presence of glucuronide and glucoside conjugates of quercetin and kaempferol, apigenin, and vanillic acid, which are indicative of rich polyphenolic content.
Adaptation strategies in wildlife hunting practices among the Tehit Knasaimos Ethnic Group, South Sorong, Southwest Papua, Indonesia RUDI APRIANTO MATURBONGS; ARLAN KAPISA; MELIZA S. WORABAI; MATHEUS BELJAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250953

Abstract

Abstract. Maturbongs RA, Kapisa A, Worabai MS, Beljai M. 2024. Adaptation strategies in wildlife hunting practices among the Tehit Knasaimos Ethnic Group, South Sorong, Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3309-3319. This research investigates the adaptation strategies employed by the Tehit Knasaimos Ethnic Group in South Sorong District, Southwest Papua Province, Indonesia to sustain their wildlife hunting practices. Employing a descriptive methodology that integrates both qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study focuses on the villages of Manggroholo and Sira. It explores how the community reconciles traditional hunting and fishing practices with the pressures of modern development by incorporating modern tools and economic practices. This analysis examines how traditional practices are adapted to meet the dual demands of cultural preservation and economic necessity. Key findings indicate a significant shift from traditional barter systems to cash-based transactions, highlighting the impact of modern economic integration on traditional economies. Additionally, a noticeable adoption of more durable materials in hunting and fishing gear suggests a move towards more sustainable practices that could reduce environmental degradation. Notably, the research emphasizes the continued relevance of cultural practices such as totemism and the management of sacred forests (hutan pamali), which play a pivotal role in wildlife conservation. The study further underscores the critical role of indigenous leadership and community collaboration in maintaining the sustainability of these practices. By fostering a communal approach to resource management, the Tehit Knasaimos community can navigate the challenges of external economic and environmental pressures. These insights contribute significantly to a broader understanding of how indigenous communities adapt to external challenges while preserving their cultural heritage and promoting ecological sustainability. This study enriches the discourse on sustainable development and offers valuable lessons on the resilience of indigenous adaptation strategies in the face of global change.
Genetic, phenotypic, and agronomic diversity of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) across agroclimatic zones for environmental adaptation and conservation KACUNG HARIYONO; LULUK NOVIANA; MOHAMMAD UBAIDILLAH; AGUNG SIH KURNIANTO; ROSE NOVITA SARI HANDOKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251005

Abstract

Abstract. Hariyono K, Noviana L, Ubaidillah M, Kurnianto AS, Handoko RNS. 2024. Genetic, phenotypic, and agronomic diversity of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) across agroclimatic zones for environmental adaptation and conservation. Biodiversitas 25: 3431-3441. Understanding the genetic and phenotypic diversity of crops like arrowroot is essential for developing sustainable agricultural practices and ensuring food security. This study, therefore, is of significant importance as it provides insights into how environmental factors influence trait variability, which can inform targeted conservation and agronomic strategies in the context of climate change. This study investigated the genetic, phenotypic, and agronomic diversity of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) across three agroclimatic zones in Jember District, East Java Province, Indonesia, with a focus on the impact of environmental factors on these traits. Sampling was conducted in Wuluhan, Sumbersari, and Arjasa subdistricts, covering 20 locations. Genetic analysis revealed that Arjasa presented the highest genetic diversity, with a median Genetics_Mean of 0.75 and an interquartile range (IQR) of 0.7-0.83, whereas Sumbersari and Wuluhan had median Genetics_Mean values of 0.8 and 0.8, respectively. Phenotypic diversity was also highest in Arjasa, with a Phenotypic_Mean of 0.83 (IQR: 0.78-0.86), whereas it was 0.8 in Sumbersari and 0.82 in Wuluhan. The quantitative traits presented less variability, with median Quantitative_Mean values of 0.22 in Arjasa, 0.19 in Sumbersari, and 0.21 in Wuluhan. The conservation priority index (CPI) was calculated, identifying Antirogo as the location with the highest CPI value of 0.440, indicating a high priority for conservation efforts. In contrast, Kebonsari had the lowest CPI value of 0.235. Principal component analysis (PCA) further highlighted the significant variability in genetic and phenotypic traits across sub-districts, particularly in Arjasa, where unique environmental conditions likely contribute to this diversity. The results emphasize the importance of targeted conservation strategies and agronomic practices to optimize the genetic and phenotypic potential of arrowroot, particularly in the face of environmental variability and global climate change.
Vegetation condition and tourism suitability of natural mangrove in Bagek Kembar, Lombok, Indonesia GITO HADIPRAYITNO; I WAYAN SUANA; DIDIK SANTOSO; LALU JAPA; ENI SUYANTRI; GDE CAHYADI WIRAJAGAT; MUHAMMAD SYAZALI; MOHAMMAD LIWA ILHAMDI; RIZKY REGINA KAWIRIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251032

Abstract

Abstract. Hadiprayitno G, Suana IW, Santoso D, Japa L, Suyantri E, Wirajagat GC, Syazali M, Ilhamdi ML, Kawirian RR. 2024. Vegetation condition and tourism suitability of natural mangrove in Bagek Kembar, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3703-3711. The Bagek Kembar Essential Ecosystem area is one of several mangrove-based tourist destinations in Lombok, Indonesia. This area features a natural mangrove forest zone amidst rehabilitated mangrove forests from former community ponds. This study aimed to understand the vegetation structure and composition of natural mangrove, the level of damage and their suitability for ecotourism. Data were collected from March to May 2023 by establishing eleven research transects. Trunk diameter and tree height were measured and canopy cover was analyzed using the Hemispherical Photography Method. A vegetation analysis was used to describe the mangrove community structure and composition. Level of damage was assessed using density and coverage parameters of mangrove vegetation while suitability for tourism was assessed using the tourism suitability index with parameters including the number of species, density and thickness of mangroves, tides, and fauna associated with the mangrove ecosystem. Eight mangrove species from five families were identified with the dominance of three species: Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Rhizophora mucronata Lam., and Rhizophora stylosa Griffith which spread across all transects. High variations in stem diameter and height indicated that the mangroves originated from natural succession. The natural mangrove forest zone in Bagek Kembar Essential Ecosystem area is classified as good based on the average density and percentage of canopy cover and is deemed very suitable for ecotourism development.
Morphological and ultrastructure alteration of larva Culex pipiens exposed from cassava juice extract MARIA NINDATU; HERY JOTLELY; YOFIAN ANAKTOTOTY; MILDA RIANTY LAKOAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260130

Abstract

Abstract. Nindatu M, Jotlely H, Anaktototy Y, Lakoan MR. 2025. Morphological and ultrastructure alteration of larva Culex pipiens exposed from cassava juice extract. Biodiversitas 26: 306-314. Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758 is a mosquito commonly often found in residential areas, particularly in puddles of water and storage tanks. This mosquito serves as a vector for lymphatic filariasis in humans, also known as elephantiasis. To eliminate the transmission of elephantiasis, control strategies one are implemented targeting the growth of C. pipiens larval population. Cassava tubers have the potential as a biolarvicide to control the population and growth of C. pipiens mosquito larvae. This research was aimed to determine the phytochemical content and biolarvicide effectiveness of juice extract cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), which may cause damage to the head capsule, thorax, and abdomen of C. pipiens larvae. Phytochemical test on the cassava tubers juice extract (M. esculenta) revealed relatively high levels of flavonoids, ranging from 3 to 3.5 mg. The results of identification using a keyence 3D microscope show the fourth instar larvae of C. pipiens in the control group. The body color is pale, and the head and tail are brownish. Squeezed biolarvicide cassava tubers (M. esculenta) doses of 0.5, 1.5, and 3.5% caused larval mortality above 90% at the 6th hour for 24 hours. Further characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicated that a dosage of 3.5% applied for 24 hours caused significant damage to the head capsule, with the exoskeleton connecting the head and thorax nearly detaching. Higher concentration of cassava juice extract resulted in increased body damage to C. pipiens larvae. It can be concluded that the flavonoid compounds in cassava juice extract in this study can effectively damage the bodies of fourth instar C. pipiens larvae, as evidenced by the SEM results.
Weed species in plant communities as indicators of degradation of vegetation cover and fertile soil layer in desert regions BEKTEMIR OSMONALI; AIGUL TOKBERGENOVA; OMIRZHAN TAUKEBAYEV; KANAT ZULPYKHAROV; RUSLAN SALMURZAULY; ZHASSULAN SMANOV; SERIKBAY USSEN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251230

Abstract

Abstract. Osmonali B, Tokbergenova A, Taukebayev O, Zulpykharov K, Salmurzauly R, Smanov Z, Ussen S. 2024. Weed species in plant communities as indicators of degradation of vegetation cover and fertile soil layer in desert regions. Biodiversitas 25: 4930-4938. The geographical position of Kazakhstan on the continent of Eurasia determines its special role in solving problems of conservation of biodiversity of natural biological and land resources. One of the numerous factors of anthropogenic desertification is overgrazing. Under long-term unsystematic grazing, fodder lands of sandy massifs are more exposed to various types of soil deflation and vegetation changes. In desert regions, weeds can be an important indicator of degradation of vegetation cover and fertile soil layer. Some weed species may indicate soil moisture deficiency, salt degradation or lack of fertile substances. The purpose of our work is to identify soil changes, depending on the dominance of weed species and the degree of disturbance. On the example of the following weed species: Peganum harmala, Pseudosophora alopecuroides, Alhagi pseudalhagi, Suaeda linifolia, Karelinia caspia. Suaeda linifolia and K. caspia are indicator plants of salinisation by toxic salts. The study of weed species in desert regions can help to determine the level of degradation of soil and vegetation cover and to develop measures for their restoration and improvement. The study of weed species in plant communities of desert regions can help to determine the degree of degradation of vegetation cover and fertile soil layer, as well as to develop measures for their restoration and protection. Peganum harmala and A. pseudalhagi are indicators of overgrazing and degradation of vegetation cover. Pseudosophora alopecuroides, also known as indicator shrub, is a plant species that is often used as an indicator of land cover degradation. This species typically grows on soils with low nutrient content and can tolerate dry and unfavourable conditions. Thus, observing the presence of P. alopecuroides in a particular area can be a useful indicator to determine the level of vegetation degradation and the need for measures to restore and protect soil and vegetation.
Genetic diversity of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in Vietnam based on cox1 gene fragments LE TAN PHAT; HOANG TAN QUANG; NGUYEN VAN HUY; MAC NHU BINH; TON THAT CHAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251137

Abstract

Abstract. Phat LT, Quang HT, Huy NV, Binh MN, Chat TT. 2024. Genetic diversity of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in Vietnam based on cox1 gene fragments. Biodiversitas 25: 4379-4388. Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain Estampador 1950) is a commonly found resource throughout Vietnam, with increasing exports each year. However, production is yet to be able to meet consumer demand, which continues to increase, leading to consistently high market prices. Accurately estimating genetic variation in mud crab populations is crucial for developing conservation management strategies for highly exploited fishery resources. In this study, genetic variations and population structure of S. paramamosain were examined by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of a 780 base pairs (bp) region of the mitochondrial cox1 gene from three populations across thirteen collection sites in Vietnam, covering a diverse geographical range. A total of 45 individuals were examined, the cox1 gene sequences were aligned, and 17 haplotypes were identified, with two of these haplotypes being shared by the populations. The haplotype diversity ranged from 0.57143 (Thua Thien Hue) to 0.80000 (Ca Mau). The haplotype network displayed that the haplotypes were divided into two clusters with Hap_3 as the center. Pairwise Fst values between populations ranged low, from 0-0.01266. The AMOVA results highlighted that within-population variation (99.85%) was higher than among-population variation (0.15%). Findings from neutral tests and mismatch analysis suggested implications for mud crab population dynamics. S. paramamosain in Vietnam showed high genetic diversity within the populations, as shown by low genetic variation and the significant gene flow between populations when analyzing the cox1 gene. These results underscore the interconnectedness of the mud crab population and provide a foundation for establishing an enduring mud crab farming initiative in Vietnam.
Diversity and spatial distribution of Lauraceae tree species in Lower Montane Forest at Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Northern Thailand SIRIPHUM SRISUWAN; SARAWOOD SUNGKAEW; CHONGRAK WACHRINRAT; LAMTHAI ASANOK; TORLARP KAMYO; SATHID THINKAMPHEANG; PANIDA KACHINA; SUTHEERA HERMHUK; WONGSATORN PHUMPHUANG; ARERUT YARNVUDHI; DOKRAK MAROD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251013

Abstract

Abstract. Srisuwan S, Sungkaew S, Wachrinrat C, Asanok L, Kamyo T, Thinkampheang S, Kachina P, Hermhuk S, Phumphuang W, Yarnvudhi A, Marod D. 2024. Diversity and spatial distribution of Lauraceae tree species in Lower Montane Forest at Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 3510-3520. Montane forests are characterized by high plant diversity, including a notable representation by the Lauraceae family, which offers a variety of ecological and economic benefits. This study aimed to assess the species diversity, spatial distribution, and habitat suitability of the Lauraceae family in the Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Northern Thailand. A Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was employed to determine the spatial distribution of the dominant Lauraceae species, whereas the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to assess habitat suitability for key species. A total of 24 species across 10 genera were found. The most species-rich genera were Cinnamomum and Litsea, followed by Cryptocarya, Machilus and Phoebe, and Actinodaphne, Persea, Beilschmiedia, and Neocinnamomum. Habitat suitability for important Lauraceae species was categorized into low-, medium-, and high-potential areas. The elevation and soil organic matter were the most significant factors influencing species abundance. Additionally, soil properties also played a role in species distribution. The spatial distribution of Lauraceae species was primarily influenced by elevation. However, this distribution is also influenced by the interplay between elevation, soil properties, climate, and human activity. Thus, a comprehensive knowledge of these determinants can inform conservation strategies and ensure the long-term viability of Lauraceae populations in montane forests.
Comparative study on karyotypes of three Mastacembelus species (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) from Thailand WATCHARIN SEREE; WEERAYUTH SUPIWONG; GETLEKLA NUNTAPORN; SUKHONTHIP DITCHAROEN; NATTHASUDA DONBUNDIT; KRIENGKRAI SEETAPAN; SAMPAN TONGNUNUI; SITTHISAK JUNTHARAT; ALONGKLOD TANOMTONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260125

Abstract

Abstract. Seree W, Supiwong W, Nuntaporn G, Ditcharoen S, Donbundit N, Seetapan K, Tongnunui S, Juntharat S, Tanomtong A. 2025. Comparative study on karyotypes of three Mastacembelus species (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas 26: 246-254. Karyotype study or chromosomal study is necessary for some cases of fish taxonomy. The chromosomes of three Mastacembelus species named Zig-zag eel or Mastacembelus armatus, Fire eel or Mastacembelus erythrotaenia, and Tire track eel or Mastacembelus favus using conventional Giemsa staining and Ag-Nucleolar Organizer Region (NOR) banding techniques were investigated. The results indicated that conserved diploid number (2n) of 48 and the fundamental number or chromosome arm number (NF) as 62 for all analyzed species of male and female specimens were revealed, although varying in their karyotype structures were observed. Karyotypes of three species are as follows: 12m+2sm+2a+32t, 10m+6sm+32t, and 8m+6sm+34t in M. armatus, M. erythrotaenia, and M. favus, respectively. In each species, positive Ag-NOR markers were differentially observed adjacent to telomeric and/or sub-telomeric regions (telomeric NORs) of metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes. In M. armatus, NOR locations are at the long arm of the first metacentric chromosome pair, while in M. favus and M. erythrotaenia, NOR locations are at the short arm of the first submetacentric chromosome and the first metacentric chromosome pairs, respectively. The findings show that Mastacembelus species, despite having a conserved diploid number, differ remarkably in the patterns of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) in their karyotypes. These species-specific patterns can be useful in further characterizing and identifying different species and investigating the evolutionary mechanisms driving the evolution of these fish karyotypes.
Characterization of endophytic bacterial isolates from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings and ramets for their plant growth promoting potential IDA AYU PUTU SURYANTI; MARIA INDAH PURNAMASARI; CAHYA PRIHATNA; IMAN RUSMANA; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251040

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanti IAP, Purnamasari MI, Prihatna C, Rusmana I, Wahyudi AT, Suwanto A. 2024. Characterization of endophytic bacterial isolates from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings and ramets for their plant growth-promoting potential. Biodiversitas 25: 3775-3788. Using sterile tissue culture to cultivate oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings results in the loss of beneficial endophytic bacteria, which can lead to various growth issues, including abnormal flower development and reduced palm oil production. The study aimed to investigate the potential endophytic bacteria in oil palm seedlings and ramets that serve as plant growth promoters. This research began with isolating and characterizing bacterial isolates with plant growth-promoting traits, then identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In vitro and in vivo growth tests were carried out to assess the prospects of these bacterial isolates. Seventeen bacterial isolates were successfully cultured from oil palm seedlings and ramets (seedlings from tissue culture), with 12 and 5 isolates, respectively, which displayed characteristics of plant growth-promoting bacteria: 88% could produce aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, 18% exhibited nitrogen-fixing abilities, 47% demonstrated phosphate solubilization, and 12% were producers of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone, which. One of the isolates, designated as 3AK, was indicated as the Aeromonas genus, which originates from the environment and has all the plant growth-promoting properties tested qualitatively in this study. In vitro growth testing showed that 3AK isolate had the most significant average lengths for both shoots (4.4±0.4 cm) and roots (8.2±0.5 cm). In the greenhouse experiment (in vivo), the oil palm seedlings treated with bacteria, such as 3AK, exhibited differences in shoot and root dry weight compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. These findings collectively indicate that endophytic bacteria code 3AK is isolated from oil palm root, identified as Aeromonas taiwanensis through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and has the potential as a plant growth promoter. Inoculation of Aeromonas taiwanensis strain 3AK and PsJN as Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN (already known as a model for promoting plant growth) was carried out for the first time on the growth of oil palm seedlings.

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